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Biomedical subjects

A Somfay

Publications and source records attributed to A Somfay.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Dose-response effect of oxygen on hyperinflation and exercise endurance in nonhypoxaemic COPD patients.

Dynamic hyperinflation contributes to exertional breathlessness and reduced exercise tolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This study examined whether oxygen supplementation results in a dose-dependent decrease in hyperinflation associated with functional and symptomatic improvement. Ten severe COPD patients without clinically significant oxygen (O2) desaturation during exercise, and seven healthy subjects, performed five exercise tests at 75% of maximally tolerated work rate. Inspired oxygen fraction (FI,O2) was varied (0.21, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0) among tests in a randomized order. Ventilation (V'E) was measured, and end-inspiratory (EILV) and end-expiratory (EELV) lung volume changes were assessed from inspiratory capacity manoeuvres. In the patients, compared to room air, endurance time increased with FI,O2=0.3 (mean+/-SEM 92+/-20%) and increased further with FI,O2=0.5 (157+/-30%). At isotime, compared to room air, there were significant reductions in dyspnoea score, EELV, EILV, V'E and respiratory frequency (fR) with FI,O2=0.3. Improved endurance time negatively correlated with change in EELV (r=0.48, p=0.002) and EILV (r=0.43, p=0.005). The dyspnoea rating decrease correlated with fR decrease. In healthy subjects, smaller V'E and fR decreases were observed at FI,O2=0.5, accompanied by more modestly increased endurance. Oxygen supplementation during exercise induced dose-dependent improvement in endurance and symptom perception in nonhypoxaemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, which may be partly related to decreased hyperinflation and slower breathing pattern. This effect is maximized at an inspired oxygen fraction of 0.5.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Molecular genetic and traditional methods for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (discrepancy analysis).

In the past six and half years, 862 different clinical samples [sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, thorax puncture, cerebrospinal fluid and skin samples] were tested by Gen-probe amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test (MTD) or ligase chain reaction (LCR) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 239 parallel clinical samples were cultivated, and some samples were stained with Ziehl-Neelsen staining. 1-4 samples were tested per patient. 29 (12.13%) samples were positive and 177 (74.05%) samples were negative with both cultivation and molecular genetic methods. 2 (0.83%) samples were positive only on cultivation, and 31 (12.97%) samples were positive only with the molecular diagnostic methods. The differences are undoubtedly explained by the sensitivity of the molecular diagnostic methods.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1993

[Spiro-ergometry in chronic obstructive lung diseases].

The relationship of ventilatory function (FEV1, RV) with ergospirometric parameters (VO2max, VEmax/MVV) and arterial blood gas changes (delta paO2, delta paCO2) was investigated in 52 COPD patients. After exercise group I patients (n = 32) had better oxygenation (paO2: 62.6 +/- 7.2-->78.2 +/- 11.2 mmHg, P < 0.001), while paO2 in group II (n = 20) deteriorated (60.9 +/- 7.3-->54.1 +/- 5.4 mmHg, p < 0.001). Significant correlation have been found only in group II between FEV1 and VO2max (r = 0.65, p < 0.01) and RV and VO2max (r = -0.64, p < 0.01). Of the 41 patients who reached anaerobic threshold (AT), only 8 showed worse paO2 after exercise. Our results suggest that simultaneous observation of metabolic (AT) and respiratory (paO2) parameters during exercise are necessary to select those COPD patients who could have benefit from high intensity regular physical training. Those, who are able to reach AT and paO2 does not deteriorate during exercise are the best candidates for this kind of treatment.

Anaerobic Threshold↗
PubMed1991

[Angina pectoris, provocable by exercise, and silent myocardial ischemia in the light of results of coronary angiography].

