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Biomedical subjects

A S Rabson

Publications and source records attributed to A S Rabson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Latent infection by herpes simplex virus.

The experimental evidence contributing to the understanding of herpes simplex virus latent infection has been reviewed. The site of residence of the virus during silent periods of the disease appears to be, in the majority of instances, the sensory ganglion innervating the territory of prime infection. Little is known about the factors that bring about latent infection, maintain it, and regulate the production of infectious particles that cause recurrences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ultrastructural concomitants of sodium butyrate-enhanced ectopic production of chorionic gonadotropin and its alpha subunit human bronchogenic carcinoma (ChaGo) cells.

Sodium butyrate treatment of cultures of ChaGo (human lung cancer) cells resulted in increased production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and its alpha subunit (hCG-alpha) and induced a variety of morphologic changes. Elongation and flattening of cells were seen by light microscopy. Immunocytochemistry with antisera against hCG and against hCG-alpha showed an increase in cells containing stainable hCG-alpha. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated enhanced adhesion of cells to glass cover slips, with elongation, flattening, and decreased cytoplasmic blebs. Ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy and evaluated quantitatively by an unbiased observer. Significant findings included increases in perinuclear tonofilaments, smooth endoplasmic reticulum vesicles, dense mitochondrial inclusions, and lipid granules, as well as decreases in intercellular desmosomes, free polyribosomes, mitochondrial dense granules, and Golgi complexes. The most notable change, a marked decrease in condensed chromatin clumps, may have reflected a butyrate-induced biochemical modification of chromatin leading to enhanced accessibility of certain genes for transcription.

Butyrates↗
PubMed1979

Rejection of adenovirus 2-transformed cell tumors and immune responsiveness in Syrian hamsters.

Transplantation of adenovirus type 2-transformed cell-induced newborn tumor lines to different aged hamsters revealed that the cell-mediated host defenses responsible for tumor graft rejection matured early in the second week of life. When light microscopic examinations were performed during the course of tumor development, the primary histopathological difference between progressing tumors removed from newborn or thymectomized weanling hamsters and regressing lesions from normal weanlings was the lack of an early, mononuclear cell infiltrate in neoplasms from newborn and thymectomized hosts. These results suggest that the maturation of cellular immunity determines resistance to tumor transplantation in this system. This conclusion was supported by the in vitro detection of concanavalin A-responsive lymphocytes in spleens from tumor-resistant suckling but not tumor-susceptible neonatal hamsters. Although the incomplete seeding of thymus-dependent lymphocytes to the peripheral lymphoid tissues of newborn hamsters may partially explain the deficient concanavalin A responses of neonatal spleen cells, there appears to be an additional requirement for a radioresistant, adherent accessory cell population. These findings suggest that the development of a cell-mediated immune response is necessary for the rejection of adenovirus type 2-transformed cells and transformed cell-induced tumors and that this response requires the interaction of T-cells and accessory cell populations.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1978

Ewing's sarcoma: an autopsy study.

An autopsy study of 26 cases of Ewing's sarcoma treated with radiation to the primary site plus adjuvant chemotherapy has shown metastatic tumor in 23 cases. Metastases were found typically in lungs, pleura, bones and regional lymph nodes. In three cases no tumor could be found at autopsy, and death was due to complications of treatment. Tumor was found in the irradiated primary site in 13 of the 20 cases in which the primary site was examined at autopsy. Histologically, the tumor at autopsy frequently had increased pleomorphism and increased numbers of bizarre giant cells; however, these changes did not affect the presence of glycogen in tumor cells, thus reaffirming the importance of intracytoplasmic glycogen in the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Properties of the cell surface Fc-receptor induced by herpes simplex virus.

Detection of peroxidase-antiperoxidase soluble complexes (PAP) bound to the surface of herpes simplex virus-infected cells has been used to demonstrate virus-induced Fc receptors and to study their distribution. The PAP method is more sensitive than hemadsorption with immunoglobulin-coated sheep red blood cells, and can be used to study localization by light and electron microscopy. Our results indicate that capping takes place after the receptor is engaged by antigen-antibody complexes and that at least a portion of the bound ligand is internalized.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Hexamethylene bisacetamide induces morphologic changes and increased synthesis of procollagen in cell line from glioblastoma multiforme.

