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Biomedical subjects

A Schwan

Publications and source records attributed to A Schwan.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A comparison between a commercial coagglutination test and conventional throat culture for the detection of group A streptococci in throat swabs.

A co-agglutination test (Phadirect Strep A) for rapid detection of group A streptococci in throat swabs was compared with conventional throat culture in 264 patients with pharyngotonsillitis and fever. The test was easy to perform and proved to have a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity. The predictive value of a positive test will be high also when the prevalence of streptococcal disease is low.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1984

Relapsing Clostridium difficile enterocolitis cured by rectal infusion of normal faeces.

Repeated recurrence of Clostridium difficile-associated enterocolitis is uncommon but troublesome for the afflicted patient. The patient described here received vancomycin treatment several times but always had a relapse of C. difficile enterocolitis 2-3 weeks after discontinuation of treatment. She did not form serum antibodies to C. difficile cytotoxin (toxin B). Rectal infusion of enemas prepared from fresh faeces resulted in final cure.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effects of contraceptive vaginal ring treatment on vaginal bacteriology and cytology.

The presence of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeasts and mycoplasma/ureaplasma was investigated in seventeen women before and after six months use of a contraceptive vaginal ring releasing levo-Norgestrel and estradiol and in 16 women using an oral contraceptive containing levo-Norgestrel and ethinylestradiol. Apart from an increase in yeasts in both groups, no significant changes in the vaginal bacteriology could be found. Vaginal smears were examined before and during treatment for up to two years in a group of 120 women participating in a clinical trial of the contraceptive vaginal ring. No changes in the squamous epithelium or cylinder cells were found. The amount of leucocytes increased in the smears. The results indicate that use of the contraceptive vaginal ring does not affect the bacterial ecology of the vagina. The increase in leucocytes indicates a weak inflammatory reaction which might explain the increase in vaginal discharge often observed by women using the contraceptive vaginal ring.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

Immune response to Bacteroides fragilis in experimentally infected rabbits.

Experimental Bacteroides fragilis infections in rabbits were produced by injecting 10(9)-10(10) organisms into subcutaneously implanted steel-net tissue cages. Four B. fragilis type strains with divergent antigenic set-up were used. Viable counts in the cage contents reached a steady state at 10(7)-10(9) within 2-3 weeks. Bacteria coated with immunoglobulin were demonstrated in the pus. The antibody response in serum, followed with indirect immunofluorescence and detected within 7-10 days, was dominated by IgG; IgM antibodies were also involved but to a lesser degree. Serum antibody levels were not significantly influenced by infecting dose or strain, variations in viable counts or antibiotic therapy. Antibody response was directed against heat-stable as well as heat-labile antigens. Non-homogeneous staining, i.e. positive fluorescence of some of the cells in the preparation with the remaining cells negative, was found with heterologous and homologous cells and was found to be related to heat-labile antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Significant of positive bacterial cultures from aortic aneurysms.

Samples for bacteriological examination were obtained from the aneurysm wall of 85 patients subjected to abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy. Twelve patients (14%) had positive cultures. A total of 13 bacterial strains were isolated, the majority of which were present in only small numbers and were regarded as contaminants. One patient developed a graft infection due to ischemic necrosis of the sigmoid colon. During the follow-up period no further graft infection was noted in patients with positive or negative aortic cultures. It is concluded that the aneurysm wall itself does not represent an important source of early or late graft infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fecal bacterial flora of four nordic population groups with diverse incidence of large bowel cancer.

Fecal samples were collected and biologically examined from 4 population groups, exhibiting a 3-fold range in colon cancer incidence, in Denmark and Finland. Carrier rates and counts per gram feces of several aerobic as well as anaerobic genera, including nuclear dehydrogenase-producing clostridia, were calculated. The results obtained with the described method did not confirm a relationship between colon cancer incidence and carrier rates of intestinal bacteria.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1982

Demonstration of heat-labile antigen(s) of Bacteroides fragilis associated with non-homogeneous immunofluorescent staining.

Rabbit hyperimmune sera against nine Bacteroides fragilis strains were tested in indirect immunofluorescence against homologous and heterologous formalin and heat-treated bacterial cells. Strain-specific heat-stable and heat-labile antigens were demonstrated as well as many cross-reactive ones. Besides these findings a striking non-homogeneous fluorescence was noted, inasmuch as varying numbers of the bacterial cells were stained while others were not. Results of absorption experiments indicated that the reactive antigens were heat-labile. Non-homogeneous fluorescence was also demonstrated with sera from patients with clinically significant Bacteroides fragilis infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The aerobic and anaerobic microflora of the gastric remnant more than 15 years after Billroth II resection.

