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Biomedical subjects

A Shohtsu

Publications and source records attributed to A Shohtsu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Four cases of Warthin's tumor of the parotid gland detected with FDG PET.

In the cancer screening with FDG PET for 1,872 medical health club members, high FDG accumulation in the parotid gland was found in four males (age, 57-70 years). Warthin's tumor was confirmed by surgical pathology. The exact mechanism of high FDG accumulation in Warthin's tumor is not yet known. This tumor may be found incidentally during FDG PET studies. When high FDG accumulation is found in the parotid gland, integrated consideration of the results of the physical examination, medical history and 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy makes it possible to differentiate Warthin's tumor from other lesions.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1998

Primary colorectal cancers detected with PET.

Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose can sensitively detect cancers of increased glucose metabolism. We describe three asymptomatic individuals who were found to have colorectal cancer and underwent potentially curative surgery. On the PET images, lesions were easily discernible. Our experience and the experience of others suggest that primary colorectal cancer can be detected with PET in a resectable stage. Our three cases are presented and the potential utility of PET is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Chronic thyroiditis: diffuse uptake of FDG at PET.

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and clinical importance of diffuse 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) uptake in the thyroid gland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,102 healthy subjects underwent whole-body positron emission tomography (PET). PET images were evaluated for increased diffuse FDG uptake in the thyroid gland. Serum free thyroxine and thyrotropin levels were measured in 36 subjects with increased uptake and in 36 matched control subjects without uptake. Antithyroid antibodies were also measured. Morphologic abnormalities were examined by using ultrasonography (US). RESULTS: Diffuse FDG uptake was found in three men and 33 women; the prevalence was significantly higher in women (P < .01). Thirty-five subjects were euthyroid; one had hypothyroidism. Antithyroid antibodies were positive in 27 subjects. In most subjects, US findings facilitated the diagnosis of chronic thyroiditis. In control subjects, the positive rates for antithyroid antibodies and US abnormalities were significantly lower than those of the study group (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Diffuse thyroidal FDG uptake may be an indicator of chronic thyroiditis. The actual prevalence of the disorder was not low in this series, and such lesions may be found incidentally at FDG PET.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Colorectal cancer recurrence in the liver: detection by PET.

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been successfully used in the imaging of various cancers. In this retrospective study, we examined clinical utility of PET in the imaging of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. Results of PET were compared with those of ultrasonography (US) and contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CT) in 11 liver metastases seen in eight patients with recurrent colorectal cancer. The detection rates were 73% (8 of 11 metastases) by US, 73% (8 of 11 metastases) by CT, and 82% (9 of 11 metastases) by PET. PET correctly identified US-negative and CT-negative liver metastases. However, PET was negative in one patient with minute metastases. The findings in our preliminary study were in agreement with those of previous reports. A prospective study is warranted to determine the optimum role of PET in the management of patients with colorectal liver metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Factors influencing physiological FDG uptake in the intestine.

The intestine is a well-known site of physiological 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation in positron emission tomography (PET). To identify factors influencing physiological FDG uptake in the intestine, the intensity of FDG uptake was evaluated in a total of 1,068 healthy adults. Non-attenuation-corrected whole-body PET images were obtained for all subjects and visually evaluated. Subjects were then classified into two groups according to the intensity of intestinal FDG uptake. Sex, age, presence or absence of constipation, and serum glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and free fatty acid levels were compared between the two groups. High intestinal FDG uptake was observed at an overall rate of 11.0%. Sex (female), age, and bowel condition (constipation) were found to affect intestinal FDG uptake. The factors we identified lead to further questions regarding the relationship between intestinal motility and glucose uptake that warrant further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Colonic adenoma detected by positron emission tomography (PET): a case report.

A 61-year-old asymptomatic woman underwent whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose and was found to have a lesion in the ascending colon. Further colonic examination was not performed due to her medical condition. One year later, the lesion was demonstrated again by PET. After the second PET study, she underwent colonoscopy, which revealed a pedunculated polyp in the ascending colon. A polypectomy was performed. Histopathological study showed a 1.8-cm adenoma with mild to moderate atypia. The findings in our case suggest that increased glucose metabolism can be depicted by PET in colonic adenoma as well as in primary colonic carcinoma. Although the differentiation between colonic adenoma and carcinoma can not be determined by PET, adenomas are considered to have potential for malignant transformation and thus need to be resected. Therefore, it is noteworthy that PET can be used in the detection of adenomas.

Adenomatous Polyps↗
PubMed1996

Effect of MCI-186 on postischemic reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart.

MCI-186 (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) is a newly developed antioxidant which has been shown to reduce brain edema in cerebral ischemia through inhibition of the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid. However, its effect on myocardial reperfusion injury after prolonged ischemia has not yet been demonstrated. We compared the mode of the effect of MIC-186 and recombinant human CuZn superoxide dismutase (rh-SOD) in isolated perfused rat hearts subjected to 60-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), necrotic area and the release of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and endogenous CuZn superoxide dismutase (endoge-SOD) were measured to evaluate myocardial damage. The decrease in left coronary flow (CBF) was measured as an index of the damage of left coronary circulation. MCI-186 (14.5 mg/L) was perfused for 10 min in the MCI group and rh-SOD (70 mg/L) was perfused during the reperfusion period in the SOD group starting 5 min prior to reperfusion. The release patterns of CPK and endoge-SOD were analyzed to elucidate the difference in the mode of protection of MCI-186 and rh-SOD. The LVDP remained higher in both MCI and SOD groups than that of control (76 +/- 1, 77 +/- 2 and 69 +/- 1% of preischemic value, respectively). The necrotic area was significantly attenuated in both MCI and SOD groups compared with that in the control group (16 +/- 1, 14 +/- 1 and 32 +/- 1%, respectively, p < 0.05). Total CPK release was lower in both MCI and SOD groups than in the control (78 +/- 7, 100 +/- 2 and 116 +/- 4 x 10(3) units/g myocardium respectively). The decrease in CPK release was more marked in the MCI group than that in the SOD group (p < 0.05). The reduction in CBF was significantly attenuated by the treatment with rh-SOD or MCI-186, but the effect was much higher in the SOD group than in the MCI group (69 +/- 5, 58 +/- 2, and 48 +/- 2% in SOD, MCI and control groups, respectively). The release pattern of endoge-SOD was identical to that of CPK and thus this did not distinguish the mode of effect of MCI-186 from that of rh-SOD. These results indicate that MCI-186 reduces reperfusion injury in isolated perfused hearts with prolonged ischemia and the effect is more closely related to the reduction of myocyte damage than the preservation of the coronary circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Cancer detection with whole-body FDG PET images without attenuation correction].

Whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) has been applied successfully for the detection of cancer. In PET studies, transmission scans for attenuation correction are usually performed. In whole-body PET studies, however, the transmission scans lengthen the acquisition time and are not practical for routine clinical use. Thirty-two patients underwent whole-body PET studies with transmission scans. A total of 106 lesions were true positive on corrected images. At the same time that the corrected images were being reconstructed, uncorrected images were also reconstructed and visually inspected. In a patient with a large breast cancer (11 cm in diameter), the parasternal metastatic lymph node was not identified on the uncorrected image because of image artifacts produced by high FDG accumulation in the breast cancer. In a patient with recurrent colonic cancer, paraaortic metastatic lymph nodes were not well visualized because of attenuation effects. However, 104 out of 106 (98.1%) lesions were recognizable on uncorrected images as well as corrected images. This suggests that uncorrected images can be used for the detection of cancers.

Adult↗