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Biomedical subjects

A Sala

Publications and source records attributed to A Sala.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetic study in rats after single intravenous and oral administrations of [14C]-ITF-296.

Pharmacokinetics of [14C]-ITF-296 and its metabolites, ITF-1124 and ITF-1577, were studied in rats after a single intravenous (2.5 mg/kg) and oral (10 mg/kg) administration. Radioactivity was measured by LSC while unchanged drug and its metabolites in plasma were assayed by an HPLC-UV method. The absorption of [14C]-ITF-296 after oral administration is practically complete. Elimination of radioactivity occurs mainly in urine (higher than 80%) and the recovery of the dose (higher than 95%) takes place up to 96 h after both treatments. Both by i.v. and p.o. route the results show that the radioactivity is largely excreted in the bile and reabsorbed in the intestine. The tissue distribution study indicates that there is no accumulation or localization of radioactivity in the major organs or blood and no radioactivity levels are found 96 h after either treatment. In addition, whole body autoradiography confirms the tissue distribution pattern, showing no differences between albino and pigmented rats.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetic study in dogs and monkeys after single intravenous and oral administrations of [14C]-ITF-296.

Pharmacokinetics of [14C]-ITF-296 and its metabolites, ITF-1124 and ITF-1577, were studied in dogs and monkeys after a single intravenous (2.5 mg/kg) and oral (10 mg/kg) administration. Radioactivity was measured by LSC while unchanged drug and its metabolites in plasma were assayed by an HPLC-UV method. The absorption of [14C]-ITF-296 after oral administration is practically complete both in dogs and in monkeys. The determination of unchanged drug and its metabolites shows quite a similar profile in dogs and monkeys for ITF-296 and ITF-1124 and a different time-course for ITF-1577. Elimination of radioactivity occurs mainly in urine (namely 70-80%) for both species and the recovery of the dose (higher than 90%) takes place up to 96 h after both treatments.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early and late results of ascending aorta surgery: risk factors for early and late outcome.

This study was designed to evaluate risk factors for in-hospital mortality and midterm survival in patients undergoing ascending aorta surgery at a single institution during an 11-year period. Between 1984 and 1994 a total of 158 patients underwent an ascending aorta procedure at our institution. Their mean age was 59.6 +/- 12.3; 115 (73%) were male, 33 (21%) had a history of congestive heart failure, 61 (39%) had an acute type A dissection, 21 (13%) underwent redo operations, and 55 (35%) were operated on an emergency basis. In-hospital mortality was 9.7% (10/103) for elective procedures and 36.4% (20/55) for emergency operations (p < 0.0001). Multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis identified the cardiopulmonary bypass time [odds ratio (OR) = 1.01/min, p = 0.0021], emergency operation (OR = 2.27, p = 0.0022), arch replacement (OR = 2.71, p = 0.0067), and the need of femoral vein cannulation at intervention (OR = 1.89, p = 0.0375) as independent predictors of in-hospital death. When this kind of analysis was performed, evaluating only the variables known before surgery, acute type A dissection (OR = 2.21, p = 0.0009) and preoperative NYHA class (OR = 1.88 per class, p = 0.0290) were independent risk factors for in-hospital death. Follow-up ranged from 10 to 126 months (median 42 months), with Kaplan-Meier survivals of 69 +/- 4%, and 60 +/- 5% at 5 and 7 years, respectively; survival rates for hospital survivors were 85 +/- 4% and 67 +/- 7% at 5 and 7 years, respectively. Cox regression analysis has identified arch replacement [relative risk (RR) = 2.48, p < 0.0001], perioperative myocardial infarction (RR = 2.44, p = 0.0003), preoperative NYHA class (RR = 1.97 per class, p = 0.0009), acute type A aortic dissection (RR = 1.44, p = 0.0238), the need of femoral vein cannulation at intervention (RR = 1.55, p = 0.0332), and redo operation (RR = 1.44, p = 0.0851) as independent predictors of reduced survival at follow-up. When this kind of analysis was performed on hospital survivors only, postoperative tracheostomy (p = 0.0003, RR = 3.42), reexploration for bleeding (p = 0.0003, RR = 3.77), and the occurrence of postoperative ventricular arrhythmias (p = 0.0007, RR = 2.45) emerged as risk factors. Multiple factors affect the early and late outcome after ascending aorta surgery; our data suggest that the preoperative clinical status of the patients and the priority of surgery and aortic dissection are the main determinants of the early results; on the other hand, the early postoperative course is the main determinant of the late outcome of hospital survivors.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methodology for the assessment of activities in primary health care].

A case study assessed health care activities in a primary health care facility to help develop methodologies of care work assessment and of the proposal of leading categories for the said processes, based on the work process. This study was developed at the Centro de Saúde Escola of the Faculdade de Medicina of the Universidade de São Paulo, using as empirical material the assessment of the care activities aimed at the emergency care and programmed care of 'chronic' patients (patients suffering from hypertension and diabetes). The analysis of these assessments which considered different moments of the work process (working objects, activity of agents, analysis of the working means and result of the work) suggest the need of creating analytical categories that will make workable the understanding of this process, inserting each moment to the work as a whole. The analytical categories proposed are: 1) workability as a means of making effective the proposed actions; 2) strategic effectiveness as a measure of the scope of the results that have been observed among patients and/or the population and that can be the result of the actions performed.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Banks of vascular homografts].

We define as Banking of the tissues all the procedures that include the finding, preparation, conservation and distribution of the homograft. The vascular homografts are taken and put into a solution of transportation at +4 degrees C and kept at this temperature till their arrival at the Bank. The following step is the dissection of the homograft which will have to be performed as quickly as possible at most 24 hours after the taking in conditions of maximum sterility. At the Italian Homograft Bank at Centro Cardiologico, the vascular homografts are kept at +4 degrees C for 96 hours on average with antibiotics. After a phase of sterilization at +4 degrees C the tissue is frozen according to a homogeneous and controlled thermic decrease and stored at -150 degrees C/-180 degrees C in fumes of liquid nitrogen till the moment of their employment allowing a long term conservation. The aim of all these procedures of cryopreservation is to keep the structural and functional integrity of cells and tissues. The thermic decrease of the tissues must occur so that to avoid all the damages of the cellular vitality and functionality and especially of the tissue structure in toto. In order to limitate these events some cryoprotector agents are employed because they reduce the concentration of the solutes, the cellular dehydration, the formation of micro-macro crystals. Another step to establish if the homograft is proper is the study of bacteriological and viral aspects. The viral screenings are performed on the donor's blood and the bacteriological tests are performed on the tissue and on the liquids. For each phase of the banking a series of information about the donor and about the tissues are recorded and filed both on paper and database so that to grant always a right conduct of the material.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial properties of 2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolylideneamino-oxy)acetamido-beta-lactam derivatives.

The synthesis of new 2-(3-bromo-5-isoxazolylideneamino-oxy)acetic acids and their condensation derivatives with suitable beta-lactam nuclei is reported. Their antibacterial properties have been tested in vitro. An interesting activity against Gram-positive bacteria including beta-lactamase-producing microorganisms was found among the cephalosporanic acid derivatives.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coronary-coronary bypass: theoretical basis and techniques.

The authors present their experience with coronary-coronary bypass grafting. This technique takes advantage of physiological position of the right coronary artery ostium. The filling of the graft and of the coronary circulation is assisted by several factors promoting the physiological diastolic coronary artery blood flow.

Coronary Disease↗