Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Saitoh

Publications and source records attributed to A Saitoh.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Needle track seeding after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for small hepatocellular carcinoma.

We present two cases of patients experiencing needle track seeding after undergoing percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for small hepatocellular carcinoma, who were treated by surgical resection of the metastases. One patient demonstrated metastatic tumors due to needle track seeding 6 months after the beginning of PEIT (a total of 7 injection sessions for 2 tumors measuring < 20 mm in diameters), whereas the other developed a metastatic tumor 20 months after beginning PEIT (a total of 30 injection sessions for 3 tumors measuring < 20 mm in diameter). In the two cases, both the primary and metastatic tumors histologically revealed moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, the histological findings of the metastatic foci did not always appear to be more aggressive than those of the primary tumors. Therefore, in order to detect such metastasis as early as possible, more careful attention should be paid to the appearance of needle track seeding after performing PEIT for hepatocellular carcinoma, even if the target of such PEIT is small HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of the entire nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the attenuated hog cholera vaccine strain GPE- and the wild-type parental strain ALD.

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequences of a live attenuated hog cholera virus (HCV) and its progenitor strain. The viral RNA of each strain consisted of 12,298 nucleotides including untranslated regions of 373 and 228 bases at the 5' and 3' end, respectively. There was a single large open reading frame spanning 11,697 nucleotides which could encode a large protein of 3,899 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 438-kDa. We have found 225 nucleotide difference between the two strains, of which six were located in the untranslated region. Four-sixths of these differences resulted in amino acid substitutions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Antagonistic effect of buprenorphine on the antitussive effect of morphine is mediated via the activation of mu 1-opioid receptors.

The effect of buprenorphine on the antitussive effect of morphine was examined in mice. Buprenorphine at doses of 0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg given i.p. alone have no effects on the % inhibition in the number of capsaicin-induced coughs. However, pretreatment with the same doses of buprenorphine for 2 hr significantly attenuated the antitussive effect of morphine (3 mg/kg, i.p.). Naloxonazine, a selective mu 1-opioid receptor antagonist, had no effect of buprenorphine on antitussive effect of morphine. These results suggest that buprenorphine antagonizes the antitussive effect of morphine via the activation of mu 1-opioid receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Differentiation between glycoprotein III gene-deleted vaccine and wild-type strains of pseudorabies virus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

One of the attenuated and genetically recombinant modified-live viral (MLV) vaccine strains currently used contains a deletion in its glycoprotein III (gIII) gene, while prototypic wild-type pseudorabies (WT-PR) viruses contain an intact gIII gene. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system differentiating, based on this difference, between the vaccine virus and prototypic WT-PR viruses was investigated. This PCR system utilized two consecutive stages. Primers for the first-stage PCR were designed so as to amplify of DNA fragments lengths in respect to the vaccine and WT-PR viruses. The second-stage PCR amplification for improving the sensitivity and specificity and for confirming of the sites deleted from the first-stage PCR products produced an all-or-none result: internal DNA fragments were derived from only WT-PR viruses but not from the vaccine virus. These PCR-amplified fragment length polymorphisms clearly distinguished the vaccine virus from WT-PR viruses. The vaccine and WT-PR viruses in mixtures were each identified in this PCR system. This PCR system may permit rapid and sensitive detection of PR viral gIII gene, analysis of the genotype of PR virus isolates, and also examination of the isolates for purity and identity.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Oxidative enzyme activity in the rat soleus muscle and its motoneurons during postnatal maturation.

The effect of postnatal maturation on changes in the oxidative enzyme (succinate dehydrogenase) activity in the rat soleus muscle and its motoneurons was examined at 3, 6, and 12 weeks of age. The motoneurons innervating the soleus muscle were identified using the fluorescent retrograde neuronal tracer Nuclear Yellow. An inverse relationship between soma size and oxidative enzyme activity of soleus motoneurons was observed at 3 and 6 weeks of age, whereas there was no correlation between them at 12 weeks. Although the oxidative enzyme activity in the soleus muscle increased during postnatal maturation, it showed a decrease in the soleus motoneurons. These data demonstrate that the inverse relationship between soma size and oxidative enzyme activity of rat soleus motoneurons can only be detected in the early postnatal period and that the oxidative enzyme activity in the rat soleus muscle and its motoneurons can change independently during postnatal maturation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Three antigenic regions in p17 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) revealed by mouse monoclonal antibodies and human antibodies in HIV-1 carrier sera.

