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Biomedical subjects

A Smadja

Publications and source records attributed to A Smadja.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[The extemporaneous examination: the decisive step in the surgical strategy in breast lesions].

Research into breast diseases is developing in all directions. In particular, there has been great progress in the fields of cytology, radiology, isotope studies, thermography and ultrasonography. The diversity of these methods reflects the complexity of the diagnosis. No one method is infallible. We therefore consider that the frozen section examination should be an integral part of a breast surgery. It should be the decisive step in the operative strategy, as breast surgery is associated with important consequences: re-operation is always difficult and a radical operation is irreversible. Frozen section examination can reduce these risks.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1983

[Reabsorption of amniotic fluid through parietal fetal membranes. A hypothesis based on an ultrastructure study].

Recent investigations have shown that the link between water transport and solute transport in epithelia is made possible by subcellular structure build on a striking geometrical plan, namely, long and narrow dead end channels. The most striking feature of our electron microscopic study of the amnion as well as the chorionic cytotrophoblast, was the demonstration of the existence of intercellular channels running between the lateral sides of the cells with typical junctional complexes sealing their proximal ends; thus they constitute long and narrow dead-end channels. In the amnion, these channels open through the basal lamina into the connective tissue, and in the chorionic cytotrophoblast they open in the direction of the decidua. This situation seems to indicate that fluid emerges from the open mouth of the amniotic intercellular channels and then continues to flow into the channels of the cytotrophoblast, across its podocytic processes, to be dumped into the decidua, and finally drained by maternal decidual vessels. This morphological study suggests that parietal fetal membranes might be an important route for transport of solute and fluid from the liquor amnii into the maternal circulation.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

["Vestigial cells" of the transitional area of the uterine-cervix. Comparative morphological study with the subcylindrical-reserve-cells (author's transl)].

The squamo-cylindrical junction represents a transitional area of unstable epithelium. It consists of slightly differentiated cells which disclosed resemblance in morphological pattern with germinal cells of the basal layer in the exocervical squamous epithelium. These unstable cells, according to the authors, may be derived from the cranial, most cephalic extend of the sinusal vaginal plate which had formed the epithelium of the entire vagina and the vaginal portion of the cervix up to the squamo-columnar junction. Ultrastructural analysis disclosed no similarities between cells of the squamo-columnar junction and subcylindrical reserve cells which exhibited sometimes resemblance to the "mesenchymal cells" found within the surrounding stroma.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1981

The basement membrane in the carcinoma in situ of the cervix: a morphological study.

A morphological study of the basement membrane in the carcinoma in situ of the cervix has been carried out. Undifferentiated carcinoma in situ that arises usually from the squamocolumnar junction and which extends into the endocervical canal, always shows a continuous and clearly delineated basement membrane, which runs parallel to the basal layer. It has a homogeneous appearance. The hemidesmosomes attached to the lamina propria are quite normal and there are no slender protrusions from basal cells into the lamina propria. Differentiated carcinoma in situ, that originates in the squamous epithelium of the portio, may extend either in the direction of vagina, or towards the endocervical canal. It is always underlined by a basement membrane loosely constituted of irregular of fragmented reticular fibers; it frequently looses its homogeneous appearance and may be dehiscent or duplicated. Basal cells send down small pseudopods or threadlike extensions into the lamina propria. The authors suggest that in the management of carcinoma in situ of the cervix, one should take into consideration the direction of spread and the stroma-invasion potential of the carcinoma. These histologic patterns carry with them a very important morphologic implication, namely 'cells differentiation' of the carcinoma.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1981

A hypothesis on the origin of the subcylindrical reserve cells of the endocervix.

The structural features of subcylindrical reserve cells of the endocervix are presented. Reserve cells varied in shape. They were randomly oriented and most had a bean-like or spindle shape. Some were loosely apposed with no desmosomes while others were separated by an intercellular matrix. Their nuclei were oval or fusiform, with a prominent nucleolus. Coarse chromatin plaques are distributed irregularly within the nuclei, and surface membrane showed cytoplasmic projections. Within the connective tissue, close to the basal membrane, could be found cells that showed the same structural features; some of them were partially enveloped by amorphous ground substance and collagen, and had small processes extending from the cell surface in the direction of the epithelial layer. Ultrastructural analysis of these cells disclosed some similarities with fibroblasts in the surrounding stroma, and suggested that they were primitive mesenchymal cells originating from Müllerian mesenchyme.

Cell Nucleolus↗
PubMed1981

Electron microscopic study of intercellular canalicular systems in the parietal fetal membranes.

