Prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
A Shibata
Publications and source records attributed to A Shibata.
Unique responses of differentiating neuronal growth cones to inhibitory cues presented by oligodendrocytes.
During central nervous system development, neurons differentiate distinct axonal and dendritic processes whose outgrowth is influenced by environmental cues. Given the known intrinsic differences between axons and dendrites and that little is known about the response of dendrites to inhibitory cues, we tested the hypothesis that outgrowth of differentiating axons and dendrites of hippocampal neurons is differentially influenced by inhibitory environmental cues. A sensitive growth cone behavior assay was used to assess responses of differentiating axonal and dendritic growth cones to oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte- derived, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). We report that >90% of axonal growth cones collapsed after contact with oligodendrocytes. None of the encounters between differentiating, MAP-2 positive dendritic growth cones and oligodendrocytes resulted in growth cone collapse. The insensitivity of differentiating dendritic growth cones appears to be acquired since they develop from minor processes whose growth cones are inhibited (nearly 70% collapse) by contact with oligodendrocytes. Recombinant MAG(rMAG)-coated beads caused collapse of 72% of axonal growth cones but only 29% of differentiating dendritic growth cones. Unlike their response to contact with oligodendrocytes, few growth cones of minor processes were inhibited by rMAG-coated beads (20% collapsed). These results reveal the capability of differentiating growth cones of the same neuron to partition the complex molecular terrain they navigate by generating unique responses to particular inhibitory environmental cues.
Animals↗
Mesh plug repair for a small incisional hernia in a cirrhotic patient with ascites: report of a case.
We report herein the case of a patient with severe liver ascites due to cirrhosis in whom a small incisional hernia on a midline incision was successfully treated by a mesh plug repair, a method most commonly employed for groin hernia repair. The hernia sac was dissected and inverted into the abdominal cavity by the mesh plug under epidural anesthesia. The patient's recovery was quick and relatively painless, and there has been no recurrence after 1 year of followup. This case report demonstrates that the method of mesh plug repair may be appropriate for small incisional hernias as well as groin hernias, performed under epidural anesthesia.
Ascites↗
CD2 loss and CD8 expression by Epstein-Barr virus-associated NK leukemia cells in culture.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Effects of nifedipine on contraction by Mn2+ in Ca2+-free, high-K+ medium in ileal longitudinal muscle.
1. The tension development due to 5 mM Mn2+ in Ca2+-free medium was dependent on the external K+ concentration above 35 mM in ileal muscle. 2. Nifedipine, an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, dose dependently inhibited both the contraction and the manganese uptake by the application of 5 mM Mn2+ in the Ca2+-free, 35-60 mM K+ medium. 3. These results suggest that Mn2+ is entering through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels depending on ileal membrane depolarization, and it directly activates the contractile protein.
Animals↗
Exercise-induced abnormal blood pressure responses are related to subendocardial ischemia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
OBJECTIVES: We examined by thallium-201 scintigraphy whether exercise-induced abnormal blood pressure response (BPR) is related to myocardial ischemia. BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic instabilities during exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are considered to be caused by abnormal reflex control of vascular resistance. METHODS: In 105 patients with HCM, exercise thallium scintigraphy was performed by means of a multistage, symptom-limited bicycle ergometer exercise test. RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients had normal BPR (> or = 25 mm Hg from baseline to peak exercise), and 17 had abnormal BPR (<25 mm Hg). Clinical characteristics including age, the prevalence of obstruction, New York Heart Association functional class and echocardiographic measurements were similar between the two groups. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly higher in patients with abnormal BPR than in those with normal BPR (18+/-8 vs. 14+/-5 mm Hg, p < 0.05). Exercise-induced perfusion abnormalities including fixed and reversible perfusion defects, and left ventricular cavity dilatation (LVCD) were identified in 72 (69%) of 105 study patients. Left ventricular cavity dilatation indicates subendocardial hypoperfusion and is a marker of diffuse subendocardial ischemia. The prevalence of fixed or reversible perfusion defects was similar between the two groups. Patients with abnormal BPR had the higher prevalence of LVCD as compared to those with normal BPR (47.1 vs. 10%, p < 0.0002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that LVCD was independently associated with abnormal BPR (odds ratio 3.76, 95% confidence interval 1.61 to 8.76). CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-induced abnormal BPRs in patients with HCM are related to subendocardial ischemia during exercise.
Adolescent↗
Nucleotide specificity at the boundary and size requirement of the target sites recognized by human centromere protein B (CENP-B) in vitro.
