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Biomedical subjects

A Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to A Strauss.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Sentimental work in the technologized hospital.

Sentiment is frequently involved in work either to get work done efficiently or because of humanistic considerations. This paper explores several questions: Are there different kinds of sentimental work? How is sentimental work carried out? When and where is it done; when not? Who does it? What is its relation to other types of work? When is it likely to be in focus for the workers? When is it visible, when invisible and to whom? What are its consequences: for work, staff, client and organization? The illustrative materials used in this paper are taken from research on the impact of technology on medical work in hospitals.

Affect↗
PubMed1981

Radiation therapy of malignant melanomas: an evaluation of clinically used fractionation schemes.

To assess the importance of radiation dose fraction size in the treatment of malignant melanomas, the records of 48 patients (83 sites) treated at Tufts-New England Medical Center from 1971 to 1979 have been retrospectively reviewed. During this period, the dose fractionation schemes evolved from standard fraction size to large-dose techniques. Radiation fraction size was observed to be the major factor in the clinical response of melanoma. Fractions of 600-800 rad resulted in the best overall response (80%). The rapid fractionation scheme of 800-400-400 rad on successive days resulted in intermediate response (58%) and may be useful for the palliative treatment of selected patients.

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMed1980

[On the practice of clinical therapy with psychotropic drugs -- retrospective investigation of physicians prescribing practices in a psychiatric hospital (author's transl)].

1. At the psychiatric hospital of the University of Munich physicians' practices in prescribing psychotropic drugs have been analyzed retrospectively for 1974. Case report of 2,100 patients from a total of 2,118 newly admitted inpatients in 1974 have been evaluated and various methods of analyzing data are compared. 2. 414 (19.7%) patients out of a total of 2100 have not been medicated by any drugs. On the average 2.7 psychotropic drugs/patient have been precribed in the remaining 1,186 patients (80.3%). 3. 37.4% of 4627 applications made have been allotted to neuroleptics. Clozapine has been found to be the drug most extensively used (37.4%). It was prescribed to 595 patients, followed by chloralhydrate (425 patients) and amitriptyline (374 patients). 4. Out of a total of 5373 prescriptions, 2,004 were allotted to a single substance and 3,369 to a combination of different drugs. With regard to combined medications, in 1,856 prescriptions two drugs were combined, in 1,015 three, in 404 four, in 70 five, in 18 six and finally in 6 prescriptions seven medications were applied to one patient. 5. Antidepressants and neuroleptics have been combined on the same patient in 768 prescriptions. As to neuroleptics most frequently clozapine and haloperidol have been prescribed together. 6. The mean time during which a defined combination of drugs was given continuously, never exceeded a quarter of the total time the individual had been admitted to the hospital. 7. It is evident that in clinical practice the combinations of psychotropic drugs are widely used. This pattern of psychopharmacological drug treatment is in conflict with the present accepted rules of psychotropic pharmacotherapy. Furthermore it is a remarkable result of the present studies that in therapeutical practice the single components of drug combinations are changed very often. Compounds with sedative effects are preferred within all classes of psychotropic drugs.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Drug monitoring in psychiatry (author's transl)].

The Study Group for Drug Surveillance in Psychiatry (AMUP) has been working since July 1978 as a task force group of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie" (AGNP). A protocol was designed for the initiation of drug monitoring in psychiatric hospitals. With support of the Bundesgesundheitsamt, Berlin, the first part of this project was started as a practicability study in the psychiatric hospitals of the Universities of Berlin, Göttingen, and Munich and in the municipal hospital of Schleswig. The study includes 7650 in-patients. It is based on the following methods: intensive drug monitoring, organized spontaneous monitoring of adverse drug reactions and registration of drug applications. This drug monitoring system in psychiatry will be expanded to other psychiatric hospitals, and eventually to out-patient clinics as well as private practices within the next two years.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1979

The genetic fine structure of the complex locus aro3 involved in early aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The complex locus aro3 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe was subjected to genetical fine structure analysis. By comparing the complementation map and the meiotic recombination map, the aro3 locus could be subdivided into the five adjacent subregions A, B, C, D and E. Out of 115 aro3 alleles, 26 nonsense alleles and 30 missense alleles could be identified by the criteria of nonsense suppressor sensitivity and leakiness, respectively. Most alleles with a pleiotropic complementation pattern are of the nonsense type. We conclude from the polarity of the complementation patterns characterising the nonsense alleles that the translation direction proceeds from subregion. A to subregion E. Antipolar effects in complementation are more frequent than in the analogous system of the arom gene cluster of Neurospora crassa.

Alleles↗