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A Saraux

Publications and source records attributed to A Saraux.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Differential effects of anti-Fc gamma RIIIb autoantibodies on polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis and function.

Anti-Fc gamma receptor IIIb (Fc gammaRIIIb) human autoantibodies (Ab) have been classified previously into three groups, based on the results of an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): IIF+/ELISA+ (group A), IIF+/ELISA- (group B), and IIF-/ELISA+ (group C) sera. In this study, differential effects between IIF+ autoAb, recognizing cell-bound Fc gammaR, and those ELISA+, recognizing only cell-free Fc gammaR, were studied on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Neither group A nor B autoAb was cytotoxic, although both prolonged the survival of PMN by delaying spontaneous apoptosis. By the same extent, the PMN-binding antisera stimulated the appearance of a CD11b(dim) population, following a 12-h incubation. This event was associated with a lowered expression of beta2 integrin molecules, resulting in altered PMN function. Treatment with groups A and B autoAb reduced adhesiveness and respiratory burst. This impairment of the responses was more pronounced when the cells originated from donors NA1+ NA1+ rather than donors NA2+ NA2+. From our observations, the influences of anti-Fc gammaRIIIb autoAb on PMN survival, as well as function and subsequent dysregulation of the inflammatory response, have proven somewhat dependent on their target antigens, as determined by IIF coupled with ELISA and Fc gammaRIIIb polymorphism.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed2001

Lessons from an international survey of paper cases of 10 real patients from an early arthritis clinic. CRI (Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation) Group.

OBJECTIVE: To determine how experts would classify 10 early-arthritis cases (7 atypical) and to study discrepancies in diagnoses relative to ACR criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or ESSG criteria for spondyloarthropathy (SpA). METHODS: Ten real cases (5 met ACR criteria for RA, 6 ESSG criteria for SpA, 3 both and 2 neither) followed for 28.5 +/- 4.8 months were sent as paper cases to 20 international and 12 French experts. Each expert selected a diagnosis among 8 possible choices and rated it on a 0-10 confidence scale. For each case, 3 analog scales (0-100 mm) were used to indicate the probability of RA, SpA or undifferentiated arthritis (UA). RESULTS: Experts often disagreed about diagnoses (up to 5 different diagnoses for a given case, with a mean of 3.9 per case). Similarly, expert opinions on probabilities for RA and SpA differed widely, with great overlap between confidence for RA, SpA and UA. Fulfilment of ACR or ESSG criteria was poorly related to the experts' diagnosis and evaluation of probabilities for RA and SpA. However, UA was a relatively infrequent choice (19%). CONCLUSIONS: There was no general consensus about the nosology of early RA and SpA. Classification of atypical early arthritis was not resolved by currently available criteria for RA and SpA. This may have implications for therapy in early disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Ability of hand radiographs to predict a further diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with early arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of hand radiographs collected at study inclusion to predict a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 2 years later, in a cohort of patients with early arthritis. METHODS: We evaluated 270 patients with arthritis of less than one year duration. At the first visit, all patients underwent a standardized evaluation including laboratory tests and radiographs. Followup was 30+/-11.3 mo. The hand radiographs were read by observers blinded to patient data who looked for item 7 of the 1987 ACR criteria for RA and used Sharp's method to score erosions and joint space narrowing. RESULTS: The kappa coefficient for ACR item 7 was < 0.65 for bony decalcification and > 0.8 for erosions. Intra and interobserver correlation coefficients for Sharp score ranged from 0.90 to 0.95. The "erosion" component of ACR item 7 was more specific than the full item 7 (96% versus 87.5%; p = 0.02). Sharp erosion score was not better than the erosion component of item 7 (sensitivity 17%; specificity 96%). CONCLUSION: Regardless of the criterion used, hand radiographs were of limited value to predict which patients would be considered as having RA 2 years later. Diagnostic performance was similar for the "erosions" component of the 1987 ACR item 7 and for Sharp erosion score. The full 1987 ACR item 7 (erosions or bony decalcification) performed less well.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2000

Contralateral spondylolysis and fracture of the lumbar pedicle in an elite female gymnast: a case report.

