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Biomedical subjects

A Saxena

Publications and source records attributed to A Saxena.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Echocardiographic identification of infradiaphragmatic total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage--a report of 2 cases.

Two neonates with infradiaphragmatic type of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage are reported in whom complete diagnosis was obtained by cross sectional (2D) echocardiography with Doppler and color flow mapping. Visualisation of a dilated venous channel draining into the portal venous system and separate from inferior vena cava and descending aorta in the subcostal view indicates infradiaphragmatic site of drainage of pulmonary veins in a patient with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Doppler and color flow imaging help in defining the direction of blood flow and presence of turbulence in the common venous channel.

Echocardiography, Doppler↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anatomic dissection of the tibialis posterior muscle and its correlation to medial tibial stress syndrome.

The authors attempt to redefine the anatomic origin of the tibialis posterior muscle, and correlate it with the location of medial tibial stress syndrome that occurs in the lower third of the tibia. Contrary to what is commonly described, the authors show on all ten dissected specimens, that the origin of the tibialis posterior does include a portion of the lower third of the tibia. The mean distance from tibialis posterior's origin to the medial malleolus was only 7.77 cm. In addition, to further explain lower leg pain, the authors investigated the crossing point of tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus; a mean distance for this to occur in the same ten specimens was 8.16 cm. proximal to the medial malleolus. These findings provide insight to anatomic reasons behind biomechanical factors responsible for medial tibial stress syndrome. This is also important to consider when performing surgery for a deep compartment syndrome.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New radiographic angle to assess intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

The authors' describe a new radiographic angle, the calcaneal compression angle, to assess intra-articular calcaneus fractures. Pre- and postreduction values of eight subjects sustaining intra-articular calcaneus fractures using the new angle were compared to Boehler's angle values. A higher percentage of immediate postreduction value of the calcaneal compression angle was retained when compared to Boehler's angle. The new angle may be more beneficial for evaluating these type of calcaneal fractures and their subsequent reduction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of raised portal venous pressure on blood pressure, urine output and body fluids.

Acute rise of portal venous pressure resulted in a fall of blood pressure and subsequent anuria which could be either due to the state of shock or may be reflex in origin. There also occurred an increase in extra-cellular fluid volume with an initial increase in both plasma volume and interstitial fluid volume. Subsequently the extra-cellular fluid volume remained at a high steady value whereas the plasma volume increased at the expense of interstitial fluid volume which decreased. It is further postulated that the rise of extra-cellular fluid volume is due to the shift of fluid from intra-cellular compartment of the extra-cellular compartment, as a defence mechanism to combat the state of shock.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Late rhythm abnormalities after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot: noninvasive and invasive evaluation.

Twenty five patients aged 6 to 35 years (mean +/- SD: 14.2 +/- 7.1 years), surgically corrected for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) more than one year ago, were assessed for rhythm abnormalities by resting electrocardiogram (ECG), twenty-four hours ambulatory ECG monitoring, signal averaged ECG and electrophysiological studies. An X-ray chest for assessing heart size, two dimensional and Doppler echocardiography for residual defects and radionuclide angiography for resting left ventricular ejection fraction were also done. Eight out of 25 (32%) patients were found to have significant rhythm abnormalities. Ventricular arrhythmias were detected in four patients. In two, ventricular tachycardia was induced during electrophysiologic studies, being sustained in one. Multiform ventricular ectopics were observed in two other patients. All these patients were operated, after the age of 10 years, and three of them are presently more than 20 years old. Cardiomegaly was present in the chest X-ray in three patients, and significant residual pulmonary stenosis was seen in one patient. Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in two, while signal averaged ECG was positive in one of the three cases subjected to this investigation. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) was observed in three patients. This was diagnosed by ambulatory ECG monitoring in all but in addition, was also inducible in one patient on electrophysiologic testing. There was no correlation of the occurrence of SVT with age or age at correction for TOF. None of these patients had any residual defect, cardiomegaly or subnormal left ventricular ejection fraction. Transient complete heart block requiring temporary pacing was documented in one patient with a large residual ventricular septal defect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital left ventricular inflow obstructions--an echocardiographic study.

Thirty nine consecutive cases of congenital left ventricular inflow obstructions (LVIO) diagnosed by two dimensional and Doppler echocardiography are described. The commonest referral diagnosis was severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Confirmation by cardiac catheterisation and/or surgery was available in twenty one of these cases. The ages ranged from one month to 15 years (mean 3.8 +/- 4.5 years) and 28 were males. Four types of LVIO were defined: i) Congenital mitral stenosis (22 cases). Ventricular septal defect was the commonest association. ii) Cor-triatriatum (7 cases) Out of three patients operated, in one it was found to be a supravalvular mitral ring and not cor-triatriatum as earlier thought on echocardiography. iii) Pulmonary venous obstruction (8 cases). Atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect were the common associations. iv) Supravalvular mitral ring (2 cases). Double outlet right ventricle and a large ventricular septal defect were associated with one case each. In our experience, two dimensional and Doppler echocardiography is a very useful and reliable investigation for defining the various types of congenital left ventricular inflow obstructions and their hemodynamic significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Achilles peritendinosis: an unusual case due to frostbite in an elite athlete.

Achilles peritendinosis is common in running and jumping sports and can present with or without Achilles tendinosis itself. Several authors describe this condition as associated with over-use syndromes. This article describes an Achilles peritendinosis subsequent to frostbite in an elite runner who eventually underwent surgical treatment and was able to resume running 3 weeks postoperatively.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual foot pathologies mimicking common sports injuries.

The author presents several relatively uncommon foot pathologies appearing in athletes. Unusual exostoses, rare accessory ossicles, along with soft tissue and bone tumors may need to be included in the differential diagnosis. These should be considered if an athlete has a recalcitrant injury not corresponding to usual therapies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia.

Eleven patients (9 male, 2 female) with ventricular tachycardia (VT) and structurally normal heart underwent radiofrequency (RF) ablation of VT focus. The detailed electrophysiological mapping localized the VT focus in the left ventricular (LV) apicoseptal region in 5, LV posteroseptal region in 2, right ventricular (RV) outflow tract in 2 and RV midseptal and inflow regions in one patient each. The technique of endocardial activation mapping during VT, pacemapping and the presence of His-Purkinje potential (for LV focus) were used to identify the precise site of delivery of RF energy. The procedure was successful in 9 patients. There was no complication. The mean fluoroscopic time was 45 +/- 21 (range 20-120) minutes. RF ablation is effective and may be considered as therapy of choice for patients with ventricular tachycardia and normal heart.

Adolescent↗