Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Solomon

Publications and source records attributed to A Solomon.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Bone lesions in early congenital syphilis.

A radiological study of bone changes in 112 children with congenital syphilis was undertaken. A similar number of normal children acted as a control group. Radiological examination of 5 syphilitic children showed that their bones were normal. Combined metaphyseal and periosteal lesions were the commonest bone disorders seen and are thus the most convincing radiological evidence of congenital syphilis. Transverse metaphyseal lucencies occur early in the disease, and with Wimburger's sign they are the prime evidence of pathology in syphilitic bone. Other radiographic changes are probably owing to minimal trauma in fragile disorganized bone. The occurrence of periosteal lesions alone has also been evaluated.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Kappa chain (V kappa III) subgroup-related activity in an idiotypic anti-cold agglutinin serum.

In a search for H- or L-chain-related cross-idiotypic specificity among human anti-I and anti-i cold agglutinins, two idiotypic antisera raised against the IgMkappa cold agglutinin Da were tested for their binding activity to isolated cold agglutinin H and L chains. Negligible H-chain binding activity was found, but there was high-titre L-chain binding activity in one of the antisera. This was an unsuspected VkappaIII subgroup activity which enabled the classification of VkappaIII proteins into three subgroups. The kappa chains of five out of six anti-I and anti-i cold agglutinins belonged to the antigenically most active VkappaIII subgroup. Absorption of the idiotypic antiserum with a Bence Jones protein of this latter subgroup did not appreciably alter the precipitating cross-idiotypic activity of the antiserum when tested with intect cold agglutinins. However, these studies do not rule out the possible existence of a VkappaIII subgroup-associated conformational antigen in an intact Fab region, which is seen as a 'cross idiotypic' antigen by heterologous (rabbit anti-human) antisera.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1976

Bence Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins. XIV. Conformational dependency and molecular localization of the kappa (kappa) and lambda (lambda) antigenic determinants.

The region on the light chain molecule responsible for expression of the kappa and lambda antigenic determinants was determined by comparative immunochemical analyses of intact Bence Jones proteins and naturally occurring or enzymatically derived fragments of Bence Jones proteins that lacked extensive portions of the V region or part of the C region. The reactivity of these fragments with numerous antisera having specificity for light-chain antigenic determinants indicated the essentiality of the intact light polypeptide chain for expression of the kappa and lambda antigenic determinants. The conformational dependency of the kappa and lambda antigenic determinants was also evidenced by denaturation-renaturation studies on kappa and lambda chains. The V domain, C domain, and interdomain 'switch' region contribute to the expression of kappa and lambda antigenicity and to certain isotypic and allotypic specificities.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1976

Use of prothrombin complex concentrates in the treatment of a hemophilic patient with an inhibitor of factor VIII.

The course and treatment of a life-threatening hemorrhagic episode in a patient with hemophilia A whose plasma contained a high concentration of an inhibitor of factor VIII activity is presented. The inhibitor of factor VIII was localized to the most anodal fractions of immunoglobulin G on electrophoresis, and was thus presumed to be an antibody directed against factor VIII. No therapeutic benefit occurred with infusions of massive amounts of fresh blood and factor VIII concentrates, or with a brief course of immunosuppressive therapy. Administration of standard and activated prothrombin complex concentrates resulted in reduction of the partial thromboplastin time to almost normal values and control of hemorrhage. Eight months later, another hemorrhagic episode occurred. Although a higher titer of inhibitor of factor VIII activity was still present in the patient's plasma, a beneficial therapeutic response was again achieved with standard prothrombin complex infusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Bence Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins. XIII. Effect of elastase-like and chymotrypsin-like neutral proteases derived from human granulocytes on Bence Jones proteins.

