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Biomedical subjects

A Shah

Publications and source records attributed to A Shah.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Constrictive pericarditis in procainamide-induced lupus erythematosus syndrome.

A rare case of constrictive pericarditis in procainamide-induced lupus erythematosus syndrome is reported. After 6 months of procainamids therapy fever, pleuritic chest pain, arthralgia and muscle soreness developed in a 47 year old man. These symptoms were soon followed by the onset of acute pericarditis and rapidly accumulating massive pericardial effusion. After withdrawal of procainamide therapy and administration of corticosteroids in large doses, there was marked subjective improvement and rapid reduction in pericardial effusion. However, constrictive pericarditis with massive leg edema and ascites developed 6 weeks after admission as corticosteroid therapy was gradually discontinued. These manifestations subsided after pericardiectomy was performed.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

The diagnosis or ventricular tachycardia with ventriculo-atrial conduction.

A 57 year old man developed recurrent tachycardia with QRS complexes of 0.13 second in duration at a rate of 140 beats per minute. Inverted P waves appeared to follow each QRS complex in the electrocardiographic leads II, III and aVF. The differentiation between ventricular tachycardia with1 : 1 V-A conduction and supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant ventricular conduction was difficult to make from the surface electrocardiogram. This differentiation is important for selection of appropriate therapy. The diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia with 1 : 1 V-A conduction was clearly established in this case on simultaneous recording of surface electrocardiogram, His bundle electrogram and high right atrial electrogram.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term effects of raloxifene on bone mineral density, bone turnover, and serum lipid levels in early postmenopausal women: three-year data from 2 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: In postmenopausal women, raloxifene hydrochloride has favorable effects on bone and lipid metabolism and does not stimulate reproductive tissues. The studies reported herein evaluated the long-term (3-year) effects of raloxifene treatment on bone mineral density (BMD), serum lipid levels, and drug tolerability in healthy postmenopausal women. METHODS: A total of 1145 healthy European and North American postmenopausal women aged 45 through 60 years were enrolled in 2 parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of identical design and randomly assigned to receive raloxifene hydrochloride, 30, 60, or 150 mg, or placebo daily; all groups received 400 to 600 mg of elemental calcium. Assessments included measurements for BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, markers of bone turnover, and serum lipid levels. RESULTS: Lumbar spine BMD changed from baseline to 36 months as follows: placebo (mean percentage change + SE), -1. 32% +0.22%; raloxifene, 30 mg, 0.71% +0.23%; raloxifene, 60 mg, 1. 28% +0.23%; and raloxifene, 150 mg, 1.20% +0.24%. Comparable BMD changes were observed in the hip and total body. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were suppressed by raloxifene to normal premenopausal ranges through 3 years. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced 7% to 12% below baseline through 3 years. Study withdrawals due to any reason (37%) and withdrawals due to adverse events (14%) were not different among groups. The only significant adverse effect of therapy was hot flashes (25% in the 60-mg raloxifene group vs 18% in the placebo group); hot flashes were typically reported as mild and were not associated with study withdrawal (1.7% for 60-mg raloxifene vs 2.4% for placebo). CONCLUSIONS: Raloxifene preserves BMD at important skeletal sites, lowers serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and has a tolerability profile comparable to placebo. These results indicate a favorable benefit-risk profile of raloxifene for long-term use in healthy postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:3444-3450.

Bone Density↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optimization of contrast delivery for pulmonary CT angiography.

Pulmonary CT angiography is becoming an increasingly important tool for diagnosing Pulmonary Emboli. An important aspect in optimizing the quality of these studies is achieving maximum levels of enhancement of the pulmonary arteries. In this study we reviewed the current literature to see if there was any standardization of protocols to achieve this purpose, and found that there was no consensus. Using well described techniques for determining blood flow we were able to demonstrate the proper time delays to achieve the highest levels of enhancement. As contrast flows into the pulmonary arteries, the degree of enhancement rapidly reaches a plateau phase. This is then followed by a recirculation phase where enhancement starts to increase again. The proper time delays between scan time and start of contrast infusion should allow for enhancement to be within this recirculation phase. An experimental model was developed to demonstrate the principles.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparation and characterization of microcapsules of water-soluble pesticide monocrotophos using polyurethane as carrier material.

