IGF-I levels in obesity: their relationship to blood pressure levels.
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Blood Pressure↗
Biomedical subjects
A Strata
Publications and source records attributed to A Strata.
[Lp(a) and the cardiovascular risk in dyslipidemia subjects].
In this paper the presence of a correlation between plasma Lp(a) levels and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and/or coronary heart disease (CHD) was investigated in 20 dyslipidaemic patients (10 males and 10 females, well matched for age, type of hyperlydaemia and other CVD risk factors). Lp(a) plasma levels, ECG and carotid and femoral arteries duplex ultrasonography were performed in all the patients. No difference in plasma Lp(a) levels between patients without and with carotid and femoral arteries stenotic lesions was observed. On the contrary Lp(a) was significantly higher in patients with ECG signs of coronary ischaemic heart diseases than in patients with normal ECG. These observations confirm the importance of Lp(a) as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in dyslipidaemic patients.
Adult↗
[Clinical research on a new microcrystalline cellulose dietetic supplement].
BACKGROUND: Obesity dietetic treatment produces a residual bulk reduction that is easily responsible of constipation. Fiber addiction improves bowel transit. To avoid some unpleasant effects of high molecular weight fibers, a research was made on a colloidal cellulose microfibers (MCC) product, that for its low molecular weight and its phytic acid lack, can limit these problems. Influence on constipation, blood and chemical analysis and satiation has been studied. METHODS: Research was made on obese patients. One group (studied for 4 weeks) of 30 subjects, 25 affected by simple obesity, and 5 obese, with hyperlipemia and non insulin dependent diabetes. The other group (studied for 8 weeks) of 10 subjects affected by simple obesity. The product was in tablets containing MCC 0.600 mg each, to be taken daily in dose of 4/6. Weight, BMI, total and fractionated cholesterol, triglycerides, A and B lipoproteins, uric acid, glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (in diabetic patients), blood count and plasma iron level (in the second group of patients) had been determined. Each subject reported on a record evacuations, collaterals symptoms, sense of satiation. RESULTS: 83% in the first group of patients and 90% in the second group showed defecation improvement. No changes were found in controlled parameters. MCC effect has been constipation correction. CONCLUSIONS: This fiber can be suggested in obese subjects when diet caused a slow bowel transit. Supplement can be protracted because it doesn't interfere with iron absorption.
English Abstract↗
Dissociation between urinary albumin excretion and variables associated with insulin resistance in a healthy population.
OBJECTIVES: To see if the cluster of metabolic and haemodynamic variables defined as comprising Syndrome X varied as a function of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) rate in a healthy population. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, population-based study. SETTING: A factory in Italy. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and twenty-five healthy volunteers, 115 men and 110 women. OUTCOME MEASURES. Measurements were made of the plasma glucose and insulin responses to oral glucose, fasting triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations, blood pressure, and UAE rates. RESULTS: Only five of the 225 volunteers had micro-albuminuria, defined as a UAE rate > 2 micrograms min-1, and the UAE rate was < 5 micrograms min-1 in 80% of the volunteers. Significant variations in the metabolic and haemodynamic variables measured were not associated with any differences in UAE. Finally, significant relationships were found between various measures of plasma insulin concentration and plasma glucose response to oral glucose, plasma TG and HDL-cholesterol concentrations, and mean arterial blood pressure, independent of variations in age, body mass index, ratio of waist-to-hip girth, and UAE rates. CONCLUSION: The widespread variability in plasma glucose and insulin responses, plasma TG and HDL-cholesterol concentrations, and blood pressure that are seen in the population at large cannot be attributed to variations in UAE rate.
Albuminuria↗
Lipoprotein(a) and exercise.
Plasma levels of lipoprotein(a), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoprotein A1 and apoprotein B were assessed in 10 healthy, untrained volunteers subjected to a bicycle ergometric exercise equal to 50% of individual VO2max, followed by increasing loads until muscular exhaustion. Blood samples were taken before the exercise, immediately afterwards and then at 12-hourly intervals for a 72 hours period. Subsequently, the same parameters were evaluated for 8 long-distance runners during the XXIII New York Marathon, with blood samples being taken before and after the race, and then after one month of detraining. After the exercise, lipoprotein(a) in untrained subjects began to decrease significantly from the 24th hour on and remained lower than baseline levels up till the 72nd hour. After detraining, lipoprotein(a) in marathon runners increased significantly both with respect to basal values and especially to post-race values. Modifications of the other metabolic parameters evaluated in both tests were negligible and predictable. In the two groups of subjects examined, no correlation was found between lipoprotein (a) and the anthropometrical data and metabolic parameters considered.