The bacteriology of the gastric remnant contents was examined in 150 patients 15-20 years after Billroth II resection for duodenal ulcer disease. Samples of gastric contents were aspirated through a gastroscope, and aerobic and anaerobic microflora were cultured and analyzed semiquantitatively. All patients but one had bacterial growth, with a mean number of 6.8 strains per remnant. One third of the bacterial strains were anaerobic, and many of them had their normal habitat in the colon. The role played by bacteria of the gastric remnant in the etiology of mucosal pathology and gastric remnant disease is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

IgG antibodies against anaerobic bacteria in blood donor sera.

Fifty-six blood donor sera were examined by indirect immunofluorescence for IgG antibodies to a selection of anaerobic bacterial strains, often isolated from wound cultures. Another 25 sera were examined by IgG antibodies to six NCTC Bacteroides strains. A wide range of IgG antibody titres were found against Fusobacterium, Clostridium, and anaerobic streptococcal species. Very low titres were found against the Bacteroides strains. It is suggested that the testing of a single serum specimen for IgG antibodies against a representative collection of Bacteroides fragilis strains could be helpful in verifying a clinical suspicion of infection with these organisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The clinical importance of anaerobic bacteria in wound infections after gastrointestinal surgery.

Wound cultures from 54 patients with infections after gastrointestinal surgery were examined. Cultures from wounds after surgery on the upper gastrointestinal tract grew few organisms, mainly aerobic gram-positive cocci. Culture from wounds on the lower gastrointestinal tract grew strains of bacteria, aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative rods dominating. Indirect immunofluorescence studies on acute and convalescent phase sera showed significant immune response against Bacteroides fragilis in a majority of cases. Immune response against anaerobic cocci was seldom found. Very high antibody titres against Clostridium perfringens were often found, both in patients' and control sera.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Antibody response in thirteen patients with Bacteroides fragilis infections.

13 patients with Bacteroides fragilis infections were studied for antibody response against the infecting strain using indirect immunofluorescence (IFL), passive hemagglutination (HA) and tube agglutination (TA). With indirect IFL significant titre changes in IgG were found in 12/13 cases, in IgA in 8/13 and in IgM in 4/13 cases. With passive HA significant titre changes were found in 11/13 cases and with TA in 6/11 cases. The rise in antibody titre was fast and persisted for a long time in most cases. Of the methods used the indirect IFL was the most convenient for clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The possible role of anaerobic bacteria in the aetiology of non-gonococcal urethritis in men.

Men with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) were divided into two groups and treated with either lymecycline or tinidazole; anaerobic cultures were performed before and after treatment. Neither treatment affected the anaerobic flora. However, the men treated with lymecycline were relieved of symptoms and signs, while those treated with tinidazole were not. The anaerobic bacteria found are considered normal inhabitants of the urethral tract and without significance in the aetiology of NGU.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Airborne contamination and postoperative infection after total hip replacement.

The results of 163 hip replacements at the Uppsala University Hospital are presented. Deep infection occurred in ten cases and was caused by Staphylococcus aureus in four early or intermediate infections and by anaerobes in four late infections. The remaining two infections (both of which were late) were probably associated with Staphylococcus albus--in one case possibly also with alpha streptococci. Two superficial infections not affecting the operative result were caused by Staphylococcus aureus and betahaemolytic streptococci. The results of environmental analyses of staphylococci and the total number of bacteria in the air during 77 operations did not indicate that airborne infection is a major cause of postoperative infections--there was no difference between the number of bacteria found in the air during operations after which infection occurred and uninfected operations, and the use of special zonal ventilation with high rates of air exchange in the operating area had no effect on the infection frequency.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in chronic suppurative otitis media. A quantitative study.

The aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of middle ear exudate (MEE) of 47 consecutive patients with chronic suppurative otitis media were studied using a quantitative bacteriological technique under strictly anaerobic conditions. Specimens from the external auditory canal (EAC) and the nasopharynx (NP) were obtained in order to correlate the bacterial findings with those of the MEE. Aerobic bacteria were invariably present in the MEE, the predominant aerobic species being Pseudomonas, found in 32%. Anaerobic bacteria were found in 45%: most anaerobes (55%) were cocci, 33% were of the Bacteroides species. The flora of the MEE correlated well with the bacteriological findings in the EAC cultures. In contrast, most organisms isolated from the NP represented the normal skin flora or were common respiratory pathogens.

Adolescent↗