An electron microscopic study of the amnion and the chorionic cytotrophoblast has demonstrated the existence of intercellular channels running between the lateral sides of the cells with typical junctional complexes sealing their proximal ends. In the amnion these channels open through the basal lamina into the connective tissue, and in the chorionic cytotrophoblast they open in the direction of the decidua. This situation seems to indicate that fluid emerges from the open mouth of the amniotic intercellular channels and then continues to flow into the channels of the cytotrophoblast, across its podocytic processes, to be discharged into the decidua, and finally drained by maternal decidual vessels. This morphological study suggests that parietal fetal membranes might be an important route for transport of solute and fluid from the amniotic fluid to the maternal circulation.

Amnion↗
PubMed1980

Fetal membrane morphology and circulation of the liquor amnii.

Morphological study of the human fetal membranes (at the term of pregnancy) shows that under the amniochorion lies the chorionic cytophoblast, which completely surrounds the amniotic cavity. Chorionic cytotrophoblast as well as parietal decidua persist until full term and remain well-developed. Within trophoblastic cells there are numerous canalicular formations bordered by microvilli resembling those observed between amniotic cells. The authors therefore believe that the circulation of amniotic fluid, after traversing the amnion, will continue through the intercellular canaliculi of the chorionic cytotrophoblast to reach the decidua parietalis. All the components of this complex membrane must play a part in the amniotic fluid circulation.

Amnion↗
PubMed1980

Significance of carbon monoxide pulmonary partial ductances and transbronchial lung biopsies during evolution of interstitial lung diseases.

Among 80 patients with suspicion of interstitial lung disease (ILD), we studied the significance of carbon monoxide (CO) partial ductances with special reference to arterio-alveolar partial ductances (DuaCO), for diagnosis and follow-up of 63 of them. The results of DuaCO were compared to histologic and radiologic data, in 40 patients with abnormal X-ray findings (interstitial lesions) and in 23 patients with normal X-ray findings. In patients with abnormal X-ray findings there is a statistical correlation between decrement of DuaCO and existence of histologic interstitial lesions (p < 0.001). In patients with normal X-ray findings but a risk of interstitial injury, there is also a statistical relation between alteration of DuaCO and existence of histologic interstitial lesions (p < 0.02). DuaCO seems to be closely linked to trophicity of the pulmonary interstitium and is proposed as a functional index to follow up ILD.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1978

[The histogenetic significance of dysplastic lesions of the cervix (author's transl)].

From the morphological studies that they have carried out the authors describe dysplasias of the cervix of the uterus as a collection of lesions developed from the vestigial cells which are situated at the endo-exocervical junction. The embryological origin of this junction is the sinus. These dysplasias consist of cells with basophil cytoplasm with edges that are not sharp. These form streams which run from the external os of the cervix towards the endocervix, where they replace and disturb the cylindrical epithelium wherever they meet it. These lesions may take on two forms: regular or irregular according to the degree of nucleo-cytoplasmic disharmony. The slow and insidious evolution of these lesions must be distinguished from dystrophic endocervical lesions which are caused by a disturbance in the nutrition of the tissues, which itself is of hormonal or inflammatory origin, and from exocervical lesions which, in common with all lesions of the malpighian mucosa, can undergo atypical scarring.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1978

[The dynamics of the amniotic fluid].

Morphological study of the ovular membranes showing that under the amnion, until term, there persists perfectly live and active chorial cytotrophoblast covered by a well vascularised and developed parietal decidua. Under the electron microscopy, the apical pole of the amniotic cells as well as their intercellular space are bordered by microvilli. Their basal pole has squat pedicels. The chorion which supports the amnion is avascular. The surface of the cytotrophoblast opposite the chorio-amnion is raised by numerous protuberances in the form of pedicels. The trophoblast is also furrowed by intercellular canals bordered by microvilli and reinforced by desmosomes. Two cellular appearances may be distinguished in the trophoblast: elements similar to the syncytial type with the characteristics of steroid cells and elements of a Langhans type which may play a role in protein synthesis. The decidual cells, in a quinconcial perivascular arrangement, are rich in pinocytotic vesicles. Thus whilst it is undeniable that the foetus plays a certain role in the dynamics of the amniotic fluid by swallowing and urinary excretion, these phenomena are minimal in relation to exchanges through the ovular membranes. Transamniotic passage is the first stage in movement of the fluid. The chorion, by virtue of its plexiform, areolar structure forms the next stop. From the chorion, the circulation continues through the intercellular canals of the trophoblast and the amniotic fluid is thus brought into the well vascularised parietal decidua. In addition to this extracellular circulation, the authors fell that there exists an intracellular passage by uptake and secretion, as evidenced by the high degree of pinocytosis within the cells.

Amnion↗