We investigated the murine antibody response to recombinant p17 (rp17) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and the human antibody response directed to p17 in HIV-1 infection. Three large peptides covering residues 12-29, 53-87 and 87-115 of p17 were synthesized. The cysteine residues 57 and 87 of peptide 53-87 were reoxidized to form a disulfide bridge. Eighteen out of 19 murine monoclonal anti-rp17 antibodies had relatively high affinities (KA = 1.9 x 10(5)-1.4 x 10(8) M-1) with one of the 3 p17 peptides in the liquid phase. Each monoclonal antibody reacted only with one particular peptide and had no reactivity with the other 2 p17 peptides. All the monoclonal antibodies reacted with rp17 in the liquid phase with a reasonable degree of affinity (KA = 2.0 x 10(5)-1.8 x 10(7) M-1). Four HIV-1 carrier sera, which were positive in ELISA using rp17 as the antigen, reacted positively in an ELISA using 3 p17 peptides which were used to titrate murine monoclonal antibodies. Murine monoclonal antibodies having specificity for the 3 p17 peptides stained live HIV-1-infected cells by means of indirect membrane immunofluorescence, irrespective of their specificity. This suggests that the various portions of p17 (at least 3 regions of p17) were exposed on the surface of live infected cells, probably as short polypeptide chains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A case report of Stevens-Johnson syndrome with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

We encountered an 8 year old boy who suffered from Stevens-Johnson syndrome with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. He had multiple erythema with vesicles in oral mucosa, and on his palms and feet, trunk and genital regions. We treated him with prednisolone (1 mg/kg per day) and antibiotics. His skin lesions improved dramatically, and a persistent fever and toxic general condition also showed dramatic improvement. Although the use of corticosteroids for Stevens-Johnson syndrome has recently been controversial, we thought that administration of corticosteroids was an effective treatment for some selective cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The patient reported in this study had many beneficial effects in response to corticosteroid treatment.

Cefamandole↗
PubMed1995

Measurement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p24 in serum by an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay, the two-site immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen was measured by an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (two-site immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay). The antigen was reacted simultaneously with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-biotinyl-bovine serum albumin-anti-recombinant p24 (rp24) Fab' conjugate and anti-rp24 Fab'-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate. The complex that was formed, comprising the three components, was transferred from polystyrene beads coated with affinity-purified (anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group) immunoglobulin G (IgG) to polystyrene beads coated with streptavidin. The detection limit of rp24 was 2.4 fg (0.1 amol) per assay or 0.24 pg/ml with as little as 10 microliters of serum. When sera were treated at low pH, p24 was detected in 34 (68%) of 50 serum samples from asymptomatic carriers, in 25 (86%) of 29 serum samples from patients with advanced HIV-1 infection, and in none of 117 serum samples from HIV-1-seronegative individuals. Levels of p24 in serum were inversely correlated to those of anti-HIV-1 p24 IgG, and the recovery of rp24 added to serum decreased to zero with increasing levels of anti-HIV-1 p24 IgG in serum. This sensitive method may be used as a powerful tool for investigating the disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1995

Modification of mu-opioid agonist-induced locomotor activity and development of morphine dependence by diabetes.

We examined the locomotor-enhancing action of mu-opioid receptor agonists, such as morphine and [D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol5]enkephalin (DAMGO), and physical dependence on morphine in diabetic and nondiabetic mice. Morphine (5-20 mg/kg, s.c.) and DAMGO (1-4 nmol, i.c.v.) had a dose-dependent locomotor-enhancing effect in both nondiabetic and diabetic mice. The locomotor-enhancing effects of morphine and DAMGO were significantly less in diabetic mice than in nondiabetic mice, and were significantly reduced after pretreatment with either beta-funaltrexamine (20 mg/kg, s.c.), a selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist, or naloxonazine (35 mg/kg, s.c.), a selective mu1-opioid receptor antagonist. Both diabetic and nondiabetic mice were chronically treated with morphine (8-45 mg/kg, s.c.) for 5 days. During this treatment, neither diabetic nor nondiabetic mice showed any signs of toxicity. After morphine treatment, withdrawal was precipitated by injection of naloxone (0.3-10 mg/kg, s.c.). Several withdrawal signs, such as weight loss, diarrhea, ptosis, jumping and body shakes, were observed after naloxone challenge in morphine-dependent nondiabetic mice. Although morphine-dependent diabetic mice showed greater weight loss than nondiabetic mice, the incidence of jumping and body shakes after naloxone challenge in diabetic mice were lower than that in nondiabetic mice. These results suggest that diabetic mice are selectively hyporesponsive to mu1-opioid receptor-mediated locomotor enhancement. Furthermore, diabetes may affect mu1-opioid receptor-mediated naloxone-precipitated signs of withdrawal from physical dependence on morphine.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Establishment of metastatic sub-clone from estrogen independent Ishikawa cells and its characterization in vitro and in vivo].

An estrogen (E) independent sub-clone (EIIL) was separated from a human endometrial carcinoma cell line, Ishikawa, by culturing the wild type under an E free condition for 350 days. The cells were then implanted into nude mice subcutaneously and tumors allowed to develop for 35 days. The primary lesions were then excised to stimulate recurrence. One animal developed recurrence with multiple distant metastases. The primary tumor and metastatic tumors from the animal were studied for ErbB-2 expression by immunohystochemical techniques or by a reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expressions of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors, aromatase, nidogen, E receptors, hepatocyte growth factors (HGF) and beta-actin were also examined. The results showed that metastatic lesions expressed high levels of ErbB-2, nidogen and aromatase but unchanged levels of EGF receptors and HGF. The metastatic lesions expressed one third of the E receptors which were detected in the EIIL in vitro. These observations suggest that a decrease in ER along with increased expression of nidogen and aromatase is associated with the process of metastasis and the model appears to be of value in studying the process of the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of 22 primary cardiac myxomas].

