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Biomedical subjects

A Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to A Sakai.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Hispidospermidin, a novel phospholipase C inhibitor produced by Chaetosphaeronema hispidulum (Cda) Moesz NR 7127. II. Isolation, characterization and structural elucidation.

Hispidospermidin (1) is a novel phospholipase C inhibitor produced by Chaetosphaeronema hispidulum (Cda) Moesz NR 7127. Its structure (C25H47N3O) has been elucidated as a cage compound with a trimethylspermidine side chain based on various NMR studies, including 1H-1H COSY, 13C-1H COSY, HOHAHA, HMBC, COLOC and long range J C-H resolved 2D spectroscopy. The absolute configuration of 1 has been elucidated by modified Mosher's method on the (R)- and (S)-MTPA amides of a derivative of 1.

Chaetomium↗
PubMed1994

[Prediction of the outcome of IFN therapy in type C chronic hepatitis from serological grouping of hepatitis C virus].

We investigated the relationship between serological grouping of hepatitis C virus and the response to IFN therapy in type C chronic hepatitis. In group I, responders were low (28%) with a high incidence of recurrence of HCV-RNA (72%). By contrast, in group II, responders were high (62%) and recurrence of HCV-RNA (17%) was low. Serological grouping of hepatitis C virus is useful in the prediction of the outcome of IFN therapy in type C chronic hepatitis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

Epidermal growth factor-induced mitogen signals in cultured intestinal epithelial cells.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated proliferation of an intestinal cell line (IEC-6 cells), derived from rat jejunal crypts. EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation was analyzed by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody specific for phosphotyrosine. EGF initiated rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins with molecular masses of 185, 170, 55, and 42 kilodalton (kDa). In addition, EGF caused the rapid elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. Thus, EGF-stimulated proliferation and its mitogen signals were clearly observed in IEC-6 cells, suggesting that EGF may play an important role in the maintenance and repair of the intestinal mucosa in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Degree of diversity of hepatitis C virus quasispecies and progression of liver disease.

We examined the quasispecies of the hepatitis C virus genome in 28 patients with liver disease of varying severity. Nucleotide sequences of the hepatitis C virus genome spanning the region from the core to envelope were used to calculate the nucleotide diversity: 0.58% +/- 0.88% in 5 patients with acute hepatitis, 0.85% +/- 0.62% in 5 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 1.79% +/- 0.92% in 11 patients with chronic active hepatitis, 3.05% +/- 1.26% in 4 patients with cirrhosis and 2.71% +/- 1.47% in 3 patients with cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus the intrapatient variation in nucleotides increased significantly with severity of liver disease (p < 0.01), except in those cases of cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. Multivariate analysis including the histology, duration of infection, age, sex, history of blood transfusion and serum level of ALT at diagnosis as variables showed that the histological finding was the strongest independent factor of the nucleotide diversity (p = 0.003). Serial analysis of the genome in three patients demonstrated that the intra-patient variation in nucleotides increased with the progression of liver disease. The magnitude of the intrapatient variation in nucleotides deduced from the observed changes in the patients was correlated with the mean serum levels of ALT. These findings suggest that the degree of diversity of HCV quasispecies is related to the progression of liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Mitral and aortic valve replacement associated with aortitis syndrome: a case report].

A case of aortic and mitral regurgitation associated with aortitis syndrome was presented. The patient was a 36-year-old female who admitted for palpitation and dyspnea. Left ventriculography showed moderate MR. Aortography showed moderate AR and multiple occlusive lesion of the aortic arch branches. After the inflammation was controlled, aortic and mitral valve replacement was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful. Histologically, aortic and mitral valve showed capillary increase and infiltration of inflammatory cells, mainly lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistula--surgical experience of a complicated case by renal dysfunction and congestive heart failure].

Postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistula is a rare complication. Twenty nine years after the left nephrectomy due to renal tuberculosis, a 71-year-old male who had suffered from heart and renal failure was diagnosed as postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistula. Ligation of left renal artery and division of left renal vein were performed. Although CVP improved from 30 to 14 cmH2O after operation, cardiac function did not show remarkable improvement, and we were necessitated to introduce hemodialysis from the third week after operation. It is important to bear in mind this complication in order to make early diagnosis and treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Subdural hematoma complicated after open heart surgery: a report of two cases with successful treatment].