Microencapsulation of the water soluble pesticide monocrotophos (MCR), using polyurethane (PU) as the carrier polymer, has been developed using two types of steric stabilizers, namely PLMA macrodiol and PLMA-g-PEO graft copolymer. The microencapsulation process is carried out in non-aqueous medium and at a moderate temperature to avoid any chemical degradation of monocrotophos during the encapsulation process. Microcapsules were characterized by optical microscopy and SEM for particle size and morphology, respectively. The effects of loading of MCR, crosslinking density of PU, and nature of steric stabilizer on the release of MCR from PU microcapsules have been studied.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytokine and adhesion molecule expression in primary human endothelial cells stimulated with fever-range hyperthermia.

Migration of blood-borne lymphocytes into lymphoid tissues and sites of inflammation is initiated by vascular adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. Previous in vivo studies have shown that febrile temperatures dynamically stimulate adhesion in differentiated high endothelial venules (HEV), which are portals for lymphocyte extravasation. This report examines the direct effect of fever-range hyperthermia on the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines by primary cultured endothelial cells. In both macrovascular (HUVEC) and microvascular (HMVEC) endothelial cells, fever-range hyperthermia (40 degrees C for 6-12 h) did not affect expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, E-selectin, VCAM-1, P-selectin, PECAM-1, PNAd, MAdCAM-1), cytokine release (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-11, IL-12, IL-13), or chemokine secretion (IL-8, RANTES, MCP-1, MIP-1beta, MIG). This is in contrast to the stimulatory effects of TNF-alpha or 43 degrees C heat shock. However, a novel role for fever-range hyperthermia was identified in augmenting actin polymerization in cultured endothelial cells and enhancing the ability of endothelial-derived factors to transactivate the alpha4beta7 integrin lymphocyte homing receptor. These findings provide insight into the tightly regulated effects of fever-range hyperthermia that exclude induction of adhesion in non-activated endothelium of normal blood vessels. Through these mechanisms, it is proposed that febrile temperatures associated with infection or clinical hyperthermia avoid the unproductive exodus of lymphocytes to non-involved extralymphoid tissues while simultaneously promoting lymphocyte delivery to sites of immune activation.

Actins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving functions in leprotic hands.

PURPOSE: In the developed countries there is a shift in the rehabilitation strategy from community based services to work site based services for the disabled. Leprosy disabled are more at a disadvantage that many of them have not had the benefit of disability prevention activities and harbour such hand deformities for which the only solution is community based rehabilitation. METHOD/RESULTS: Of the various modalities of rehabilitation the authors consider one for this article suitable for work site based rehabilitation as the Modulan grip-aids. CONCLUSION: Essential components of the material and its uses are described with examples.

Equipment Design↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of excision of left ventricular scars on the electrocardiogram.

The effects of resection of post-ischemic ventricular scars on the electrocardiogram have been studied in 29 patients. No change occurred in atrial rhythm, P wave morphology, and A-V conduction. Fascicular blocks developed postoperatively in five patients. These were attributed to surgical trauma. Changes in mean frontal plane QRS axis were noted in 25 of 29 patients. There was no correlation between postoperative shifts in QRS axis and preoperative QRS axis, calculated scar size, or ventricular end-diastolic volume. No significant postoperative change was observed in Q waves or S-T segment deviation. It is concluded that electrocardiographic changes following scar resection occur randomly in a minority of patients. The presence of several unquantified factors makes it difficult to evaluate the post-resection electrocardiogram.

Cardiac Volume↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metastatic myocardial abscess due to group F streptococci.

Remote myocardial infarction in a 60-year-old, blind diabetic man, was complicated by suppuration within the old fibrotic area by a group F streptococcus. Osteomyelitis of the fifth (right) metatarsal bone served as the primary focus. A review of the literature uncovered no findings which could help to predict the onset of abscess formation within a myocardial infarction. Although this complication occurs rarely, the entity should be kept in mind in patients with infarcts and a remote source of infection.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modified Woodward procedure for Sprengel deformity of the shoulder: long-term results.

Sprengel deformity of the shoulder is characterized by elevation and medial rotation of the inferior pole of the scapula. Surgical treatment is recommended in significantly involved patients to improve cosmetic appearance and function of the involved shoulder. We report long-term results of a Woodward procedure modified by excision of the prominent superomedial border of the scapula for correction of this deformity in 15 patients. Preoperatively, the total abduction of the shoulder averaged 115 degrees, and on follow-up the abduction had improved to an average of 150 degrees. In all patients except one, there was marked improvement in appearance as assessed on Cavendish scale. All patients except two had achieved skeletal maturity at the last follow-up. Eighty-six percent of patients expressed satisfaction with operative results. Our data support the concept that correction achieved by a modified Woodward procedure is not altered by growth and is maintained beyond skeletal maturity.

Adolescent↗