Addition to hexamethylene bisacetamide (diacetyldiaminohexane) to cultures of a malignant mesenchymal cell line derived from a human glioblastoma multiforme induces morphological changes and stimulates the synthesis of procollagen. The morphological changes include cell elongation, an increase of extracellular material with staining properties of collagen by light microscopy, and an increase in extracellular 220-A fibrils by electron microscopy. The rate of procollagen synthesis increased as much as 20-fold, and the ratio of type I:type III procollagen changed, with type I becoming the predominant form. The change in type I:type III ratio is similar to that seen in the maturation of normal fetal to adult connective tissue.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1977

Oncogenicity of a nude mouse cell line transformed by a human papovavirus.

Primary cultures of NIH nude mouse (nu/nu) kidney cells were transformed with a human papovavirus (MMV). The transformed cell line expressed T-antigen, and MMV DNA was found to be associated with the cell DNA. When NIH nu/nu mice were inoculated with the transformed cells, they developed tumors at the injection site but failed to generate detectable levels of T-antibody. A control group of nu/+ littermates rejected the tumor inoculum but mounted an antibody response to T-antigen. It was proposed that nude mouse cells may be a suitable system to test oncogenicity of in vitro transformed cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lamella-particle complexes in nuclei of owl monkey kidney cells infected with herpesvirus saimiri.

A complex consisting of ribosome-like particles and a striated lamella occurring in stacked, tubular, and twisted ribbon-like configurations was observed in the nuclei of confluent monolayer cultures of primary owl monkey kidney cells infected with Herpesvirus saimiri. They were similar to the cytoplasmic cylindroid structures seen in some human leukemias and in the lymphoma of the northern pike.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Maintenance of ectopic chorionic gonadotropin and alpha subunit secretion by a human lung cancer cell line (ChaGo) transplanted into nude mice.

ChaGo cells, derived from a human primary carcinoma of the lung, were successfully transplanted into nude mice without any change in morphologic characteristics over four generations and with continued ectopic secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and HCG alpha subunit (HCG-alpha). The concentration of free HCG-alpha was 1,100-fold higher than that of complete HCG in the original ChaGo culture medium but only 35-fold higher in nude mouse plasma, possibly due to slower metabolic clearance of complete HCG. Tumor weights correlated with plasma HCG-alpha but not with HCG. Tumor-bearing mice had significantly heavier uteri than did control mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Prognostic factors in patients undergoing lymphadenectomy for malignant melanoma.

Review of a 19 year experience in melanoma patients undergoinglymphadenectomy at the National Cancer Institute revealedthat the preoperative assessment of the status of theregional lymph nodes was accurate 91% of the time when thesurgeon felt the nodes were clinically positive, and accurate79% of the time when the nodes were judged clinically negative. The 10-year survival in patients with one to three histologicallypositive nodes or no positive nodes was 50-55%, compared to a25% 8-year survival in patients with four or more histologicallypositive nodes. Stepwise multivariate evaluation of prognosticfactors indicated that the most important factor for predictingprognosis is the number of nodes histologically involved. Nodepalpability was the second most important factor because of itshigh correlation with number of nodes histologically involved. Site of melanoma was the third most important factor, aspatients with extremity (upper or lower) melanoma had a bettersurvival (P = 0.002) than patients with axial melanoma (trunkor head and neck). Five years following lymphadenectomythere appeared to be substantial differences in survivalaccording to differences in the level of invasion of the primarylesion, however, these differences were not nearly aspronounced 10 years following node dissection.B The division of melanoma thicknesses into <1.50 mm and>1.50 mm provided some prognostic discrimination at fiveyears but again the differences were not pronounced 10 yearsfollowing node dissection. The thickness measurements wereeasier to determine than the level of invasion, and more reproduceableon resubmission to the same pathologist. Fourpatients with melanoma less than 0.76 mm had subsequentmetastases, but these may represent inadequate sampling of theprimary melanoma both in our series and in the four similarpatients previously reported with such thin metastasizingmelanomas.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Hamster ependymomas produced by intracerebral inoculation of a human papovavirus (MMV).

Ependymomas were produced in 3 of 11 newborn hamsters inoculated intracerebrally with a human papovavirus (MMV) isolated from a malignant lymphoma of the brain of a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. One of the tumors was serially transplanted into weanling hamsters. Cells from the transplanted tumors and from cell cultures derived from these tumors contained an intranuclear "T" antigen that reacted with simian virus 40 T antibody.

Animals↗