Bence Jones proteins can be cleaved specifically by several types of endopeptidases into fragments corresponding to the amino-terminal, variant (VL) portion and to the carboxyl-terminal, constant (CL) portion of the light polypeptide chain. Two types of neutral proteases, designated elastase-like (ELP) and chymotrypsin-like (CLP), have been isolated and purified from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Because these proteases have defined proteolytic activity under physiologic conditions for several types of human proteins, we investigated their effect on human Bence Jones proteins. Incubation of kappa-type or lambda-type Bence Jones proteins with ELP or CLP under appropriate conditions resulted in cleavage of both types of light chains as evident by immunochemical and electrophoretic analyses. Treatment with ELP or CLP of one kappa Bence Jones protein resulted in the formation of a single component that had antigenic and electrophoretic properties similar to the VL fragment derived from pepsin digestion of the native protein. No component corresponding to the CL could be detected immunochemically or electrophoretically. Studies of isolated pepsin-labile (37 degrees C) and pepsin-stable (55 degrees C) CL fragments demonstrated the marked susceptibility of the carboxyl-terminal half of the light chain to proteolysis by the leukocyte-derived neutral proteases. Incubation with ELP of three other kappa Bence Jones proteins and three reduced-alkylated lambda Bence Jones proteins resulted, in each case, in the formation of a homogeneous component which was electrophoretically and immunochemically distinct from the pepsin-derived VL fragment. An identical component could also be formed by incubating a pepsin-derived VL fragment with ELP. In the ELP-treated samples, no CL-related material was detected electrophoretically or immunochemically with antisera possessing specificity for CL antigenic determinants present on the unfolded light polypeptide chain or on the isolated CL. The component formed by ELP or CLP treatment of certain Bence Jones proteins thus appears to be VL-related, but lacks the idiotypic antigenic determinant present on the native protein. In this respect, these neutral protease-derived light chain components are similar to the amyloid-like VL fragments generated in vitro from certain endopeptidase-treated Bence Jones proteins.

Bence Jones Protein↗
PubMed1975

The radiological presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in children.

The children in this study had evidence of severe pulmonary disease when they were first radiographed. More than one segment, lobe or even lung was frequently involved and more than one type of lesion was often present in a patient. The right lung was more often affected. Segmental consolidation was common. Cavitary disease was particularly evident in children less than 3 years of age and many had extrapulmonary dissemination. Pleural effusions, calcification, and the acinar opacities of bronchogenic spread, were common in older children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts.

Two cases of cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tree in Black patients are described. Both patients presented with extremely short histories of abdominal pain, and one patient had an associated jaundice. Biliary tree pathology was confirmed by physical examination and biochemical investigation in one patient while in the second patient cystic dilatation of the biliary tree was an incidental finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The aspect of trauma in the bone changes of congenital lues.

A prospective study of 112 children with syphilis showed changes more typical of trauma in 35 children than the usual radiographic findings ascribed to congenital lues. No similar changes were present in a control group. 'Battering' as such seems to be excluded, but the survey suggests luetic bones are more fragile, and part of luetic bone disease is traumatic in origin.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1975

Bence Jones proteins and light chains of immunoglobulins. XI. A transient Bence Jones-related protein associated with corticosteroid therapy.

Urine specimens from patients with multiple myeloma and Bence Jones proteinuria frequently contain low molecular weight proteins which correspond either to the amino-terminal, variant half (VL) or to the carboxyl-terminal, constant half (CL) of the Bence Jones protein. Analyses of urine specimens from such patients who had received high doses of corticosteroids as part of their treatment regimen revealed that concomitantly with a decrease in Bence Jones protein excretion was the appearance of a low molecular weight protein related to the Bence Jones protein but not identical to the VL or to the CL. Analyses of daily urine specimens obtained from one such patient over an extended time period revealed that a reproducible chain of events occurred during a treatment regimen which included oral administration of 75 mg of prednisone daily for 7 consecutive days. The amount of Bence Jones protein excreted decreased progressively, and by the 5th day was usually less than 10% of the pretreatment value. The urine specimen obtained on the 6th day of treatment was virtually devoid of Bence Jones protein but contained a newly appearing protein whose electrophoretic mobility was distinct from that of the Bence Jones protein or its VL or CL. Cessation of corticosteroid therapy resulted in a prompt disappearance of the new protein and in a progressive increase in the amount of Bence Jones protein excreted. The new protein was isolated from the urine of this patient and was purified for comparative studies with Bence Jones protein and with the VL and CL prepared by specific enzymatic cleavage of the Bence Jones protein. These studies revealed that the new protein was most related antigenically to the CL, but could be distinguished immunochemically from the CL. This new protein, a component found in vivo related to the constant half of the light polypeptide chain, was designated CL, and was structurally 25 amino acid residues longer than the CL, that is, the amino-terminus of the enzymatically prepared CL was at position 117 whereas that of the transitory new Bence Jones-related protein was at position 92 of the light polypeptide chain. Biosynthetic studies were performed with plasma cells derived from the bone marrow of this patient at a time when both the CL and the Bence Jones protein were being excreted; both proteins were identified in extracellular culture fluid by immunochemical techniques. Whether the CL is of synthetic or catabolic origin is presently not known; however, the detection of the CL and the absence of any detectable protein related to the VL in the extracellular culture fluid might imply a synthetic origin of the CL and suggest a corticosteroid-induced alteration in light chain synthesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