STUDY DESIGN: The case of an elite female gymnast whose pathology started in her 12th year and whose evolution has been exceptional is reported. OBJECTIVE: To present a fracture of the right lumbar pedicle showing complete spontaneous consolidation despite gymnastic practice 15 hours a week. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Lumbar pain, which has an incidence of approximately 75% among young athletes, often results from diseases of the posterior arch of vertebrae in gymnasts, including spondylolysis. The association between unilateral spondylolysis and fracture of the contralateral lumbar pedicle in young athletes is poorly described. METHODS: An elite young female gymnast underwent clinical examination and lumbar radiographs (as systematically required by the French Federation for high-level gymnasts) from 1994 to 1997 to join a sports program in gymnastics. RESULTS: Clinical examination and lumbar radiographs systematically required of an asymptomatic female gymnast allowed the condensation of the right pedicle to be observed before lysis of the left isthmus of L5 in 1994, unilateral lysis of the left isthmus of L5 in 1995, a right pedicular fracture of L5 in 1996, and healing of the pedicular fracture in 1997. CONCLUSION: Inconsistency between radiographs and clinical observations can be noted, and spontaneous consolidation of pedicular fractures can occur despite the practice of the gymnastics 15 hours a week.

Child↗
PubMed2000

The familial form of spondylarthropathy: a clinical study of 115 multiplex families. Groupe Français d'Etude Génétique des Spondylarthropathies.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interrelationships among different phenotypes, and their relationship to the HLA-Blocus, in multiplex families with spondylarthropathy (SpA). METHODS: We recruited 115 white French families, each of which had at least 2 members with SpA. Pedigrees were established. Clinical data and pelvic radiographs were collected. The HLA-B27 status of all patients was determined. Analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of SpA manifestations according to sex, disease duration, and HLA-B status, and to examine clustering of specific manifestations in subsets of families. RESULTS: We identified 329 SpA patients. Mean +/-SD age at onset was 24+/-9.4 years. The male:female ratio was 186:143, or 1.3, with few sex differences in disease expression. Axial manifestations and HLA-B27 were each present in 97% of the patients. Inflammatory bowel disease and HLA-B35 were overrepresented in the 7 families containing HLA-B27-negative patients. The frequency of radiographic sacroiliitis increased in parallel with disease duration. Peripheral enthesitis, radiographic sacroiliitis, and psoriasis were evenly distributed in the families. Clustering independent of age was only observed for peripheral arthritis, suggesting that specific factors may predispose individuals to this manifestation. CONCLUSION: Familial SpA appears to be homogeneous, based on the high frequencies of axial skeletal involvement and HLA-B27. The lack of clustering of most manifestations in families suggests that a predominant shared component, including HLA-B27, predisposes individuals to all forms of familial SpA, and that ubiquitous genetic or environmental factors contribute to phenotype diversity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

CD45 autoantibodies mediate neutralization of activated T cells from lupus patients through anergy or apoptosis.

The objectives were to provide estimates of the prevalence of autoantibody (Ab) directed to CD45 in lupus patients, identify the target autoantigen(s), and determine the ability of such reactivity to mediate neutralization of T lymphocytes. Sera from 64 patients were studied using 2 assays: Western blot and an ELISA with CD45 eluted from 3 cell lines as antigen (U937, Jurkat and Daudi). The role of carbohydrate specificity was investigated using enzyme digestion of blotted glycans, competition with sugars, and inhibition with lectins. Apoptosis was studied through annexin V binding, and cell cycle analysis using the propidium iodide method. AutoAb to CD45 were detected in 16/64 sera (25%) by Western blot, and 21/32 sera (66%) found positive in the ELISA. CD45 purified from Daudi cells was identified in the ELISA, but not in the blot. AutoAb were of the IgM and the IgG isotypes, but not specific for a particular cell type or CD45 isoform: 2 dominant specificities were recognized, one against p180, and another against high MW isoforms. Neuraminidase-induced enhancement of reactivity, together with the inhibitory effect of N-acetyl galactosamine and Dolichos diflorus lectin suggest that the epitopes are carbohydrates. AutoAb which were specific for activated CD4+T cells triggered the annexin V binding, and, in 2 of 4 cases, lymphocytes underwent apoptosis. In conclusion, carbohydrate conformational epitopes may be important as target antigens, and some CD45 autoAb have the capacity to neutralize activated T cells through anergy or apoptosis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1999

Are tennis players at increased risk for low back pain and sciatica?

