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Biomedical subjects

A S Petrova

Publications and source records attributed to A S Petrova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Cytologic diagnosis of metastases of stomach cancer during laparoscopy].

The detection of gastric carcinoma metastases to the peritoneum necessitates the development of a specific treatment strategy. The present paper reviews the results of analyses of ascitic fluid and impressions obtained in laparoscopy from 42 patients. Eighty-one investigations have been carried out. Malignant cells have been detected in 93.1% of impressions and in 50% of ascites. Three types of mesothelial cells are described, all of them present both in the impressions and in the fluid. Type I cells are more incident in proliferation of the mesothelial cells. They are often similar to adenocarcinoma cells as regards their chromatin structure, hyperchromatism, eccentric position of the nucleus, and cytoplasmic basophilia. In distinction from the adenocarcinoma cells, the mesothelial cells are monomorphous and are much smaller. Type I mesothelial cells differ from signet ring cell carcinoma in the following: nuclear hyperchromatism in mesothelial cells is combined with cytoplasmic basophilia, whereas in signet ring cells a colorless vacuole occupies the whole of the cytoplasm in case of a hyperchromatic eccentric nucleus.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Seasonal variations of DNA synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells of hibernating animals--I. DNA synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells of ground squirrel (Citellus undulatus) during deep hibernation.

The conditions for obtaining crypt cells from ground squirrel small intestine were chosen which allow flow-through cytofluorometric analysis of the DNA synthesis of this tissue. DNA synthesis was found to be greatly reduced in the intestinal crypt cells of ground squirrel during deep hibernation in torpid animals, in animals during spontaneous arousals and in animals prevented from hibernation. The conclusion is made about endogenous control of the DNA synthesis in the cells of true hibernators.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1986

[Laser flow cytofluorometry as a supplementary method of determining the degree of tumor differentiation in breast cancer patients].

Content of cell DNA and RNA was studied by method of laser flowing cytophotometry in 21 cases of pretumorous conditions and 64 tumours of mammary gland. A clear-cut difference in DNA and RNA histograms is shown in non-proliferative and proliferative forms of mastopathy, in mastopathy and infiltrating mammary gland carcinoma. Likewise, a clear-cut correlation between the degree of malignancy and a nucleic acid content in the carcinoma cells is established.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[DNA cell content in benign and malignant tumors of various sites].

Three basic approaches to the problem of DNA content in normal and malignant cells are presented. The literature analysis (48 references) indicates the possibility of diagnosis of malignant condition in some tissues on the basis of DNA content measurement if a high number of aneuploid cells non-characteristic for a given state are present in the sample. The question of the correlation between the DNA content and prognosis remains open until now. Although some approaches appear to be perspective at present, literature analysis does not give the evidence of feasibility of using the flow methods for massive screening.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1986

[Morphological and cytophotometric characteristics of polyps of the colon and rectum].

Material from 60 patients with colon and rectum polyps as well as "normal" mucous membrane (44 patients) taken at some distance from polyps are studied. DNA content was measured by a flow cytometry method (ICP-II) in parallel to morphological (cytological and histological) examination of biopsies. Analysis of material was performed by groups depending on the epithelial dysplasia degree in the adenomas. Diploid cells dominated in the adenomas. Significant increase of cells in S- and (G2 + M)-phases of cell cycles is noted in the adenomas with a severe epithelial dysplasia as compared to the adenomas with a mild or moderate dysplasia. Aneuploid cells are detected in 5 adenomas, 4 of them morphologically were those with a severe dysplasia including 2 cases in which it was difficult to differentiate between a severe dysplasia and carcinoma although the signs of invasion were absent.

Colonic Polyps↗
PubMed1986

DNA ploidy and proliferation characteristics of bowel polyps analysed by flow cytometry compared with cytology and histology.

56 human adenomatous bowel polyps and 44 samples of macroscopically unchanged bowel mucosa taken at a distance of 2-10 cm from the polyp were investigated by histology, cytology, and flow cytometry in respect to their dysplasia grade and DNA distributions. 30 human adenomatous polyps of the same localization were investigated by histology and flow cytometry; in 14 cases in addition to the DNA-patterns per se their changes mediated by heparin, a polyanion, were recorded. Histological and cytological investigations revealed mild dysplasia in 25 cases, moderate dysplasia in 43 cases and severe dysplasia in 18 cases. DNA aneuploidy was correlated with the histological finding of mild dysplasia three times, of moderate dysplasia twice and severe dysplasia five times. All other cases, also macroscopically unchanged bowel mucosa revealed DNA diploidy. In these diploid cases, cell cycle stage analysis yielded a higher proportion of cells in S-phase and G2M phase in adenomas with severe dysplasia in comparison to adenomas with moderate and mild dysplasia (P less than 0.05). Macroscopically unchanged bowel mucosa showed about the same values as adenomas with mild dysplasia. The heparin mediated increase in fluorescence intensity is different for adenomas with mild and moderate dysplasia, and attributed to the latter a higher proliferative activity (P less than 0.05).

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Cytological diagnosis of small cell lung cancer].

Morphometric studies using the Integral instrumentation complex and the ICP--II pulsed cytophotometer assays of DNA in lung tumor cells of various histological patterns were conducted to obviate difficulties involved in establishing differential cytologic diagnosis of small cell undifferentiated lung cancer. It was shown that morphometric and pulsed cytophotometric measurements may offer considerable advantage when used in conjunction with other procedures of differential diagnosis with a view to improving diagnosis of various forms of lung tumors and small cell undifferentiated lung cancer, in particular.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Cytological diagnosis of epithelial dysplasias].

The attempt is undertaken to determine the possibilities of the dysplasia cytological diagnosis taking as an example the gynecological smears, smears-prints of the gastrobiopsies and mammary gland punctures. The difficulties are noted with which the cytologist is faced. The correctness of the cytological diagnosis "epithelial proliferation with atypia" and the possibilities of using the term "severe dysplasia" in the pronounced epithelial cells alterations, signs of their disordered differentiation is pointed out.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Cytological classification of bone tumors].

The creation of a classification is a first need for the improvement of the cytological diagnosis. The cytologic classification of bone tumours is worked out on the basis of the International Histological Classification. The possibilities and limitations of the cytologic method are taken into consideration. A brief description of all nosological entities mentioned in the classification is given.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMed1984

[Differential diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous states of the cervix uteri based on the multiparameter analysis of the results of cytological studies].

The problems of the early cytological diagnostics of precancerous and cancerous conditions of the uterine cervix are considered. The algorhithm for a differential diagnostic of borderline conditions in the uterine cervix is presented based on the multiparametric statistical analysis of the morphometric data (surface and perimeter of epithelial cell nuclei). Results are obtained on the semiautomatic cytological analyzer "Integral". The possibility of classification of the early dysplastic epithelial changes (simple dysplasia), advanced dysplasia and cancerous processes in the uterine cervix is shown. The diagnostic errors occur in less than 16% of cases.

Cytodiagnosis↗