Obliteration of anterior chamber caused by medium-sized choroidal malignant melanoma.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
A Spierer
Publications and source records attributed to A Spierer.
Specific inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase injected intracorneally in rabbit eyes.
The compounds benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-hydroxamate (Z-Leu-NHOH), phosphoryl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (P-Leu-Phe) and 2-mercaptoacetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine (HSAc-Phe-Leu) strongly inhibit the activity of Pseudomonas elastase in vitro. The capacity of these inhibitors to prevent corneal melting and perforation due to the elastase was examined in rabbit eyes by intrastromal injections of elastase solutions containing the various inhibitors. HSAc-Phe-Leu was substantially more effective than the other two inhibitors. It completely prevented corneal perforation, markedly delayed the appearance of melting and kept the degree of melting at a minimum. Subconjunctival injections of HSAc-Phe-Leu given prior to enzyme administration delayed but did not prevent corneal melting or perforation, whereas frequent topical application with drops of this inhibitor completely prevented corneal melting. It is suggested that HSAc-Phe-Leu or similarly structured inhibitors of the elastase might be helpful in the management of corneal infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Administration, Topical↗
Anterior uveitis as a first sign of primary orbital lymphosarcoma.
A 47-year-old woman had a painless anterior uveitis in her right eye. Later, it appeared to be secondary to a developing extraocular orbital tumor, which also caused marked proptosis. Histopathologic examination of the tumor revealed lymphocytic lymphosarcoma. The tumor regressed rapidly after irradiation and cytological treatment.
Anterior Chamber↗
Protein glaucoma as a possible mechanism in a case of glaucomatocyclitic crisis and periphlebitis.
A case of glaucomatocyclitis crisis with recurrent episodes of increased I0P, abnormal appearance of the angle structure and periphlebitis was presented. Some of these episodes involving first one eye and later occurring bilaterally were characterized by absence of flare in the anterior chamber. It is suggested that protein leakage following retinal periphlebitis or an inflammatory reaction involving the ciliary body might be the underlying mechanism for the elevated ocular pressure. The abnormal angle structure in our patient favored this protein glaucoma. A permanent increase in I0P observed at the latter stages of the disease indicate that the trabecular meshwork might be damaged irreversibly by protein glaucoma.
Adult↗
Retinal arterial loop occlusion.
A case is described in which a right preretinal arterial loop was complicated by an obstructive episode, producing an altitudinal visual field defect. The mechanism of the occlusion of the retinal vascular loop and the pathogenesis of the associated vitreous hemorrhage are discussed.
Adult↗
Exaggerated phosphaturic response to volume expansion in patients with essential hypertension.
1. Tubular handling of sodium in hypertensive patients has been evaluated with urinary phosphate excretion used as a marker for proximal tubular reabsorptive capacity. 2. Nine hypertensive patients and nine normal control subjects were studied during sustained water diuresis and the intravenous infusion of isotonic sodium chloride solution to produce volume expansion. 3. In the hypertensive patients there was exaggerated phosphaturia, natriuresis and enhanced distal delivery of sodium. Sodium reabsorption in the diluting segment was normal. 4. The enhanced distal delivery and augmented phosphaturia suggest that a decreased reabsorption of sodium in the proximal tubule is the most likely explanation for the exaggerated natriuretic response to volume expansion in hypertensive patients.
Adolescent↗
Similar level of polyteny in bands and interbands of Drosophila giant chromosomes.
The giant polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster have long been of interest to the geneticist because of the visible map of the genome provided by their characteristic banding patterns. An issue in the understanding of the molecular basis of chromosome banding has been whether the chromosomal DNA is replicated to the same extent in bands and interbands. Although various suggestions have been put forward the point has remained controversial. We have isolated 315 kilobases (kb) of contiguous Drosophila genomic DNA which spans an interval of approximately 13 bands and interbands of the polytene chromosomes. We report here the measurement of the relative level of DNA replication in polytene chromosomes of 84 adjacent restriction fragments of our cloned DNA. We conclude that there are no significant differences in the level of polyteny within the large band and between bands and interbands of this region. This result supports the 'folded fibre' model of polytene chromosome organization, rather than models involving disproportionate replication along the banding pattern.
Animals↗
Evaluation of superior rectus muscle attachment following hang-back recession in rabbit eyes.
PURPOSE: The hang-back suture technique has been advocated to decrease the risk of scleral perforation during strabismus surgery. In this study, we evaluated the muscle insertion site in rabbits 4 weeks after a hang-back recession was performed. METHODS: Twenty-five eyes of 13 rabbits underwent hang-back recessions of between 5 and 8 mm of the superior rectus muscle. Four weeks later, the attachment sites were examined. RESULTS: Four weeks following the surgery, 14 muscles (n=25, 56%) were anteriorly displaced. In the 5 mm recession group, one muscle was anteriorly displaced (n=7, 14.3%). In the 6 mm recession group, 50% of the muscles recessed were displaced anteriorly (n=8). The 7 mm hang-back recession group demonstrated forward displacement in five muscles operated (n=6, 83%) and in the 8 mm recession group, all four muscles (100%) were anteriorly displaced. The magnitude of displacement was positively correlated to the amount of the hang-back recession performed (Pearson correlation p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Anterior displacement of muscles using the hang-back technique in the rabbit eye is unacceptably high and occurred in 56% of the cases. A positive, statistically significant correlation exists between the amount of recession performed and the number of muscles displaced from their new insertion. Therefore, when performing large recessions using the hang-back technique displacement should be anticipated.
