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Biomedical subjects

A Savage

Publications and source records attributed to A Savage.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Glycoprotein abnormalities in colonic carcinomata, adenomata, and hyperplastic polyps shown by lectin peroxidase histochemistry.

A technique for lectin-peroxidase histochemistry was adapted for the study of formalin fixed paraffin embedded colonic tissue. Ten lectins with differing carbohydrate binding specificity were tested against 20 normal rectal biopsy specimens and tissue from 19 colonic carcinomata, 19 tubular or tubulovillous adenomata, and 19 hyperplastic polyps. None of the normal rectal biopsy specimens bound the lectins peanut agglutinin (PNA), Griffonia simplicifolia II (GSII), and Ulex europaeus I (UEAI), whereas 18 carcinomata, 12 adenomata, and 18 hyperplastic polyps showed affinity for one or more of these lectins. Hyperplastic colonic polyps are shown to possess similar abnormalities in glycoprotein structure to malignant and adenomatous colonic tissue. This may simply indicate a non-specific reaction to changed rates of cell proliferation but might represent a more fundamental association between hyperplastic polyps and adenocarcinomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Technique for hand-rearing and reintroducing rejected cotton-top tamarin infants.

During a one year period, seven rejected cotton-top tamarin infants were hand-reared. A hand-rearing program was developed which included the use of heated surrogates, a non-human primate infant formula, special nipples, and a systematic reintroduction into a family group. This regimen was quite successful. The hand-rearing process yielded a success rate of 75.0%, while the reintroduction process had a success rate of 80.0% for reintroduction into a family group and 100.0% survival rate.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1985

Histochemical demonstration of desialation and desulphation of normal and inflammatory bowel disease rectal mucus by faecal extracts.

Experiments were carried out to assess the susceptibility of normal and inflammatory bowel disease rectal mucus to desulphation and desialation by faecal extracts and by bacterial sialidase. The effects were assessed histochemically using a combined high iron diamine (HID) and alcian blue (AB) stain for sulphomucins and sialomucins. Rectal mucus in biopsies from controls (irritable bowel syndrome) and patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease was resistant to desialation by Clostridium perfringens sialidase, but susceptible to desialation and desulphation by bacteria-free extracts of normal faeces. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining of adjacent sections similarly treated showed retention of neutral mucus. One faecal extract selectively desulphated all 42 biopsies, causing the goblet cells to change from HID positive to AB positive, suggesting that most, or all HID positive cells also contain sialomucins. This alters the interpretation of previous histochemical studies. Faecal extracts from patients with active ulcerative colitis (n = 6) had desialating and desulphating effects similar to faecal extracts from normal subjects (n = 6). Ulcerative colitis (n = 21), Crohn's disease (n = 18), and control (irritable bowel syndrome) (n = 17) rectal biopsies all showed similar susceptibility to desulphation by a pooled normal faecal extract, but rectal biopsies from patients with Crohn's disease proved more resistant to desialation than control or ulcerative colitis biopsies (p less than 0.02). These studies imply that colonic mucus undergoes continual desulphation and desialation in vivo as a result of faecal enzyme activity that is probably mainly of bacterial origin. Altered susceptibility of colonic mucus to this may be important in the pathogenesis of colonic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A breeding colony of cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus).

A breeding colony of cotton-top tamarins is described where 91% of the breeding females are from the first and second laboratory-born generations, and whose infants have a one year survival rate of 62%. Mortality is greatest in the first week of life, and mortality rate is greater for a female's first litter than for subsequent litters. Females without early experience in caring for other infants have a higher infant mortality rate than females with such experience. No seasonal birth patterns have been observed. Large complex cages with food, water and runways located in the upper half of the cage, high protein diets and reduced handling of animals are suggested as additional variables affecting breeding success.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1984

Endoscopic screening for premalignant changes 25 years after gastrectomy: results of a five-year prospective study.