Two cases of subdural hematoma complicated after open heart surgery were successfully treated during thirty years history of the department. A 45 year-old woman underwent tricuspid valve replacement due to isolated congenital tricuspid insufficiency. On the 27th postoperative day, she was suddenly attacked by headache, and disturbance of consciousness was recognized with gradual deterioration. Brain CT scan showed a subdural hematoma on the right frontal region. Immediate irrigation of the hematoma was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged without any complications. A 59 year-old woman underwent mitral valve replacement due to mitral re-stenosis. On the 3rd postoperative day, disturbance of consciousness was seen suddenly. Brain CT scan showed a subdural hematoma in the bilateral posterior cranial fossa. Immediate GL-YCEOL drip infusion was started. On the next day consciousness returned without operation and she was discharged without any neurological complications. Both patients did not have head trauma during pre and post operative period. It was important to consider the possibility of a intracranial hematoma, when the disturbance of consciousness was recognized after open heart surgery and/or during anticoagulant therapy.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Effects of exercise training at 1,500 m on arterial oxygen saturation and pulse rate.

We compared the effects of exercise training at a low (610 m) altitude with those at moderate (1,500 m) altitude on arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and pulse rate (PR) between two groups of men: five subjects in the low altitude group (LG), and five other subjects in the moderate-altitude group (MG), after giving them a series of bicycle training in a hypobaric chamber. Training intensity was 75% HRmax for 60 min/day, 3 times per week for 5 weeks. Before and after the training, Sao2 and PR were measured with a pulse oximeter during step-tests under various air pressures, corresponding to 610 m, 2,000 m, and 4,000 m, respectively, in the chamber. We found that: 1) Sao2 during the step-test carried out at 2,000 m and 4,000 m in the hypobaric chamber was significantly increased in MG compared with that in LG; and 2) PR during the step-tests at 610 m, 2,000 m, and 4,000 m was significantly decreased in MG compared with that in LG. Thus, we conclude that exercise training at a moderate altitude is a useful method for increasing Sao2 and decreasing PR and may prevent mountain sickness.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Systematic cleaning of the mite antigens in home environment and its effects on atopic dermatitis].

Since mite antigen is an important causative agent of atopic dermatitis (AD), establishment and maintenance of a mite-reduced home environment would be an effective means to mitigate the symptoms. For establishing and maintaining a mite-reduced home environment, the structure of the residence, as well as the life style of the residents are important factors to consider. Based on a hypothesized behavior of the mite antigens a cleaning program was developed. Application of this program for establishing and maintaining a mite-reduced room in a patient's home produced a reduction in both mite population and mite antigen level, as well as a mitigation of the patient's symptoms. An air purifier was shown to have the ability to reduce, to a certain extant, specific mite antigens. The results suggest that an air purifier would be an effective contribution to the maintenance of a mite-reduced home environment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Early omental transposition for postoperative sterno-mediastinitis].

We report 3 successful cases of postoperative sterno-mediastinitis treated with single-stage procedure. 2 of them were infected with MRSA (Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus), and the other was with klebsiella pneumoniae. Neither open drainage nor irrigation were performed previously, but only administrations of sensitive antibiotics. Intensive debridement, irrigation and omental transposition were performed at one time, between 6 and 15 days from the diagnosis. It could achieve decrease of hospitalization. We recommend early single-stage procedure with omental transposition for postoperative sterno-mediastinitis before extension and aggravation of the infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Heterogeneous expression of a novel MPC-1 antigen on myeloma cells: possible involvement of MPC-1 antigen in the adhesion of mature myeloma cells to bone marrow stromal cells.

