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Biomedical subjects

A Schilling

Publications and source records attributed to A Schilling.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Alternating chemotherapy regimens for patients with metastatic breast cancer. A pilot study based on tumor marker kinetics. Cancer and Leukemia Group B.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy is most effective when applied during the biologically active stage of tumor cells. According to the authors' previous tumor marker kinetic study, methotrexate plus 5-fluorouracil (MF) was found to yield either a cytolytic effect in an MF-sensitive tumor cell population or a cytostatic effect in an MF-resistant population. In the latter, the suppressive effect was transient and the biologic activity resumed in one week after MF administration. METHODS: Based on this marker kinetic study, an alternating chemotherapy program was designed to study its antitumor and side effects. Methotrexate (M) (200 mg/m2) and 5-fluorouracil (F) (500 mg/m2) were administered intravenously on day 1 followed 24 hours later by leucovorin (L) (10 mg/m2 orally every 6 hours for 6 doses). Cyclophosphamide (C) 300 (mg/m2), doxorubicin (A) (50 mg/m2), and vincristine (V) (1 mg/m2) were given on day 8. The MFL/CAV was given every 4 weeks. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients with metastatic breast cancer were enrolled; 41 were eligible. There were 5 complete and 23 partial remissions, producing a total response rate of 68%. In 15 patients with liver metastases, the response rate was 73% and the median survival 13.7 months, results superior to those previously reported for this subgroup of patients. Side effects were manageable. CONCLUSIONS: This regimen, which can be given safely in an outpatient setting, yielded encouraging response and survival rates in patients with visceral-dominant disease with poor prognoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Nature of the vehicle solution for cryopreservation of human peripheral veins: preservation of reactivity to pharmacological stimuli.

Rings from human saphenous vein and its side branches were randomly distributed into three groups for investigations in vitro unfrozen and after storage for 2-8 weeks at -196 degrees C while suspended in media containing fetal calf serum (FCS) or Krebs-Henseleit (KH) solution as vehicles for the cryoprotecting agents (2.0 M Me2SO and 0.1 M sucrose). After thawing, the contractile responses to agonists such as noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and the thromboxane analogue U46619 were reduced by about 30-40%. Endothelium-independent relaxant responses to papaverine and the potassium channel activator bimakalim were well maintained and similar to untreated control tissues. The use of KH solution instead of FCS as the cryoprotectant vehicle did not negatively influence post-thaw functional recovery, suggesting that for optimal functional preservation of human venous smooth muscle the presence of FCS in the cryomedium is not required.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1995

Sexual responses to urinary chemosignals depend on photoperiod in a male primate.

In male lesser mouse lemurs, testicular size and plasma testosterone levels are controlled by photoperiodic variations but can be modified by urinary cues from conspecifics. To test whether urinary cues may have differential effects on testicular size and testosterone levels depending on the photoperiodic state of the receiver, isolated males were exposed for 4 wk to urinary cues from oestrous females or dominant males:--at the beginning of the breeding season induced by long photoperiod (LD),--during refractoriness to LD leading to spontaneous sexual regression and during sexual quiescence exhibited by males kept in short photoperiod (SD). Urinary chemosignals from females were always stimulatory producing significant increases in testosterone levels. By contrast, urinary cues from dominant males produced significant differential effects on reproductive function. They depressed sexual function only at the beginning of the breeding season. During SD or during refractoriness to LD, chemosignals were stimulatory leading to increases in testosterone levels and full development of testes. These results demonstrate that the same chemosignal may have opposite effect on sexual function of the receiver depending on endocrine mechanisms set up by photoperiod.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[MR tomography in autologous plastic repair of the anterior cruciate ligament: a comparison of 2 surgical methods].

UNLABELLED: The aim of this prospective MRI study was the analysis of the post-operative signals derived from two techniques for cruciate ligament reconstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Group 1 consisted of 15 patients who had undergone conventional plastic repair by patellar tendon transplant and group 2 was made up of 15 patients with arthroscopic reconstruction with semitendinosus grafts. They were examined at 6 weeks and 6 months post-operatively. RESULTS: Typical appearances of normal transplants were found in 19 patients. After 6 months 8 of the patellar tendon transplants and three of the semitendinosus transplants could not be clearly defined. At this time there was a significant increase in signal intensity in the middle third of the transplant in group 1. CONCLUSION: Bearing in mind the different operative techniques, there was a higher impingement rate in group 1. The post-operative MRI findings at 6 months after surgery allowed differentiation between pathological changes (impingement) and revascularisation (remodelling).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Early sacroiliitis in patients with spondyloarthropathy: evaluation with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging.

