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Biomedical subjects

A Solomon

Publications and source records attributed to A Solomon.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Decreased immunoglobulin production by a human lymphoid cell line following melphalan treatment.

The effect of melphalan on immunoglobulin G (IgG) production by a human lymphoblastoid cell line (BF) was studied. The amount of secreted IgG and the percentage of cells containing cytoplasmic IgG were measured by immunoassay and cytofluorometry, respectively. Dose-response studied indicated that melphalan concentrations of 2 X 10(-8) M had no effect, while concentrations of 8 X 10(-7) M were totally toxic, after 72-hr exposures to the drug. Statistically significant, persistent, alterations in both synthesis and secretion of IgG by BF cells were observed following treatment for 72 hr with 4 X 10(-7) M melphalan, and there was an increase in population-doubling time from 24 to 72 hr in these drug-treated cells. The percentage of IgG-containing cells in melphalan-treated cultures was significantly decreased as compared to control cultures. IgG secretion was also decreased in these cultures, and the variation in IgG secretion as a function of cellular growth was significantly altered following melphalan treatment. Decreased IgG production following melphalan treatment may be related to altered cell cycle kinetics. Based on immunological analysis, there was no evident alteration in the IgG secreted by melphalan-treated cells, nor did melphalan treatment produce a cellular population lacking IgG entirely.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Immunoglobulin-sulfated polysaccharide interactions. Binding of agaropectin and heparin by human IgG proteins.

The interaction of immunoglobulins with certain acidic polysaccharides was demonstrated by the binding of the sulfated glycans agaropectin and heparin by certain human IgG proteins. Heparin-binding IgG proteins can distinguish between the molecular forms of heparin derived from porcine intestine, bovine lung, and rat skin. The major specificity of these proteins is for native and certain high molecular weight subunit components of rat skin heparin. The interactions with multi-chain and single chain rat skin heparin are stable under physiological conditions and involve the Fab and, more specifically, the Fv region of the IgG molecule. These reactions occur as a result of an electrostatic interaction between cationic sites on certain IgG proteins and anionic sulfate resides of agaropectin or heparin. The characteristics of heparin-IgG interaction resemble those of heparin with other plasma proteins, the interactions of which have biological significance.

Agar↗
PubMed1981

Radiological manifestations of ritual-enema-induced colitis.

Most South African urban Blacks consult witchdoctors. In order to effect cures the witchdoctors often use enemas containing various ingredients. These enemas may result in complications, some of which may be fatal. The radiological manifestations of ritual-enema-induced colitis are described. The acute radiological abnormalities include segmental toxic dilatation, necrotising colitis, pseudopolypoid formation, ulcer formation, penetration and perforation. The chronic manifestations are loss of bowel calibre, skip stricture formation, diffuse stricture formation and loss of the normal haustral pattern. The spectrum of radiological appearances is both wide and kaleidoscopic, and may mimic many other colonic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

CT findings in partial eventration of the right diaphragm.

Elevation of the anterior part of the right diaphragm results in the spurious radiological appearance of a mass at the right lung base. Standard chest views are usually sufficient to show the true nature of the "mass." Occasionally, however, a true mass lesion cannot be entirely excluded, and further studies are then required. Two such cases are described and in both the computed tomographic findings clearly showed the anterior part of the liver to be situated under the elevated diaphragm. This elevation of the anterior part of the liver results in tilting of the organ with the posterior part remaining in its normal position below the nonelevated part of the diaphragm. The anterior and posterior parts of the liver are therefore not shown on the same tomographic planes but are found to lie at different levels.

Diaphragmatic Eventration↗
PubMed1980

Hiatus hernia in Johannesburg blacks.

With westernization of diet and lifestyle among South African Blacks, particularly urban dwellers, hitherto unknown gastro-intestinal diseases are becoming evident. Previously unreported is hiatus hernia, now a definite disease entity, although still very uncommon. At Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, over 17 months in 1977-1978, 46 patients with hiatus hernia were detected from barium meal examinations on 1392 persons, i.e. 3,3%, or 0,07% of total hospital admissions of adults. The disease affected mainly middle-aged and elderly women. Prevalences of obesity, comparative physical inactivity and hypertension appeared commoner than in the general urban adult population. Just as appendicitis is a marker of westernization in young urban Blacks, hiatus hernia may be regarded as a marker in the middle-aged and elderly.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Computed tomographic assessment of adrenal masses.

Clinical and biochemical information together with good spatial resolution by CT offers final assessment of certain adrenal masses even when their size is 1-2 cm. Moderate sized tumours, i.e. up to 8 cm in size are amenable to accurate definition by CT. In some situations it is the final diagnostic modality of adrenal tumours. Tumour recurrence or deposition in the adrenal area is accurately followed by performing sequential scans. Extension and dissemination of neoplasms beyond the confines of the suprarenal can now be defined more readily by CT. Lipid and blood content of adrenal tumours gives low density areas which can mistakenly be assessed as 'cystic' lesions. Large tumours in the area frequently require additional clinical, biochemical and radiological investigation before diagnostic solution is achieved.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Self-association of human immunoglobulin kappa I light chains: role of the third hypervariable region.

Gel electrophoresis and molecular sieve chromatography were used to compare 17 different human kappa I type Bence Jones proteins including 5 for which the amino acid sequence is known. Although electrophoresis in the presence of NaDodSO4 showed uniformity of covalent dimer and monomer molecular weights, Sephadex chromatography under nondissociating conditions showed that monomers eluted with different apparent molecular weights. These differences were attributed to heterogeneity in light chain self-association; dimerization constants of the 17 proteins, calculated from a computer simulation of their behavior upon gel filtration, ranged from less than 10(3) to greater than 10(6) M-1. The variable region, more specifically the third hypervariable region, appears to be responsible for the variation in the dimerization constant. Association properties of light chains of known sequence suggest that the presence of an aromatic or hydrophobic residue at position 96 enhances dimer formation whereas a charged residue at that position results in light chains remaining stable monomers. The location of hypervariable residue 96 within the amino-terminal portion of the joining segment of the variable region suggests that the joining region may account for the variability of self-association of light chains and, moreover, that it has a function in determining the selective association of immunoglobulin polypeptide chains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Amiodarone keratopathy.

6 cardiac patients were found to present various degrees of corneal involvement following systemic treatment with amiodarone. The clinical pattern of the keratopathy, its benign course and the pathophysiology are discussed. Lacrimal insufficiency or incomplete blinking seem to contribute to the severity of the keratopathy.

Adolescent↗