Recent immunophenotypic analysis has shown that the heterogeneous expression of the adhesion molecule VLA-5 classifies myeloma cells into VLA-5+ mature and VLA-5- immature subpopulations. To further clarify the two myeloma subpopulations, we generated a monoclonal antibody, MPC-1, by immunizing mice with an adherent human myeloma cell line, KMS-5. The MPC-1 antibody recognized a 48-Kd surface antigen on KMS-5 but not on U-266, a nonadherent human myeloma cell line. Specificity characterization showed that MPC-1 antigen was expressed on mature myeloma cells, normal plasma cells, and mature B cells, whereas pre-B cells and germinal center B cells lacked its expression. Monocytes and a human bone marrow stromal cell line, KM102, also expressed this antigen. Two subclones of MPC-1+ VLA-5+ (KMS-5Ad) and MPC-1-VLA-5+ (KMS-5NAd) were separated from the KMS-5 cell line. The KMS-5NAd adhered to KM102 more tightly than did the KMS-5NAd, and the U-266 (MPC-1-VLA-5-) displayed almost no adherence to the KM102. The adhesion of the KMS-5Ad was partially inhibited by the MPC-1 antibody. These results, taken together, suggest that the MPC-1 antigen serves as a differentiation marker for B-lineage cells, including plasma cells, and may function as an adhesion molecule involved in the interaction of mature myeloma cells with bone marrow stromal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Identification of immature and mature myeloma cells in the bone marrow of human myelomas.

With regard to the expression of adhesion molecules, human myeloma cells freshly isolated from bone marrow were heterogeneous. By two-color analysis with anti-VLA-5 antibody (PE staining) and FITC-labeled anti-CD38 antibody, we found all myeloma cells located at CD38-strong positive (CD38++) fraction and identified two subpopulations among these myeloma cells: CD38++ VLA-5-(VLA-5-) myeloma cells and CD38++ VLA-5+ (VLA-5+) myeloma cells. To clarify the biologic character of these two subpopulations, the morphology, in vitro proliferative activity and in vitro M-protein secretion were examined in each fraction isolated by the purification procedure or a cell sorter. Morphologic examination showed that VLA-5- myeloma cells were mostly immature or plasmablastic and VLA-5+ cells were mature myeloma cells. Furthermore, VLA-5- myeloma cells proliferated markedly in vitro and responded to interleukin 6 (IL-6), a growth factor for myeloma cells, while VLA-5+ myeloma cells showed very low uptakes of 3H-thymidine and no responses to IL-6 but secreted higher amounts of M-protein (immunoglobulin) in vitro significantly. Therefore, we could clarify here heterogeneity of human myeloma cells in the bone marrow with regard to the expression of VLA-5, one of integrin adhesion molecules; VLA-5- myeloma cells were proliferative immature cells and VLA-5+ cells were mature myeloma cells.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1993

Phenotypic difference of normal plasma cells from mature myeloma cells.

We have recently shown that two-color analysis with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-anti-CD38 antibody could clearly distinguish myeloma cells (plasma cells) from other hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. Myeloma cells (plasma cells) alone were located at CD38strong positive (++) fractions. To further distinguish normal plasma cells from mature myeloma cells phenotypically, we examined immunophenotypes of normal plasma cells and myeloma cells by two-color flow cytometry with FITC-anti-CD38 antibody and phycoerythrin staining with antibody to VLA-4, MPC-1, CD44, CD56, CD19, CD20, CD24, or CD10. Normal plasma cells were all VLA-4+VLA-5+MPC-1+CD44+ CD19+CD56- in the bone marrows from seven healthy donors, tonsils from four patients with chronic tonsillitis, a spleen from one patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and lymph nodes from two patients with chronic lymphadenitis, respectively. On the other hand, mature myeloma cells (12 of 20 cases), VLA-4+VLA-5+MPC-1+, were all CD19- and most of them CD56+, and there were no myeloma cells with the CD19+CD56- phenotype in the 20 cases of myelomas we tested. Thus, as for the expression of CD19 and CD56, normal plasma cells from various tissues are all CD19+CD56-, whereas no myeloma cells have the CD19+CD56- phenotype. According to this finding, we investigated the expression of CD19 and CD56 on plasma cells (CD38++ fractions) in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Both CD19+CD56- and CD19-DC56+ plasma cells were found in all five cases of MGUS we tested, suggesting that MGUS consists of phenotypically normal plasma cells and myeloma cells. Therefore, it is reasoned that phenotypic analysis of plasma cells with anti-CD19 and anti-CD56 antibodies can distinguish normal plasma cells from malignant plasma cells (myeloma cells), and can detect malignant plasma cells even in MGUS or premyeloma states.

Aged↗