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Biomedical subjects

A Schulman

Publications and source records attributed to A Schulman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

In vitro tarnish of dental amalgams.

1. Tuccillo-Nielsen tarnish test in an effective screening device for dental amalgams. 2. The gamma phase appears to be more tarnish prone in conventional dental amalgams than gamma 1 phase. Although gamma 2 appeared to be tarnish prone, it was difficult to discriminate this phase because of the porosity in the amalgams. 3. The copper-rich phases are the most tarnish prone in high-copper amalgams. Gross examinations of amalgam from additive systems show spotty tarnish, whereas more uniform tarnish appearance is observed in amalgams from single-composition alloys. 4. The amalgams can be graded for in vitro tarnish performance in selected groups like the additive systems and the single-composition alloys.

Copper↗
PubMed1981

Radiological diagnosis of primary greater omental mass lesions.

Gastrocolic separation may be due to many causes including greater omental masses. This feature was noted in two patients with sarcomatous lesions and one with a haematoma of the greater omentum. This feature was not obvious in a fourth patient, with an omental tuberculous abscess who had had a partial gastrectomy. However, angiographic features in all patients were pathognomonic of an omental mass, but not necessarily of the cause of the mass.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

Subphrenic abscess: the radiological approach.

Subphrenic abscess will continually plague the post-laparotomy patient. The high mortality associated with these abscesses can be reduced by diagnosing and draining them early. In 42 patients with 55 subphrenic abscesses, the most important diagnostic modality proved to be conventional radiographs of the abdomen allowing 65% of the subphrenic abscesses to be detected. Other procedures were largely confirmatory in suspicious cases. Thus ultrasound is useful in right subphrenic suprahepatic abscesses while modified upper and lower gastrointestinal studies allow rapid diagnosis of extra-intestinal abscess gas or mass effect.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Pseudo-subphrenic abscess.

The presence of a subphrenic abscess can be established by its soft tissue mass effect especially when it contains gas. In the five patients presented here, gas-containing subphrenic abscesses were mimicked by air in loops of ileum; partially loculated air due to subphrenic adhesions in the post-laparotomy patient; layering of denser barium below with gastric content above in a patient with gastric outlet obstruction; and gas in the renal bed after nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Arteriovenous malformations of the gastrointestinal tract.

Congenital arteriovenous malformations of bowel occurring as solitary or multiple lesions may cause obscure gastrointestinal bleeding with negative radiological and endoscopic studies. These malformations may be missed at laparotomy and selective visceral angiography is essential for localisation and to assess is extent of the lesions. An immediate post-resection radiograph with barium injection into the arteries is recommended to assess the completeness of the resection before abdominal closure. There is a need, when discussing vascular malformations of the bowel, to distinguish the acquired degenerative colonic lesions from the congenital arteriovenous malformations which are more common in the small bowel.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Correlation between macroscopic porosity location and liquid metal pressure in centrifugal casting technique.

Radiographic analysis of uniform cylindrical castings fabricated by the centrifugal casting technique has revealed that the macroscopic porosity is dependent on the location of the sprue attachment to the casting. This is attributed to the significant pressure gradient associated with the centrifugal casting technique. The pressure gradient results in different heat transfer rates at portions of the castings near and away from the free surface of the button. Consequently, the macroscopic porosity is invariably at portions of the casting close to the free surface of the button. In addition, some optimized sprue-reservoir combinations could be predicted and proved, based on this pressure gradient concept.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

Penicillin G procaine: a possible cause of embryonic death in swine.

A field case involving seven recently inseminated Yorkshire sows injected with penicillin is described. About four hours after injection, the pigs showed shivering, incoordination, vomiting, extreme lassitude, pyrexia (41 degrees C) and to;al inappetence. In each case, a thick, white mucous discharge appeared from the vulva one to three days after injection, with distinct embryos in some cases. Further experiments on pregnant and fattening pigs indicated that untoward reactions to penicillin could arise in swine--in particular, embryonic death.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis consists histologically of a purely eosinophilic infiltration of small bowel and stomach walls. This is manifested radiologically in the small bowel as a thickening of the circular folds and wall without mucosal ulceration or any other local abnormality, either over much of its length or in a shorter segment. Many of the other causes of pure fold and wall thickening can be excluded by correlation with the clinical presentation so that this condition, although rare, should in the right clinical setting be considered by the radiologist. The typical clinical features consist of cramps, diarrhoea, distension, nausea and vomiting, either as a single subacute episode or with an intermittent history going back months or years, and frequently in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma or other allergic disorders. The eosinophilic infiltration may spare the mucosa in which case per-oral biopsy methods would give negative results. The only means of proving the diagnosis would then be by laparotomy to obtain a full thickness biopsy. However the radiological and clinical features, combined with a therapeutic trial of corticosteroids which rapidly reduce the clinical, radiological and haematological abnormalities, may be sufficient to avert this. The two cases described illustrate many of these features but in addition, unlike most other published cases, they showed neither radiologically visible gastric involvement nor peripheral blood eosinophilia.

Aged↗