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Biomedical subjects

A Sakula

Publications and source records attributed to A Sakula.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

R T H Laënnec 1781--1826 his life and work: a bicentenary appreciation.

René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec was born on 17 February 1781 in Quimper and spent much of his youth in Nantes, where his uncle Guillaume was Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. He was considerably influenced by his uncle and went to study medicine in Paris where he qualified in 1804. Among his teachers were Corvisart and Bayle who stimulated his interest in the clinical diagnosis of diseases of the chest and especially tuberculosis, from which Laënnec himself suffered. His clinical experience and morbid anatomical dissections at the Necker Hospital culminated in his invention of the stethoscope (1816) and the writing of his masterpiece De l'Auscultation Médiate (1819) which may be regarded as the pioneer treatise from which modern chest medicine has evolved. Despite his great success in Paris, laënnec always retained a great love for his native Brittany. When his health finally broke down, he returned to his home Kerlouarnec, near Quimper, and died there on 13 August 1826, aged 45 years. On the occasion of the bicentenary of his birth we pay homage to the memory of this great French physician.

Auscultation↗
PubMed1981

Joseph Skoda 1805-81: a centenary tribute to a pioneer of thoracic medicine.

Joseph Skoda was born on 5 December 1805 in Pilsen, Bohemia, and studied medicine in Vienna, where he became professor of medicine in 1846. His clinical researches into cardiopulmonary disease at the Allgemeine Krankenhaus were complementary to the pathological anatomical studies carried out there by Karl von Rokitansky. Skoda had been stimulated by the pioneer work on percussin and auscultation of the Paris school of medicine, but his own researches simplified the classification of physical signs taught by the French masters, Laënnec and Piorry. Skoda's findings were collected in his magnum opus, Abhandlung über Perkussion und Auskultation (1839), in which he described his famous eponymous physical sign, "Skodaic resonance." Skoda was sceptical of the medical treatment then available and was labelled a "therapeutic nihilist." Together with Rokitansky, he helped to make Vienna, for a time, the focal point of medical teaching in Europe. He died on 13 June 1881.

Anniversaries and Special Events↗
PubMed1981

[Not Available].

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Diagnosis↗
PubMed1979

Vitamin A, zinc and lung cancer.

Serum vitamin A concentration were measured in 26 newly diagnosed lung-cancer patients and found to be significantly lower than those of patients of similar age with either non-malignant lung or non-lung diseases. The levels of vitamin A in the lung-cancer patients, but not in the controls, were significantly correlated with serum concentrations of retinol-binding protein (RBP) and zinc. It is suggested that low levels of zinc might reduce the synthesis of RBP and thus reduce the mobilization of vitamin A from the liver.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Primary malignant lymphoma of lung.

Primary malignant lymphoma of the lung is a rare variety of lymphosarcoma, to be distinguished from secondary lung involvement in disseminated malignant lymphoma. The condition tends to remain localized to the lung, and lymph nodes are not involved. The prognosis is better than in disseminated malignant lymphoma, and in the case described here a 35-year-old woman was treated by radiotherapy and chemotherapy and survived 20 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pierre Adolphe Piorry (1794-1879): pioneer of percussion and pleximetry.

Piorry was born in Poitiers on 31 December 1794. As a medical student he served in the Napoleonic war in Spain. His teachers in medicine included Corvisart, Bayle, Broussais, and Magendie; he qualified in 1816 with an MD thesis: "On the danger of reading medical text books by the laity"! Laënnec's invention of the stethoscope (1816) and De l' Auscultation Médiate (1819) inspired Piorry to make an analogous contribution to the technique of percussion (which had been originally described by Auenbrugger in his Inventum Novum in 1761 and translated from the Latin into French by Corvisart in 1808). This led to Piorry's invention in 1826 of the pleximeter (le plessimétre) to help outline the internal organs (l'organographisme), which he described inDe la Percussion Médiate (1828). Piorry became renowned as a professor of medicine in many of the great Parisian hospitals (Charité, Pitié, and Hôtel Dieux). In 1832 he was appointed to L'Hospice de la Salpétrière, where he held a famous course of clinical lectures. He wrote prolificly on many aspects of medicine and published more than twenty books. He was, in addition, a poet of some distinction, and wrote a remarkable long poem Dieu, L'Ame et la Nature (1853). Piorry held his neologisms-for example, toxin, toxaemia, septicaemia, etc.-are still in use. This, together with the mixed reception that his advocacy of pleximetry received from his medical contemporaries, made him a controversial figure. He died on 29 May 1879.

Auscultation↗
PubMed1978

Hodgkin's grave.

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History, 19th Century↗