Correlation between coronary anatomy and the presence or absence of chest pain was studied during bicycle exercise testing in 101 patients. All of them had significant ST segment depression during the stress test. ECG changes were accompanied by chest pain in 66 patients (group A). 35 patients were free of symptoms (group B). Coronary arteriography showed significant stenosis of one or more coronary artery branch in 50 patients of group A, and in 24 patients of group B, the difference was not significant statistically. The presence or absence of chest pain weren't valuable markers in the differential diagnosis of true and false positive ST segment depression. Frequency of three-vessel disease was significantly higher in group A (14 cases), than in the other group (1 case). In conclusion, if a significant ST segment depression occurs during exercise stress either with or without anginal pain coronary arteriography is recommended to perform.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1990

[Isolated right ventricular infarction].

Generally, right ventricle infarction is accompanied by left ventricle infarction. Isolated right ventricle necrosis is rare. Among 1707 patients with 6-week-old myocardial infarction there were 2 cases with isolated right ventricle infarction. Diagnosis based on pathologic Q waves in right precordial chest wall leads, radionuclide and echocardiographic observations. In one case, diagnosis was supported by coronary angiography, too.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Septal Q wave responses to exertion in the diagnosis of proximal stenosis of the anterior descending coronary artery].

In 29 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) involving the proximal segment of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and in 25 patients with normal coronary anatomy (control group) Q wave amplitude changes were studied in response to exercise with bicycle and treadmill. Decrease of the Q wave amplitude was observed only in the patient group. Increase in amplitude was found only in the control group. The sensitivity of bicycle test for a significant ST segment depression was 51.7%. The same value, obtained by treadmill exercise was 50%. When either a significant ST depression or decrease of Q wave amplitude was evaluated as an abnormal response to exercise, the sensitivity was 62% (bicycle) and 65% (treadmill). Taking both ST segment depression and reduction of Q wave amplitude, an increased sensitivity of exercise ECG examination can ben attained.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Stress tolerance in patients with right ventricular infarct during the rehabilitation period].

199 patients with myocardial infarction were divided into 4 groups according to the localisation of necrosis (anterior, inferior, anterior + right ventricle, inferior + right ventricle). Exercise capacity was determined by bicycle ergometer test at the beginning of rehabilitation and 3 weeks later. Exercise capacity and ejection fraction were better in case of inferior comparing with anterior infarction. There was no significant change in exercise capacity whether inferior or anterior left ventricle necrosis was accompanied by right ventricle infarction. In chronic phase of myocardial infarction exercise capacity of patients is not influenced by right ventricle necrosis accompanied by left ventricle infarction.

Exercise Test↗
PubMed1990

[The normal right-side electrocardiogram].

QRS complex, ST segment and T wave were investigated in V1R--V8R right chest wall leads in 122 healthy individuals (76 women, 46 men, mean age: 36.8 years). There was no Q wave in V1-3R. Going towards V8R, occurrence of QR and QS complexes increased. R/S ratio was the highest in V8R, while second r wave (r') was found to be most frequent (in 20.5%) in V6R. ST elevation at 80 msec after J point was found in all right chest wall leads, most frequently (in 91%) in V2R. All three forms of T wave morphology (positive, negative, isoelectric) were observed in these leads.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[ECG and coronarographic signs of an anterior wall myocardial infarct accompanied by a right ventricular infarct in the rehabilitation phase].

QRS-complex and ST-segment were analyzed by ECG using 12 routine leads in three right chest wall leads (V3R, V4R, V5R) in patients with chronic anterior wall myocardial infarction. A QRS-complex was found in leads V3R and V4R in proximal occlusion of the LAD in all (n = 22) but four patients, where retrograde filling of the septal branch of the LAD was observed. When the medial LAD was occluded (n = 13), rS-complex was present in the right chest wall leads. Similar ECG findings were revealed in normal coronary arteries (n = 46). QS-complex in leads V3R and V4R refers to right ventricle infarction in the chronic phase of anterior wall myocardial infarction, when the proximal LAD is occluded.

Adolescent↗