Human centromere protein B (CENP-B) has a sequence-specific DNA binding activity. We previously reported several CENP-B binding motifs by analysing synthetic oligonucleotides as well as alphoid DNA isolated from the human genomic library. Here, we examined the size requirement and nucleotide specificity of human CENP-B binding sequences in vitro. We synthesized three sets of mixed oligonucleotides containing diverged authentic binding sites (CTTCGTTGGAAACGGGA) in which certain pairs of nucleotides (underlined) were degenerated. Each oligonucleotide with a defined sequence was separately introduced into a plasmid and mixed with GST-fused recombinant CENP-B. The DNA-protein complex formed was affinity purified with glutathione Sepharose. Any nucleotide substitutions at the positions 1, 2 and 17 did not significantly influence the recovery, while the substitutions at positions 3, 4 and 16 did, suggesting that the internal 14-bp motif (TCGTTGGAAACGGG) constituted the minimum requirement. However, it showed a lower affinity to CENP-B, compared with the authentic motif. The inclusion of T at the 5' end greatly increased the affinity, and the further addition of A or T at the 3' end (TTCGTTGGAAACGGGA/T) offered affinity similar to the authentic motif. The first nucleotide of the 17-bp authentic binding motif may not be essential for CENP-B binding.
Autoantigens↗
Relationship of 31P MR spectroscopy to the histopathological grading of chronic hepatitis and response to therapy.
PURPOSE: In vivo phosphorus-31 MR spectroscopy (31P MRS) was performed in the human liver in order to investigate the relation between: the ratios of phosphorus metabolites in the liver; the histopathological grading of chronic hepatitis; and the response to therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hepatic 31P MRS using the DRESS method (depth-resolved surface-coil spectroscopy) was carried out in 45 patients with chronic viral hepatitis or autoimmune hepatitis, and in 16 control subjects. We measured the ratios of the peak areas of phosphomonoesters (PME), inorganic phosphate (Pi), or phosphodiesters (PDE) to the peak area of beta-adenosine triphosphate (ATP). RESULTS: The PDE/ATP ratio of patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis was lower than that of control subjects (liver cirrhosis = 0.74; chronic active hepatitis = 1.13-1.21; normal = 1.43); only a small difference was found in the PME/ATP and Pi/ATP ratios. There was no correlation between the spectra and histopathological grading or response to therapy, but the response to therapy was poor when a reduced PDE/ATP ratio was present. CONCLUSION: The PDE/ATP ratio measured by 31P MRS makes it possible to identify the transition of chronic active hepatitis into liver cirrhosis with a poor response to therapy.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Case report: Steatonecrosis in the upper abdomen following transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma.
A 66-year-old female with liver cirrhosis was treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for a small hepatocellular carcinoma. She developed steatonecrosis with tenderness which occurred in the upper abdomen after TAE. The hepatic falciform artery from the middle hepatic artery was detected by arteriography. Necrosis in the upper abdomen was considered to be due to ischaemic changes caused by micromaterials for embolization of this artery, injuries of hepatic arterial endothelia slowly caused by carcinostatics, and chemotoxicity. It was considered that such complication as observed in this patient should be taken into consideration when performing TAE.
Aged↗
Successful slow pathway ablation in a patient with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia having a proximal common pathway.
Radiofrequency catheter ablation was attempted in a patient with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). AVNRT was easily inducible but an intermittent loss of the atrial activation was observed during AVNRT suggesting the presence of a proximal common pathway. During sinus rhythm, a relatively delayed activation that was compatible with a slow potential, was recorded anterior to the ostium of coronary sinus, and radiofrequency catheter ablation application (20 watts) to the site induced junction tachycardia. After an additional radiofrequency catheter ablation application to close the site, AVNRT became noninducible without deterioration of atrioventricular conduction through a fast pathway. This is the first case in which radiofrequency catheter ablation application to the slow potential recording site has been successful, even in AVNRT having a proximal common pathway.
Aged↗
Frequency dependent shortening of conduction time through the reentrant pathway during transient entrainment of ventricular tachycardia.
In a patient with nonischemic ventricular tachycardia (VT), VT was entrained and the conduction time from the pacing site to the entrained local electrogram showed a rate dependent shortening and its degree affected by the pacing site. The QRS complex, which was entrained by the last pacing stimulus, was constant and identical to that of VT and no rate dependent facilitated conduction was observed when the heart was paced at similar paced cycle lengths during sinus rhythm. As the mechanism of the shortening of the conduction time through the reentrant circuit, a shift of the entrance seems most likely.
Aged↗
The role of NeuroD as a differentiation factor in the mammalian retina.
NeuroD, a vertebrate homolog of Drosophila atonal gene, plays an important role in the differentiation of neuronal precursors (Lee et al., 1995). We have investigated whether NeuroD subserves a similar function in mammalian retinal neurogenesis. Expression of NeuroD is detected in successive stages of retinal neurogenesis and is associated with a differentiating population of retinal cells. The association of NeuroD predominantly with postmitotic precursors in early as well as late neurogenesis suggests that NeuroD expression plays an important role in the terminal differentiation of retinal neurons. The notion is supported by observations that overexpression of NeuroD during late neurogenesis promotes premature differentiation of late-born neurons, rod photoreceptors, and bipolar cells, and that NeuroD can interact specifically with the E-box element in the proximal promoter of the phenotype-specific gene, opsin.