Sixty-three partial gastrectomy patients an average 20 years after surgery were reviewed by endoscopy and biopsy in 1977. No cases of invasive carcinoma were found. The patients were then divided into two groups. Those with moderate epithelial dysplasia (13 patients) were reviewed at 6-12 monthly intervals. One patient developed severe dysplasia but none developed an invasive carcinoma. The remaining patients with either no or mild dysplasia were offered endoscopy after 5 years and 24 agreed. Of the 12 patients with no dysplasia at the outset: 5 still had no dysplasia 5 years later, 3 had mild dysplasia and 4 now had moderate dysplasia. There were 12 with mild dysplasia at the first endoscopy, 9 remained unchanged at the review and 3 had moderate dysplasia. If dysplastic changes in gastric mucosa are pre-malignant, progression to invasive carcinoma would appear to be slow. Even 25 years after gastrectomy only a modest deterioration in the grade of dysplasia was found and no invasive cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Structural studies on the major oligosaccharides in a variant surface glycoprotein of Trypanosoma congolense.

The carbohydrate moieties in the four isotypes of a variant surface glycoprotein from Trypanosoma congolense were analyzed. All variant surface glycoprotein isotypes were found to contain up to 15% by weight of D-galactose, D-mannose, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in molar ratios approaching 1:3.2:3.9 (isotypes I-III) or 1:2.4:2.4 (isotype IV); in addition, the presence of sialic acid could be demonstrated. After metabolic labelling with D-[6-3H]glucosamine, the four isoglycoproteins were successively digested with pronase and with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. Up to two thirds of the oligosaccharides were thus liberated and were separated by gel filtration, and by high performance liquid chromatography. Using methylation, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and digestion with alpha-mannosidase, they were shown to be mainly typical oligomannosidic oligosaccharides of size classes Man5GlcNAc to Man9GlcNAc. The residual glycans were liberated by hydrazinolysis, and were fractionated by serotonin affinity chromatography. After separation by gel filtration, the neutral oligosaccharides from isotype I were subjected to methylation analysis and successive exoglycosidase digestions. They were found to be biantennary oligosaccharides of the N-acetyllactosaminic type: (GalGlcNAc)2Man3GlcNAc1-2. Only about 30% of the sialylated glycans were susceptible to neuraminidases. The T. congolense variant surface glycoprotein studied here contains mainly high mannose and biantennary 'complex' oligosaccharides as found in many other eukaryotic glycoproteins, except that they seem to carry unusually substituted/linked sialic acid residues.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Preferential action of chloroquine on Plasmodium within mature erythrocytes].

In vitro studies on the effects of chloroquine on Plasmodium berghei in relation to the age of the host cell made it possible to demonstrate the preferential effect of the drug on parasites growing in mature red blood cells. The ED-50 for parasites in mature red blood cells is lower (1,64 +/- 0,2 mg/kg/day) than in reticulocytes (2,45 +/- 0,2 mg/kg/day). The result of clumping test for chloroquino-sensitive P. berghei growing in young red blood cells, is almost similar as in a chloroquino-resistant strain of the same species. These results are compared with physiological observations on Plasmodium host parasite relationships and bioclinical discrepancies noticed between in vivo chloroquine sensitivity of P. falciparum wild strains versus in vitro testing.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Land of scarcity.

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Community Health Services↗
PubMed1979

Abortion.

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Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1979

Histological appearances of the gastric mucosa 15--27 years after partial gastrectomy.

Sixty-three patients, who had had a partial gastrectomy 15--27 years previously, were examined by endoscopy and multiple mucosal biopsies. No patient had a completely normal gastric mucosa; they showed varying degrees of gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia: 21% had significant dysplasia, and these are regarded as an 'at-risk' group requiring frequent follow-up examinations. One patient had severe dysplasia (carcinoma-in-situ), but no case of infiltrating carcinoma was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Symptomatic hypomagnesemia associated with gentamicin therapy.

A 57-year-old male developed hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia and hypocalcemia during the course of repeated gentamicin therapy. Renal wasting of magnesium and potassium was demonstrated. Associated endocrine abnormalities included decreased level of serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone and increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone. Our findings are compared to those previously reported by other investigators.

Adult↗