New evidence on the relationships between the plasma renin and brain isorenin activities in rats.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Stratone.
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The cerebral motor and cognitive behavior is obviously altered by chronic alcoholism, which generates significant morphological and biochemical changes. In turn, alcoholic withdrawal improves the cerebral blood supply, the psychological and motor behavior and the EEG appearance, especially in young alcoholics. Our study also underlines that alcoholic women develop a late improvement of the clinical and bioelectrical condition during the alcoholic withdrawal.
Cytokines involved in the immune process proof, also, the neurotransmitter role, being synthesized by various cells of the body, with specific genes participation. Cytokines can act on the some membrane receptor like the neurotransmitters, and they can produce diverse biological effects. Pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory or haematopoetic cytokines as those in the central nervous system can be identified by immunoassay and bioassay methods. Recent works show that the cytokines implication in hypothalamo-hypophyso-corticopsuprarenal and gonad axis have consequence on ACTH, corticoids and LH secretion, explaining the ovulatory and gestational disorders. Excessive or insufficient cytokines synthesis, at neuronal level (astrocytes, microglies), explains psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer's disease; cytokines (interferon) long term use for the treatment of some diseases, produce irritability, anxiety, delirium, and confusion etc.
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A comparative study of plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme and renin activity was carried out in 55 patients with sarcoidosis and other pulmonary diseases. The converting enzyme activity was significantly increased in active sarcoidosis, showing a tendency to return to normal values after corticoid treatment, while plasma renin activity remained unaltered both before and after corticotherapy. The obtained results confirm the usefulness of the converting enzyme measurements, as already shown by others. Attention is drawn on the possible involvement of the pulmonary renin-angiotensin system in the local vascular and enzymo-chemical alterations, suggesting the possibility of associating the converting enzyme inhibitors to the corticotherapy of sarcoidosis.
By the ligature of the left coronary artery in the rat anesthetized with nembutal (10 mg/100 i.p.) a significant increase of the 5'-nucleotidase activity (Wooton method) was noticed 10 minutes after the left ventricle infarction (from an average value of 1038.5 +/- 187 mU/g tissue to 1537 +/- 225 mU/g fresh tissue). The adenosine desaminase levels spectrophotometrically determined by Denstedt technique, do not appear significantly modified 10 or 30 minutes after the left ventricle infarction. The chromatographically determined adenosine levels, by HPLC technique, decrease from the average value of 11.63 +/- 1.4 micrograms/mg PT to 8.60 +/- 1.0 micrograms/mg PT 30 minutes after infarction. The observed changes are explained by the conditions of hypoxia in the infarcted ventricle which lead to the raise in adenosine levels by activating the 5'-nucleotidase and their depression by a very fast metabolism of the same substance.
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