Adult↗
[Nutritional principles for the pregnant diabetic].
After a short account on alimentation in pregnant women, the authors examine in detail the correct alimentation in pregnant women affected by different types of diabetes. As general lines for a correct nutritional approach, a total caloric intake of 2200-2500 kcal daily (9196-10450 Kj) (which enclose 35-40 kcal/pro/kg ideal weight and a caloric surplus for pregnancy) is recommended. In over-weight women the caloric intake will be reduced till 1500 kcal (6270 Kj) checking constantly metabolic situation (increase of weight should be for the first ten weeks of 100 g weekly, than of 300 g weekly). Altogether weight increase should be from 9 to 12 kg. 15-20% of caloric intake should be represented for proteins, very important for pregnancy and good growth of fetus. Carbohydrate intake should be 55-60% of caloric intake represented for 75-80% by complex glucides and for 20-25% simple glucides to support a suitable amount of dietary fibres (25-30%). The lipid intake recommended should be 25-30% of the daily calories with a third of monounsaturated fat acids, a third of polyunsaturated fat acids and a third of saturated fat acids, with a cholesterol amount under 300 mg/die. In additional the nutritional plan should consist of a adequate amount of "non energetic nutrients" (minerals and vitamins), particularly the calcium intake must be 1200 mg/die and 18 mg/die that of iron and folic acid, vitamin A, D and B intake must be increased. Finally, the authors advise against alcoholic beverages and recommend a regular subdivision of the meals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Diet, Diabetic↗
Dietary treatment of dyslipidaemias.
Detailed and personalized dietary guidance must be given to subjects recognized as dyslipidaemic and to the parents of high-risk individuals. The diets should be hypolisocaloric with reduced intake of fats (30%) and cholesterol (250-300 mg/day) and with high intake of carbohydrate (55-60%), preferably complex. Dietary fibre intake should be at least 25 g/day.
Diet↗
[Nutritional problems in the aged].
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Adult↗
[Comparison of HbA1c, fructosamine and the main metabolic parameters in a non-insulin-dependent diabetic population].
Our objective was the checking of clinical data obtainable from the assay of some parameters in NID diabetic individuals. To this end, we studied 133 patients--57 males and 76 females, average age 74.36 +/- 1.01 years, 72.6% of which were above 65 years of age. The control population was subdivided as follows: 50 subjects, 26 F and 24 M; average age 71.25 +/- 1.32 years, with normal glucidic tolerance as assessed by OGTT. Current glycemia, average glycemia, fructosamine, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were obviously much higher than normal in the individuals admitted to the study. A statistically significant correlation was found between average glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, LDL-cholesterol and blood triglycerides (p less than 0.05). No correlation was found between current glycemia, fructosamine and glycosylated hemoglobin. Similarly, serum fructosamine was unrelated to the parameters studied. In our study, fructosamine, glycosylated hemoglobin and current glycemia offered unrelatable data. Hence, in our opinion it is necessary to assay these three parameters contemporaneously for a reliable assessment of metabolic compensation.
Aged↗
[Etiopathogenetic role of metabolic, circulatory, sex factors and type and duration of diabetes in diabetic retinopathy. Investigation with vitreofluorophotometry].
We have studied metabolic, circulatory and vascular parameters in a group of 57 diabetics (37 affected by IDDM, 20 affected by NIDDM; 35 were males, 22 were females). Goals of present study were: 1) quantitative evaluation of the blood retinal barrier; 2) influence of the metabolic state, blood pressure, sex, type and duration of the diabetes on the ocular conditions; 3) relationship between ophthalmoscopic appearance of the retina and vitreous fluorophotometric recordings. We concluded that: a) ocular alterations depend by lipidic metabolism, blood pressure, sex, type and duration of the diabetes; b) vitreous fluorophotometry has proved a good device for early detection of retinal damages in the diabetic retinopathy.
