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Biomedical subjects

A Schattner

Publications and source records attributed to A Schattner.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Detection of cross reactive anti-DNA antibody idiotypes on tissue-bound immunoglobulins from skin biopsies of lupus patients.

Cross-reactive anti-DNA antibody idiotypes have been identified on tissue-bound immunoglobulins from skin biopsies of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). Four polyclonal and two monoclonal anti-idiotypic reagents were used to screen biopsies from 24 patients with SLE, 23 patients with DLE, and 15 other patients with IgM-positive skin biopsies. Up to 46% of the SLE patients and 30% of the DLE patients were found to share idiotypes present on immunoglobulins deposited at the dermal-epidermal junction. Inhibition studies in four patients indicated that the idiotypes were on anti-DNA antibodies. In contrast, none of the anti-idiotypic antibodies bound to any of the control biopsies. These findings imply that some tissue-bound autoantibodies are derived from related families of high-frequency germ-line genes that are expressed in both SLE and DLE.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1985

Shared idiotypes are expressed on mouse and human anti-DNA autoantibodies.

The expression of common idiotypes on human and mouse anti-DNA monoclonal autoantibodies made by hybridomas was examined by their competitive binding to anti-idiotype antibodies. Some murine autoantibodies inhibited the binding of a human anti-DNA autoantibody 16/6 to monoclonal or polyclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies. Another human antibody (134) was not inhibited in its binding to homologous anti-idiotypic antibodies. The expression of the human 16/6 idiotype on mouse antibodies was restricted to those that had a specificity similar to the 16/6 antibody itself, their major properties being that they reacted more strongly with single stranded DNA (ssDNA) than double stranded DNA (dsDNA). One mouse antibody expressing the 16/6 idiotype also bound weakly to RNA. The results imply structural similarities between the binding sites of the antibodies in the two species, and are consistent with evolutionary conservation of V genes coding for primitive ancestral antibodies that react with DNA and become diversified through somatic mutation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Temporal lobe meningioma masked by polymyalgia rheumatica.

An elderly woman who had a typical polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) syndrome, associated with severe headache, was considered to have giant cell arteritis despite negative temporal artery biopsies and was treated with corticosteroids. At autopsy, no arteritis, but a large temporal lobe meningioma, was found as the cause of her headache. Both PMR and meningiomas are frequent in elderly patients, and overlapping symptoms may occur. Patients with PMR and headache should be fully investigated to exclude an occult meningioma or other disease, especially when no positive histologic evidence of temporal arteritis can be obtained.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Kaposi's sarcoma in two lymphoma patients with hepatitis B and other infections.

Kaposi's sarcoma developed in two lymphoma patients previously treated by chemotherapy and chemoirradiation. The histologic picture in the two cases showed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with multifocal epithelioid histiocytic reaction. Both patients had Hepatitis-B surface antigen and other infections due to herpes and streptococcus. The European Jewish origin of the two patients, the previous chemotherapy, and their infective state tend to support more the hypothesis of predisposing factors in the occurrence of Kaposi's sarcoma than a coincidental association.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Intramuscular human interferon-beta injections in treatment of condylomata acuminata.

A two-part study was done to assess the value of human fibroblast interferon (IFN-beta) in the treatment of condylomata acuminata. The first part was an open study of different IFN-beta preparations, which showed that intramuscular injection was the most suitable mode of administration of IFN-beta. In the double-blind placebo section 22 patients were given injections of 2 X 10(6) units IFN-beta or placebo for 10 consecutive days and followed up for 3 months. In 9 of the 11 in the IFN-beta group and 2 in the placebo group lesions disappeared from about 5 weeks after completion of the course of injections. After 3 months 8 of the non-responders were given a course of IFN-beta and all responded to treatment. None of those who had responded has had a recurrence, the disease-free period now being 12 months. Changes in (2'-5')oligo A synthetase levels in white blood cells confirm that intramuscular injections of IFN-beta produce a systemic response.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1984

Interferon-induced cytotoxicity and (2'-5') oligo(A) synthetase activity in T cells. Differences in responsiveness among T cells from various individuals and among lymphoblastoid T-cell lines.