OBJECTIVE: Tennis practiced intensively is generally held to be a risk factor for low back pain. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of low back pain with or without sciatica during the last week in tennis players versus controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During an international tennis competition held in Brest, France, ten physicians or medical students interviewed 633 spectators older than 18 years and divided them into tennis players and controls. The sample size was selected to allow detection of a twofold increase in the risk of low back pain in tennis players (with alpha = 5% and 1-beta = 80%). RESULTS: Of the 633 subjects, 388 were and 245 were not tennis players. There were 421 men with a mean age of 37 +/- 13.7 years and 212 women with a mean age of 34.3 +/- 12.7. Among the men, 49 of the 281 tennis players (17.4%) reported low back pain during the last week versus 26 of the 140 controls (18.6%). Corresponding figures in women were 20 of 107 tennis players (18.7%) and 29 of 105 controls (27.6%). Sciatica was not more common in tennis players (men, 20 of 281 tennis players [7.1%] versus 6 of 140 controls [4.3%]; women, 8 of 107 tennis players [7.5%] versus 10 of 105 controls [9.5%]). None of the differences between tennis players and controls were significant. The number of hours spent playing tennis per week was similar in tennis players with and without low back pain. CONCLUSION: Our interview-based cross-sectional study found no evidence that playing tennis involves a higher risk of low back pain with or without sciatica.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Risk factors for radiographic articular destruction of hands and wrists in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out a cross sectional case-control study of the risk factors for articular destruction in a large sample of patients with a long history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), presupposing that the variables we measured were unrelated to the duration of disease. METHODS: Each inpatient with RA admitted to our department from January 1, 1985, to December 31, 1995, underwent standard examination, laboratory tests, and hand roentgenograms. We carried out a radiographic cross sectional study on 287 of them. Radiographic evaluation was performed by the same observer (correlation coefficient 0.97) using the modified Sharp method. To investigate an association between articular destruction and prognostic variables, a matched analysis of the case-control data and calculation of the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were carried out. For each patient with severe articular destruction, patients hospitalized during the study period with the same disease duration but without severe articular destruction were included as controls. The sample size was chosen to show an OR > 2 (1-alpha = 95%; 1-beta = 80%). RESULTS: The risk of articular joint destruction was higher in women than in men (OR 2.72, CI 1.17-7.9, p<0.023), whereas age at onset or the presence of HLA-DR4, antiperinuclear factor, or antikeratin antibodies was not sufficiently strongly associated with the process of articular destruction to be considered relevant prognostic markers. CONCLUSION: We conclude that female sex is significantly associated with a higher risk of articular destruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathy in Brittany, France. Société de Rhumatologie de l'Ouest.

OBJECTIVE: To document the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthropathy (SpA) in Brittany, France. METHODS: (1) Members of rheumatism self-help groups screened cases using questionnaires. (2) Rheumatologists in our unit contacted persons who had possible inflammatory rheumatic diseases and persons who refused the first interview. (3) When diagnosis remained unknown or discordant with the questionnaire, the general practitioner or the rheumatologist of these patients was interviewed. (4) Patients without diagnosis and who had not had a rheumatological examination were examined without charge by a rheumatologist. RESULTS: An overall prevalence rate of 0.62% (0.33-0.91) and 0.47% (0.22-0.72) was found for RA and for SpA, respectively. The prevalence of RA and SpA was 0.86 (0.39-1.33) and 0.53 (0.16-0.9) in women and 0.32 (0.01-0.63) and 0.41 (0.05-0.77) in men. The minimum prevalence of RA and SpA calculated on the estimated initial group (3189 persons) was 0.53 (0.28-0.78) and 0.41 (0.18-0.63), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our telephone survey revealed that the prevalences of RA and SpA are nearly similar among our population and that SpA is as common in women as in men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Autoantibodies to CD45 in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Western blotting with U937 cell extracts as the substrate, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) with U937-, Jurkat- and Daudi cell-purified CD45 molecules were used to detect anti-CD45 reactivity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). By immunoblotting, 16 of 64 SLE sera were shown to be positive (25.0%). In the ELISAs, 13 out of 18 SLE sera reacted with the target CD45. Of these, three were not detectable on the blot. Importantly, 12 of these ELISA-positive sera contained IgM and IgG auto-antibodies. Neuraminidase-treatment of U937-precipitated CD45 molecules enhanced the reactivity to most of the isoforms, indicating that the antibodies may bind to asialylated polysaccharides.

Adult↗