Animals↗
X-irradiation in the prevention of experimental post-traumatic vitreous proliferation.
We created double perforating injuries in both eyes of 22 rabbits. One eye of each animal was given a dose of 600 Rad x-irradiation 24 hours after the injury. The irradiated eyes developed significantly less intraocular proliferation than the non-irradiated eyes.
Animals↗
Characteristics of the iris in 100 neonates.
To better characterize the appearance of the iris at birth, we studied certain iris features of 100 normal newborns with slit lamp biomicroscopy. We noted the iris color, crypt-structure, and vascularity of the collarette and periphery of the iris. These features were considered in light of the child's birthweight, postnatal days of age, sex, and race. Iris vascularity correlated significantly with postnatal age at examination, and stage of crypt development was more advanced in males, and more evident in the blue and gray irides. Males also had a more advanced stage of iris development. In addition to our previous finding that iris vessels of cocaine intoxicated neonates were more tortuous and dilated than a control group, this study suggests that such vessels may also be more commonly found in sickly infants.
Aging↗
Congenital cataract surgery in children with cataract as an isolated defect and in children with a systemic syndrome: a comparative study.
PURPOSE: To compare visual acuity outcome in two groups of children who underwent congenital cataract surgery. The first group is one in which an isolated cataract occurred; the second group is one in which cataract occurred in conjunction with a systemic disease. METHODS: A review of 46 charts: 36 children (50 eyes) with congenital cataract as an isolated defect, and 10 children (16 eyes) with cataract as part of a systemic disease. RESULTS: One third of the eyes with isolated cataract had postoperative visual acuity better than 6/12, although none of the patients in the syndrome group had visual acuity better than 6/12. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.01). Of the various ocular pathologies associated with congenital cataract, only nystagmus was found to be more prevalent in the syndrome group (40%) as compared with the isolated cataract group (11%) (p = 0.05). Surgery was performed during the first 2 years of life in 54% of the eyes in the isolated cataract group, and in 87% of the eyes in the syndrome group (p = 0.01). There was no difference in the prevalence of the postoperative complications between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Children who underwent congenital cataract surgery developed poorer visual acuity if the cataract was a part of a systemic disease as compared with children without a systemic syndrome.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Refractive status in children after long-term follow up of cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the resultant refractive status in children 5 to 11 years after cataract surgery with a high power intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: Charts of eight patients (10 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation by the same technique were reviewed. Age at surgery was 2 months to 3 years. High-power IOL of 27.0 to 30.0 diopters (D) was implanted in seven eyes and lower IOL (between 19.0 D to 23.0 D) in three eyes. Follow-up period was between 5 and 11 years. RESULTS: In children who received a high-power IOL, the resultant refraction after 5 to 7 years was found to be between -5.50 and -12.00 D. In the group that had a lower power IOL implanted, the refraction was between -2.50 and +9.00 after 6 to 11 years. The results were plotted on a graph of refraction vs. IOL power and showed that the IOL power that may result in emmetropia in an older child is 23.2D. CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of a high-power IOL (27 D to 30 D) in eight young children resulted in refractive status within 3 D of emmetropia during the first year or two of life and in high myopia at age 5 to 12 years.
Cataract Extraction↗
Strabismus surgery using the adjustable suture technique.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine the results of adjustable suture technique used in horizontal muscle surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-eight charts of patients who underwent strabismus surgery between the years 1993 and 1995 were examined retrospectively. The study included 35 cases of esotropia (ET), and 43 cases of exotropia (XT). The results of strabismus surgery were measured and compared 1 day after adjustment; the final results between 6 and 24 months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Adjustment was required in 39% of all patients. The highest rate of adjustment was required in patients who underwent monocular surgery for XT (51%), and the lowest rate of adjustment was undertaken in patients who underwent monocular surgery for ET (16%). Mean changes in the angle of deviation between 1 day after surgery to the last follow up was 2.2 prism diopters (delta) (+/-11.2 delta) for cases of esotropia, and 4.6 delta (+/-8.7 delta) for exotropia. The most significant drift was found in patients with XT who underwent binocular surgery 6.8 delta (+/-0.9 delta) and the smallest drift was found in patients with ET who underwent binocular surgery 5.2 delta (+/-5.6 delta). CONCLUSION: Esotropic and exotropic patients have a tendency to drift towards their original deviation postoperatively. It is possible, therefore, that mild overcorrection in the early postoperative period will result in better long-term results.
Adolescent↗