We report surgical treatment of 22 patients with primary cardiac myxomas, including 17 left atrial (LA), 3 right atrial (RA), 1 left ventricular and 1 right ventricular myxomas. Eighteen patients manifested congestive heart failure, and an embolic episode was observed in 5 patients preoperatively. Inflammatory laboratory findings were observed in 16 patients. One case of RA myxoma was complex cardiac myxoma. A transverse biatrial approach was useful for removal of large LA myxomas and when the attachment of the tumor was unconfirmed preoperatively. There were no hospital deaths. Stroke occurred in 1 and supraventricular arrhythmia in 3 patients in the early postoperative period. There were 2 late deaths unrelated to cardiac myxomas. No signs of recurrence have been observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A study of living response to artificially synthesized hydroxyapatite implant in the rabbit orbit].

We implanted artificially synthesized hydroxyapatite (a-HA) spheres into the orbits of sixteen rabbits after enucleation. The spheres were removed 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after implantation and examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Tissue breakdown and exposure of a-HA implants were not observed in any case. As time passed, fibrovascular tissue gradually invaded the pores of the HA spheres deeper and deeper. Although the HA used was completely artificially, we observed a mild foreign body reaction around the a-HA sphere. HA spheres are appropriate for orbital implants after enucleation without scleral enveloping.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of diabetes on spontaneous locomotor activity in mice.

Spontaneous locomotor activity in diabetic mice was significantly greater than that in non-diabetic mice. Haloperidol and SCH23390, a selective dopamine D1-receptor antagonist, significantly reduced spontaneous locomotor activity in diabetic mice, but not in non-diabetic mice. Spontaneous locomotor activity in diabetic mice was also reduced by pretreatment with naltrindole, a selective delta-opioid receptor antagonist, and 7-benzylidenenaltrexone, a selective delta1-opioid receptor antagonist. The rate of dopamine turnover in the limbic forebrain in diabetic mice was significantly higher than that in non-diabetic mice. These findings suggest that the enhanced spontaneous locomotor activity in diabetic mice may result from increased dopamine neurotransmission, which might be due to an increase in dopamine release in mesolimbic dopamine systems. The increased dopamine neurotransmission in diabetic mice may also be due to the up-regulation of delta-opioid receptor-mediated functions.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1994

Conjugation of recombinant reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 to beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia coli for ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) of anti-HIV-1 IgG.

Recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 was conjugated to beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia coli in three different ways. Maleimide groups were introduced into beta-D-galactosidase molecules using N,N'-o-phenylenedimaleimide in the absence (method I) or presence (method II) of N-ethylmaleimide or into beta-D-galactosidase molecules, which had been treated with excess of 4,4'-dithiodipyridine to block thiol groups, using N-succinimidyl-6-maleimidohexanoate (method III). Subsequently, the maleimide groups were reacted with thiol groups introduced into recombinant RT molecules using N-succinimidyl-S-acetylmercaptoacetate. The conjugates were tested by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay). The immune complex consisting of 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin-recombinant RT conjugate, anti-HIV-1 IgG and recombinant RT-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate was captured by polystyrene beads coated with (anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group) IgG, eluted with N epsilon-2,4-dinitrophenyl-L-lysine and transferred to polystyrene beads with (anti-human IgG gamma chain) IgG. The conjugate prepared by method III, which showed the least polymerization, the least loss of the specific enzyme activity and the lowest nonspecific binding, improved the sensitivity of the enzyme immunoassay for anti-HIV-1 IgG approximately 30-fold compared with RT-horseradish peroxidase conjugate.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Detection of antibody IgG to HIV-1 in urine by ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using recombinant p24 as antigen for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.

Anti-HIV-1 IgG in urine was detected by an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using recombinant p24 gag protein (p24) of HIV-1 as antigen and beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia coli as label. Anti-HIV-1 IgG in urine was reacted simultaneously with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin-recombinant p24 conjugate and recombinant p24-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate. The complex formed, consisting of the three components, was trapped onto polystyrene balls coated with affinity-purified (anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl group) IgG, eluted with epsilon N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-L-lysine, and transferred to polystyrene balls coated with affinity-purified (anti-human IgG gamma-chain) IgG. Bound beta-D-galactosidase activity was assayed by fluorometry. This assay was at least 3,000-fold more sensitive than conventional methods. The lowest signal among 49 asymptomatic carriers was 3.1-fold higher than the highest nonspecific signal among 100 seronegative subjects. The sensitivity and specificity were both 100%. The positivity could be confirmed by preincubation of urine samples with excess of the antigen. Thus, this assay would be a powerful tool for detecting IgG antibody to HIV-1 in urine.

Adolescent↗