Blood Pressure↗
Abnormal lipid metabolism in treated hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apoprotein concentrations were measured in 169 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 78 with normal blood pressure, and 91 diagnosed and receiving drug treatment for hypertension. Plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and apoprotein B concentrations were significantly higher (p = less than 0.05 to less than 0.001) in the hypertensive group. In addition, the ratios of high-density to low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and of apoprotein A-1 to apoprotein B were significantly reduced (p less than 0.01) in patients with hypertension. The changes noted were independent of differences in sex distribution, degree of obesity, and level of glycemic control. These results indicate that substantial differences in plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apoprotein concentrations are seen when normotensive patients with NIDDM are compared with patients who are also being treated for hypertension, and that all of the changes noted would increase the risk of coronary artery disease in the hypertensive group. Since all patients with hypertension were receiving anti-hypertensive medications, it is not clear if it is hypertension per se, or its treatment, that is responsible for the observed changes in lipid metabolism.
Antihypertensive Agents↗
Primary adult lactose malabsorption in Italy: regional differences in prevalence and relationship to lactose intolerance and milk consumption.
A study of regional differences in prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption in Italy was conducted on 205 subjects. Their origin was determined by their grandparents' birthplace, 89 from northern, 65 from central, and 51 from southern areas of Italy. Lactose malabsorption was diagnosed with standard oral lactose tolerance test and blood glucose determinations. Lactose malabsorbers showed symptoms more frequently than absorbers after the test load of lactose (p less than 0.01) they also reported milk intolerance more frequently (p less than 0.01). Prevalence of lactose malabsorption is significantly lower in the central sample (19%) than in the northern (52%) and southern (41%) samples (p less than 0.01). This finding contrasts with the hypothesis of a continuous increase in frequency of lactose malabsorption from northern to southern Europe and is probably due to the complex genetic history of the Italian population.
Adult↗
[Clinical use of pantethine by parenteral route in the treatment of hyperlipidemia].
Recent investigations have confirmed the effectiveness and the excellent tolerability of pantethine, a derivative of pantetheine, an essential part of the acetylation coenzyme CoA, administered P.O., in normalizing the blood lipid concentrations of patients with hyperlipidemias. A group of 18 patients with hyperlipidemias (9 M, 9 F), with an average age of 52.6 years, was submitted to pantethine parenteral treatment. After a 20 days wash-out, pantethine (400 mg/day; BID) was administered intramuscularly, for 20 days. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, apo A-1 and B lipoprotein, uric acid in serum, glycemia, CBC, B.U.N., creatininemia, E.S.R., SGOT, SGPT, bilirubinemia, cardiac frequency, blood pressure and body weight were controlled before and after treatment. The drug showed to have a therapeutic effectiveness by a rapid and significant improvement in the blood lipid pattern with reduction of total cholesterol, triglycerides and apo-B lipoprotein and increase of HDL-cholesterol and apo A-1 lipoprotein. The tolerability of pantethine at the stated dosage and mode of administration was invariably excellent, with non complaints or visible side effects imputable to the test drug. BUN, creatininemia, glycemia, SGOT, SGPT, bilirubinemia, E.S.R., CBC, cardiac frequency and blood pressure readings showed no noteworthy changes throughout the study.
Cholesterol↗
Double-blind study on the tolerance of four types of milk in lactose malabsorbers and absorbers.
Eighty Italian adults (53 females, 18-69 years, and 27 males, 18-60 years) underwent double-blind tests involving the intake of increasing amounts (125, 250, 500, 1000 ml/d) of four types of milk with normal or low lactose and/or fat content. The tests were completed satisfactorily by 71 subjects. Forty were lactose malabsorbers (LMs) and 31 were absorbers (LAs), according to a standard oral lactose tolerance test. Each subject reported on a questionnaire whether he/she experienced symptoms during the 24 h after milk intake, and the intensity of the symptoms, adopting a score of 0 to 12, according to an already tested procedure. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between lactose malabsorption or absorption and intolerance to milk in Italian adults, relative to lactose and fat contents, dose of milk and individual sensitivity. LMs reported symptoms overall more frequently and with greater intensity than LAs (P less than 0.001). The amount of milk ingested was positively associated with the frequency of symptoms both in LMs and LAs. Contrary to earlier findings, fat seemed to contribute to milk intolerance in LMs rather than to reduce it. According to analysis of variance individual differences accounted for 40 per cent of total variation in symptom frequency.