PURPOSE: To investigate the diagnostic value of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the detection of early sacroiliitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 125 patients with back pain, 72 had inflammatory back pain and had a diagnosis of spondylarthropathy; the other 53 patients had other mostly mechanical causes of back pain and served as the control group. The 72 patients with spondyloarthropathy were further subdivided into two groups according to established radiographic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. While group 2 patients (n = 36) with a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis had definite radiographic changes in the sacroiliac joints, group 1 patients (n = 36) with undifferentiated spondylarthropathy had no such findings. RESULTS: While no contrast enhancement was found in normal sacroiliac joints, significantly different degrees of enhancement (P < .05) related to the patients' degree of pain were clearly detected in both groups of patients with spondyloarthropathy. Contrary to the mostly normal findings with precontrast MR imaging and with radiography, dynamic MR imaging revealed small erosions (< 1 mm) in 47 (72%) of the 65 inflamed joints in group 1 and juxtaarticular osteitis in 53 (82%). CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced MR imaging allows detection of sacroiliitis in early stages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Choroid metastasis in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the cervix. A case report].

PURPOSE: Choroidal metastasis from other primaries than breast cancer or lung cancer is a rare event. There is no documented case in the literature of a choroid metastasis in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. PATIENT AND METHOD: The case of a pregnant 25-year-old woman with cervix carcinoma (stage FIGO Ib) is presented. Following abortion and radical surgery no additional treatment was performed. Two years later the patient developed the signs of retinal detachment and a partial visus lost in her left eye. A solitary choroidal metastasis in the left eye was diagnosed by an ophthalmologist. The additional CT of the lung showed pulmonary metastases. Histological examination of a biopsy revealed lung metastases from the cervix carcinoma. RESULTS: The choroid was irradiated up to a total dose of 40 Gy, 5 times a week with a single dose of 2 Gy. Then an additional chemotherapy was performed. Within the time of radiotherapy a relief of the symptom was obtained. Eight weeks after the end of radiotherapy there was no detectable tumor any more in the left eye (complete remission). CONCLUSIONS: The case illustrates the importance of rapidly responding to ophthalmologic complications in patients with cancer in general. Radiotherapy is a very effective treatment in reducing ophthalmologic symptoms in the case of choroidal metastases.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1994

Numerical abnormalities of chromosome 7 in human prostate cancer detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on paraffin-embedded tissue sections with centromere-specific DNA probes.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using chromosome-specific alpha-satellite DNA probes for chromosomes 7, 8, and 12 was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections and touch imprint preparations of 53 cases of human prostate cancer. Subsequent haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining of the hybridized tissue sections allowed unambiguous assignment of hybridization signals either to tumour or to non-tumorous parenchyma. Fifty-three cases of human prostate cancer were evaluated for numerical aberrations of chromosome 7. Scoring 200 cells of tumour and non-tumorous parenchyma in each case revealed abnormalities exclusively in tumour parenchyma in 41 cases (77 per cent). Ten of 41 cases (24 per cent) showed trisomy 7, and 15 cases (37 per cent) monosomy 7 or trisomy 7 in combination with monosomy 7, respectively. Sixteen cases (39 per cent) exhibited polysomy 7 in cells of the tumour parenchyma. In the tumour tissue in one case, different polyploid clones (triploid, tetraploid) and polysomy 7 could be identified by double hybridization with chromosome-specific DNA probes for chromosome 7, plus 8 or 12. The indicated numerical aberrations of chromosome 7 were correlated with 78 per cent of advanced pathological stages or poorly differentiated tumours (pT3/4 or G3) of prostate carcinomas. A statistical analysis of the data revealed significant relationships of particular numerical abnormalities of chromosome 7 to different pathological categories (pT, G, pN) of tumour classification. For the T-classification, the frequency of cells carrying polysomy 7 and polysomy 7/+7 increases significantly from pT1 to pT3/4 (P = 0.022).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Centromere↗
PubMed1994

[Rheumatoid arthritis of the hand. The initial results with 31-phosphorus MR spectroscopy].

The aim of this study was to demonstrate metabolic changes in the small joints of the hand due to rheumatoid arthritis by means of 31-phosphorus spectroscopy. Suitable measurements were developed and 11 normals and 12 patients were then examined during the course of treatment. Relative concentration of low energy phosphorus metabolites was increased in arthritic joints. The phospholipid quotient (phosphomonoester/phosphodiester) and the relationship of inorganic phosphate and beta-nucleoside triphosphate were significant factors during the course of individual treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Cervicitis--epidemiological and clinical risk for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in university students].

Fifty volunteer, asymptomatic sexually active university female students were examined and inquired, in order to find risk factors predictive of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Epidemiologic and behavioral factors (age, number of sexual partners, oral contraceptives use and history of previous sexually transmitted diseases) were found to be similar among the studied group and published data for North American female college students, but barrier contraceptive methods use was found to be different. Twenty two per cent of the sample had clinical cervicitis, and 30% had subclinical. If the screening models proposed by different authors would have been applied, between a 32% and 72% of the sample would have been selectively for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis. It is concluded that international sugerences about Chlamydia trachomatis screening should be adopted until national experiences are made.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Non-therapeutic cone: surgical or conservative management?].

Histological reports of 94 conization specimens with margins' involvement were reviewed. Macroscopically and histologically features of cones and subsequent hysterectomy specimens are described, (N = 70). Patients parity (4.1 vs 2.9 births), cone's height (16.8 mm vs. 21.4 mm) and endo-or exocervical location of margins involvement were found to be statistically different between groups with and without residual disease at hysterectomy, (p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). No predictable index was found at multiple variable analyses.

Adult↗