Animals↗
The c-Fes family of protein-tyrosine kinases.
The human c-fes protooncogene encodes a protein-tyrosine kinase (c-Fes) distinct from c-Src, c-Abl and other nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. Although originally identified as the cellular homolog of several transforming retroviral oncoproteins, Fes was later found to exhibit strong expression in myeloid hematopoietic cells and to play a direct role in their differentiation. Recent work has shown that Fes exhibits a more widespread expression pattern in both developing and adult tissues, suggesting a general physiological function for this kinase and its closely related homolog, Fer. This review highlights the unique aspects of Fes structure, regulation, and function that set it apart from other tyrosine kinase families.
Animals↗
A case-control study on male hepatocellular carcinoma based on hospital and community controls.
A case control study on male primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and hepatitis B or C virus and some potential risk factors, e.g. blood transfusion, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) genotype and drinking habits, was performed using two controls, i.e. a hospital control(HC) and a community control(CC) in Fukuoka and Saga Prefectures. Cases were obtained from the Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University Hospital. The HCs were obtained from inpatients of two general hospitals in Kurume and the CCs were randomly sampled from the Kurume citizens being matched with age and sex to each case. Based on the HCs, odds ratios(ORs) of developing male HCC were statistically significant due to HBsAg or anti-HCV antibody positive status. Some discrepancies were observed between the two controls, i.e. higher proportions of past histories of diabetes or hypertension, of ALDH2 typical homozygote(ALDH2(1)/ALDH2(1)), and of heavy drinkers among the HCs, suggesting slight deviation of the HCs from the CCs in alcohol related aspects. Although ORs regarding accumulated amount of alcohol intake by age 40 based on the HCs were insignificant, two of the three corresponding ORs based on the CCs were statistically significant. Judging from alcohol related aspects between the two controls, the ORs for alcohol based on the HCs seems to be underestimated.
Adult↗
Polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene in diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy.
Recently, deletion (D)/insertion (I) polymorphism in the Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been suggested to be related to the development of diabetic nephropathy in type I diabetes mellitus. This hypothesis, however, remains controversial. Differences in clinical states between patients, especially in glycemic control or duration of diabetes, could be responsible for these contradictory results. In this study we examined the relationship between D/I polymorphism of the ACE gene and diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetic patients who had already developed proliferative retinopathy (n = 45), and were thought to have been in a hyperglycemic state for long enough to develop microangiopathy. The patients were divided into two subgroups: 24 with nephropathy (albumin excretion rate: AER > or = 20 micrograms/min) and 21 without (AER < 20 micrograms/min). There was no difference in the duration of diabetes, HbA1c levels or average blood pressure over the previous year between these subgroups and other clinical characteristics were comparable. Patients without nephropathy exhibited allele I more often than those with nephropathy (p = .025). AER was lowest in genotype II and highest in genotype DD patients but the difference was not statistically significant (p = .07). From these findings, it was concluded that genotype II for the ACE gene could be a marker for reduced risk of diabetic nephropathy.
Case-Control Studies↗
Effect of pirarubicin for elderly patients with malignant lymphoma.
To determine the effect of a chemotherapy regimen containing pirarubicin, a multicenter clinical trial was performed in naive patients > or = 65 years with malignant lymphoma, between January 1990 and December 1992. The total number of patients was 37 (median age 74.2 years). One of three different types of chemotherapy regimens, which was administered every 3 to 5 weeks, was chosen for each patient at random. Regimen A (THP-COP) included pirarubicin (30 mg/m2; day 1), cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2; day 1), vincristine (1 mg/m2; day 1) and prednisolone (30 mg/m2; days 1-5), regimen B, modified "CHOP", included doxorubicin (30 mg/m2; day 1), cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2; day 1) vincristine (1 mg/m2; day 1) and prednisolone (30 mg/m2; days 1-5); regimen C (THP-COPE) included etoposide (80 mg/m2; day 1) in addition to regimen A. The complete response (CR) rate was 60.0%, 45.5% and 62.5% with regimen A, B and C. The partial response (PR) rate with regimen A was 20.0%, 18.2% with B and 25.0% with C. The 50% survival period with regimen A was more than 1,000 days, with C 643 days but it was only 365 days with B. The adverse effects related to these treatments occurred more frequently in regimen B than A and C showing a statistically significant difference. We concluded that chemotherapy regimens containing pirarubicin are useful and safe for the elderly patients with malignant lymphoma.
Aged↗
[Lazy-leukocyte syndrome].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
[Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Granulomatous Disease, Chronic↗