Peripheral blood T lymphocytes became cytotoxic toward Daudi lymphoblastoid cells when incubated in vitro with interferon (IFN). The degree and rate of response to IFN varied markedly from one blood donor to another. "Low responders," who reproducibly showed a slower response to IFN, as well as "high responders" could be identified. The rate of increase in (2'-5') oligo(A) synthetase activity in IFN-treated cells also varied and appeared to correlate to the rate of increase in cytotoxicity. Three lymphoblastoid T-cell lines (Molt 4, Peer, HPB-ALL) also became cytotoxic towards Daudi cells when incubated with IFN and in these cells too the rate of induction of cytotoxicity appeared to correlate to the rate of increase in (2'-5') oligo(A) synthetase activity. Differences in responsiveness of T cells to IFN-mediated cytotoxicity might, therefore, reflect differences in responsiveness to IFN in general. Thus, quantitation of these differences might yield useful information for assessing the dosage and frequency of IFN administration to patients undergoing therapy.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1984

(2'-5') Oligo A synthetase in human polymorphonuclear cells increased activity in interferon treatment and in viral infections.

The interferon (IFN)-induced enzyme 2-5A synthetase was found in human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNL). The average enzyme activity in a group of 15 patients with various viral infections was significantly higher (25-fold) than in healthy individuals. Eight patients with multiple sclerosis and six patients with bacterial infections were found to have normal 2-5A synthetase levels in the PMNL. Relationship of PMNL 2-5A synthetase levels to IFN was confirmed by finding enzyme increases in PMNL incubated in vitro with IFN, as well as in patients undergoing IFN therapy. These findings suggest that in PMNL, as in other cells, the level of 2-5A synthetase can be regulated by IFN and can be increased as a result of IFN information in diseases.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1984

Unusual dyslipoproteinemia in a patient with primary systemic amyloidosis and nephrotic syndrome. Role of excessive cholesterol synthesis.

We describe a patient with primary systemic amyloidosis, nephrotic syndrome and unusual dyslipoproteinemia. Levels of plasma cholesterol greater than 2,000 mg/dl and triglycerides greater than 3,000 mg/dl were observed. As much as 70% of the plasma cholesterol separated into abnormal very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) with cholesterol ester/triglyceride weight ratio of 0.7-1.0. Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were also elevated, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was low. Both LDL and HDL were triglyceride rich. Neither IDL nor LDL was detected after in vitro lipolysis of VLDL triglycerides (95%); hence, IDL and LDL were most probably secreted directly from liver cells. Treatment by weekly plasma exchange was instituted, and the progression of the amyloidosis was slowed. Endogenous cholesterol synthesis, estimated from increments of plasma cholesterol after exchange, was greater than 2,000 mg/dl. We conclude that the unusual dyslipoproteinemia observed in this patient represents a special type of nephrotic syndrome with remarkably enhanced endogenous cholesterol production.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1983

Rheumatoid factors in the sera of patient with gastrointestinal carcinoma.

One hundred and nineteen patients with gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy (80 colorectal, 25 gastric and 14 pancreatic carcinoma) were studied for rheumatoid factors (RF), antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and immunoglobulin levels and the findings correlated with size of tumor, stage of disease and survival. Twenty three (19.3%) of the patients were RF seropositive compared to 5.7% of 70 matched controls (P = 0.02). In two thirds of the seropositive patients RF were detected prior to the initiation of treatment. The proportion of RF seropositivity increased significantly in patients with tumors larger than 4 cm and in patients with Stage D disease. The authors found a high incidence of ANA in the patients: 32.4% compared to 8% in normal subjects (P less than 0.01), but the proportion of RF in this group was not significantly different. Survival distributions of the RF positive cases were different from that of the other patients (18 versus 25 months median survival); however, this was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that RF in GI cancer patients sera is not rare and can be related mainly to "tumor load," although not considerably affecting survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Involvement of interferon in virus-induced lymphopenia.

Intraperitoneal injection of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) into mice causes marked and rapid changes in leukocyte distribution. The virus induces an increase in peripheral blood (PB) granulocytes and an extensive decrease in the lymphocyte count which reaches a nadir of less than 10% of preinfection values, 12 hr after virus inoculation. In the lymph nodes and spleen extensive lymphocyte translocation and granulocyte infiltration are observed. Most changes abate 48 hr following virus inoculation. Injection of poly(rI):(rC) causes similar changes to those observed with VSV. The lymphocyte changes observed after injection of VSV or poly(rI):(rC) coincide with high levels of interferon (IFN) in the serum. We have examined the effects of anti-IFN antibody on those changes and investigated whether they can be mimicked by injecting IFN. Our findings suggest that the IFN induced by VSV or poly(rI):(rC), rather than those agents themselves, causes the observed lymphopenia as well as some of the changes observed in the spleen. On the other hand, the effects of VSV on granulocyte localization do not appear to be mediated by IFN.

Adrenalectomy↗