Adolescent↗
[Retrospective study on 778 patients with acute myocardial infarct: relation between sex, age and blood lipid picture].
To evaluate the relationship between myocardial infarction and serum lipid levels, 778 patients admitted to the Fidenza Coronary Unit were studied. These patients were divided by sex and into groups by age decade and the frequency of hyperlipidemia was investigated. In the first place the association between myocardial infarction (MI) with hypercholesterolemia, second with hypertriglyceridemias was considered. In addition the population was subdivided in respect to the 3 more frequent types of hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, hypertriglyceridemia). The results show the presence at a positive correlation between MI and hypercholesterolemia in the younger groups in both sexes, but mainly in female. Similar results are obtained when the correlation between MI and hypertriglyceridemia was considered, but at a lower statistical significance. The statistical analysis of the different types of hyperlipidemia confines the important pathogenetic role of hypercholesterolemia by itself and in association with hypertriglyceridemia. On the other hand hypertriglyceridemia does not show any primary influence on MI, but it acts synergistically with hypercholesterolemia. The strong association of hyperlipidemia and MI in the younger group and in female, documented in this study, confirms the importance of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia as a risk factor in the early development of coronary heart disease.
Adult↗
[The dietary problem in cholelithiasis and patients at risk].
Gallstone disease has been recognized to be linked to others metabolic disorders such as obesity, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Previous studies demonstrated a close relationship between abnormal eating habits and gallstone disease. The total caloric intake should be calculated on each individual energy requirement and should be restricted in over-weight patients. The diet should contain approximately 15-20% of the daily calories from proteins, 30-35% from fat (mainly vegetable fat for the higher content in polyunsaturated fat) and 40-55% from carbohydrate (especially complex carbohydrate). In addition the nutritional plan should consist of adequate amount of minerals and vitamins and the fiber consumption should be increased to 30-40 g/day. Finally, at last the Authors recommends (6279-8372 Kj- a regular subdivision of the meals (small and frequent) dressed in the very natural wag.
Cholelithiasis↗
[Clinical study of a new preparation from plantago seeds and senna pods].
The lack of fiber in the western diet may contribute to the development of several diseases including gastrointestinal disorders; the clinical effects of a new substance (AGIOLAX) made from plantago seeds and senna pods were studied. 100 patients of both sexes, aged from 40 to 60 years (30 with diabetes mellitus, 40 with obesity and 30 with hyperlipidemia) were treated; everyone complained a slowness, of different degree, of normal intestinal transit time or chronic constipation. The experiment was carried out without the use of a control group. Aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of the product. In addition to the clinical evaluation of the symptoms, laboratory tests were performed. The patients were treated for 3 months with a daily dose of 2 teaspoons every evening. In the majority of the subjects a good clinical response was obtained; 88% of the patients presented a normalization of the gastrointestinal transit time; only 12% of them did not respond satisfactorily to the substance. Further the drug was well tolerated by 86% of the patients. In conclusion the authors report a good efficacy and tolerability of the product; thus they recommend its use in those disorders characterized by slow intestinal transit time and/or constipation.
Adult↗
Effectiveness of long-term treatment with pantethine in patients with dyslipidemia.
A one-year clinical trial with pantethine was conducted in 24 patients with established dyslipidemia of Fredrickson's types II A, II B, and IV, alone or associated with diabetes mellitus. The treatment was well tolerated by all patients with no subjective complaints or detectable side effects. Blood lipid assays repeated after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment revealed consistent and statistically significant reductions of all atherogenic lipid fractions (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B) with parallel increases of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A. The results were equally good in patients with uncomplicated dyslipidemia and in those with associated diabetes mellitus. The authors conclude that pantethine (a drug entity related to the natural compound, pantetheine) represents a valid therapeutic support for patients with dyslipidemia not amenable to satisfactory correction of blood lipids by diet alone.
Cholesterol↗