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Biomedical subjects

A Stemberger

Publications and source records attributed to A Stemberger.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The clinical administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone in dogs].

The short introduction gives a review on the complex of exogen and endogen opioids and their receptors as well as on their pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of naloxone. The clinical efficacy of naloxone as an opioid antagonist is described. Applications of naloxone for the dog are specified: antagonisation of etorphine, morphine, levomethadone and fentanyl, antagonisation of exogen and endogen opioids in puppies and treatment of lactomania in the bitch. The mean effective dose to antagonize morphines is 0.003 mg/kg bodyweight. If persisting analgesia is indicated the dose of naloxone in titrating steps in 0.001 mg/kg bw. To antagonize postpartal hypoxia in puppies 0.02 mg per animal naloxone have to be injected. For treatment of lactomania a dose of 0.01 mg/kg bodyweight twice a day for a couple of days is recommended. The clinical effectivity of naloxone is proved doubtlessly. Compatibility and safety are very high.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with a collagen-antibiotic compound--preliminary report].

A compound of collagen and gentamicin was used in a controlled examination on 67 patients for the treatment of posttraumatic as well as postoperative osteomyelitis and, when applying cement-free endoprostheses, for hemostasis and local prevention of infection in the bed for implantation. Even in case of relatively high doses, the gentamicin concentration measured was only at the threshold value of detectability, due to the local application of the absorbable antibiotic compound. In most of all cases (n = 63), the healing of infection is demonstrated by clinical and radiobiological investigation.

Collagen↗
PubMed1984

Combined application of heterologous collagen and fibrin sealant for liver injuries.

Hemostasis in complex liver injuries remains a problem despite improvements in operative techniques including debridement, suturing or packing. To evaluate fibrin sealant (FS), a new biodegradable hemostatic agent in combination with porcine collagen for sealing of liver injuries, three series of experiments were performed in 132 rats. In series I, 18 rats had a 10-mm in diameter and 2-mm in depth punch defect to the left lateral lobe. In the FS group (n = 9), bleeding was treated by insertion of an FS-soaked piece of collagen of equal size which was firmly attached to a plastic disk with wire anchor. In the control group (n = 9), collagen alone was inserted. Fifteen minutes after the insertion the lobe was excised and pull-off experiments were performed with simultaneous script chart recording. There was a highly significant difference in the adhesion to the liver surface (85.6 +/- 7.1 in the FS group versus 24.8 +/- 2.6 g/cm2 in the control group, P less than 0.001). In series II, 42 anticoagulated rats (Coumadin, PT 27.5% +/- 1.3) with lobectomy or liver rupture were placed in three groups (n = 14). Group I was treated with FS, group II with FS and collagen, and group III with catgut sutures which served as controls. Fourteen days later 12 rats of group I, 13 of group II, and 7 of group III were alive yielding 85.7, 92.8, and 50% overall survival rates, P less than 0.05 groups I and II versus group III. In series III, 72 non-anticoagulated rats were treated identically to series II and examined morphologically at 1, 7, 28, and 56 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Fibrin adhesion and postoperative anti-fibrinolytic care of conjunctival wounds].

The closure of conjunctival wounds by means of the fibrin adhesive technique has been reported by several authors; however, the clinical results were only partially satisfactory. Premature clot lysis resulted in disturbances of wound healing. These observations were corroborated by our the present authors' findings. Investigations of the proteolytic and fibrinolytic activity of aqueous humor and the lacrimal fluid revealed no activity in the aqueous humor, but significant activity in the lacrimal fluid. These findings indicated that proteolytic activity is responsible for the rapid dissolution of the fibrin clot after contact with tears. Stimulated by these findings, the present authors developed a topically applicable antifibrinolytic postoperative treatment based on eye drops containing Aprotinin (Trasylol). This technique has been applied in 3 patients so far and has resulted in stabilization of the fibrin clot until the wound has healed sufficiently. This cure is recommended for closure of conjunctival fistulas following glaucoma surgery, as well as for conjunctival wounds and partially dehiscent corneoscleral sections. It is noted that suturing of the latter is often complicated by scars or atrophy of the tissue.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1982

Influence of heparin; of different heparin fractions and of a low molecular weight heparin-like substance on the mechanism of fibrinolysis.

The influence of different heparin fractions and of a synthetic polysulfated polysaccharide (SP54) on the fibrinolytic mechanism was examined. In vitro, a significant shortening of the euglobulin lysis time (ELT) was found after addition of standard mucosa heparin, of high MW heparin and of SP 54 respectively. Low MW heparin fractions had no influence on the ELT. Simultaneously with the shortening of the ELT an activation of factor XII and of kallikrein was observed. A similar effect was found in groups of volunteers after i.v. or s.c. injections and even after oral administration of SP 54. The effect of venous occlusion on the ELT and on the activation of factor XII was considerably increased when heparin or SP 54 was injected 2 h prior to the test. When a comparable concentration of the test substances was added to plasma samples before and after venous occlusion, the effect on the ELT was much less pronounced than after injection whilst the effect on factor XII was comparable in both tests. From these results the conclusion was drawn that activation of fibrinolysis by polysulfated polysaccharides is achieved by an endogenous pathway as well as by an increased availability of the vascular activator. The magnitude of the activation of fibrinolysis partly depends on the MW of the substance but apparently also on the degree of sulfation since a low MW substance with a high number of sulfate bonds such as SP 54 was considerably more active than the low MW fraction of standard heparin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fibrinogen-fibrin conversion and inhibition of fibrinolysis.

The fibrin adhesion technique is the imitation of the last step of the coagulation system. Fibrinogen is converted by thrombin into fibrin and stabilized by factor XIII. Fibrin sticks to the tissue and the tissue is adapted by syneresis. Local application of aprotinin to the thrombin solution is necessary in order to inhibit premature lysis of the fibrin film. This technique is now used in some selected cases in man such as fixation of cartilage, tendon, sealing of colonic anastomoses and preclotting of vessel grafts. An excellent hemostyptic effect of the fibrin glue in combination with absorbable collagen tampons was found. This combination technique is now used to seal parenchymatous organs and to stop hemorrhage in patients with defective hemostasis particularly those undergoing open heart surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Experimental investigations of rat ileum enterotomies after application of physiological plasma fractions (author's transl)].

Standardised enterotomies of the rat ileum were performed by conventional enterorrhaphy and in combination with the fibrin adhesion technique. When enterotomy is also sealed with fibrin adhesive, the initial bursting strength is significantly higher. In the postoperative course this is only valid if a successful inhibition of fibrinolysis can be achieved by adding fibrinolytic inhibitors. Histochemical investigations of tissue enzyme activities confirm these findings.

Animals↗