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Biomedical subjects

A Sierra

Publications and source records attributed to A Sierra.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Apoptosis in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Programmed cell death (apoptosis) may play a role in tumor development and progression. The importance of apoptosis dysregulations in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and its relationships with p53 mutations and expression of bcl-2 has received little attention in the literature. In a series of 58 DCIS patients, we evaluated the number of apoptotic cells by the TUNEL technique in subgroups of DCIS and correlated it with immunohistochemical expression of hormone receptors, c-erbB-2, p53, bcl-2, and Ki-67 (MIB-1) and DNA content measured by image cytometry. High apoptotic index (greater than 3%) was related to high tumor grade, negative hormone receptors, c-erbB-2 overexpression, aneuploidy and lack of bcl-2 immunohistochemical stain. Apoptosis was not related to p53 or proliferative index. The findings are similar to those found in infiltrating breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro susceptibility of 545 isolates of Candida spp. to four antifungal agents.

The in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole of 545 Candida strains from patients treated at the University Hospital of the Canaries was determined by means of a microdilution test. The distribution of the species was as follows: Candida albicans (342), Candida tropicalis (70), Candida glabrata (68), Candida parapsilosis (65). Of Candida albicans isolates, 8.5% and 7.6% showed resistance to itraconazole and fluconazole respectively. Of C. tropicalis isolates 34.3%, 27.1% and 2.9% were resistant to itraconazole, fluconazole and ketaconazole respectively. For C. glabrata, 10.3% and 4.4% of the isolates under study demonstrated resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole respectively. Only 4.6% and 1.5% of C. parapsilosis isolates demonstrated resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole respectively. C. tropicalis was the most resistant strain and C. parapsilosis the most sensitive. The greatest percentages of resistance in vitro were seen with the triazoles.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Candida glabrata: in vitro susceptibility of 84 isolates to eight antifungal agents.

The in vitro susceptibility of 84 isolates of Candida glabrata from patients treated at the University Hospital of the Canary islands to eight antifungal agents (amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, miconazole, clotrimazole, tioconazole and econazole) has been studied using the broth dilution micro-method. Among the eight antifungal agents tested, the smaller geometric mean corresponded to tioconazole, econazole, clotrimazole and miconazole. In contrast with fluconazole, a greater geometric mean has been achieved. All the C. glabrata isolates tested were sensitive to concentrations of 3.125 micrograms/ml of clotrimazole and miconazole, 6.25 micrograms/ml of amphotericin and ketoconazole. Concentrations of 12.5 micrograms/ml were needed to obtain 100% inhibition of isolates for econazole and tioconazole and concentrations of 25 and 50 micrograms/ml, respectively for itraconazole and fluconazole. Among our C. glabrata isolates, 2.4% were found to be resistant to amphotericin B. For fluconazole and itraconazole, 19.1% and 7.9% of isolates, respectively, were resistant. With reference to imidazoles, we obtained 2.4% and 3.6% resistance for tioconazole and econazole, respectively. No isolates were found to be resistant to ketoconazole, miconazole and clotrimazole. The results have shown a high activity of amphotericin B and itraconazole, observing a similar response with the five imidazole antifungals tested. The highest rate of resistance was found when fluconazole was used.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Breast cancer: value of various examinations in the diagnosis of the primary lesion].

Breast physical examination which is enormous help in clinical diagnosis of cancer of the breast is not useful in the diagnosis of early lesions. We analized in this study different complementary examinations we do for the diagnosis of the cancer of the breast. Mammography, though maintaining a 5-7% false negative results is the examination of choice of the breast. Not with standing its simplicity, its contribution with respect to breast and neoplastic biology makes it a useful investigation. The diagnosis obtained through mammography in non palpable tumors permit the use of conservative therapeutic techniques at the same time allowing improvement in curation and survival rates when we deal preferently with Stage I cancer. It is still necessary in our means an information-sensibilization of the female population about breast autoexamination and the need for early specialized medical consultation. Any abnormal breast sign should alert us that more than 2.5 months delay would suppose a difference from a T1 to a T2 tumor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Follow-up of breast cancer: review of 750 cases after 5 years].

Recurrence of breast cancer can present in very small tumors even 20 years after initial treatment. Periodic revision of all the operated population during a long time will be necessary to detect all the recurrences. For this the cost-benefit relation of follow-up in breast cancer is a controversial topic. We present our results in 750 cases of breast cancer operated from 1980 and submitted to a follow-up protocol during five years. We analyzed the value of follow-up for the discovery of metastases, local recurrence after conservative treatment and after mastectomy. Finally we considered the usefulness of early diagnosis of familial breast cancer and cancer in the contralateral breast. Metastases was discovered in asymptomatic patients in 68%, which could improve the survival. Recurrence after mastectomy was seen in 1.3% of the patient and a half of these after treatment presented survival superior to 3 years. Follow-up favours early diagnosis and could have influence on survival.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of 2,060 strains of different bacteria isolated in infectious processes in children].

Susceptibility to antibiotics of 2060 strains of the following bacteria was studied: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus that were isolated in 1978-79 from different infections in children hospitalized at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico. The antimicrobials submitted to the test of susceptibility were: ampicillin, amikacin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Present results are compared with previous studies.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