Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A S Iagubov.
The paper shows that any system acquires a qualitatively new state if the elements of this system change in number (increase or decrease relative to the standard reference point, i.e. normalcy, the prior status of the system, etc. by less than one third).
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A morphometric study of the basal layer of the epithelium has established the following cell patterns: round, oval, transitional, elongated and narrow. Also, cell peaks 1, 2, A, B and C have been identified. Some oval (peak 1) cells became elongated during proliferation. After the latter cell fraction accounted for 30% of the total cell population 5% became round thus contributing to the peak C fraction, and entered mitosis. It took place when a full equilibrium between the peak A and B fractions in the oval cell population had been reached. Populations of lung cancer cells revealed identical patterns and peaks while the pattern of cell fraction redistribution during entry into mitosis was similar to that of normal corneal epithelium. The rate of cell pattern redistribution in tumor tissue was found to be much higher than that of normal epithelium.
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Ontogenetic differentiation of the lung was shown to be subject to determination, divergence and cell differentiation. Delay in determination was followed by proliferation of stem and precursor cells resulting in various types of dysplasia. Disorders of tissue divergence were observed during differentiation whereas various degree of cell differentiation disturbances was registered in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors.
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Metabolism of arachidonic acid in neutrophils was studied in vitro in blood samples obtained from 36 patients with Hodgkin's disease of various stage and histology and 32 healthy donors. The basic metabolites were: leucotriene B4, such products of its omega-oxidation as 20-hydroxy-leucotriene B4 (20-OH-LTB4) and 20-carboxy-leucotriene B4 (20-COOH-LTB4), and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid. Their profile proved identical in patients with Hodgkin's disease and healthy donors. Most patients with Hodgkin's disease showed a decrease in leucotriene B4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid and an increase in the level of omega oxidation of leucotriene B4 as assessed by omega catabolite/leucotriene B4 ratio. The levels of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenic acid and leucotriene B4 omega-oxidation were found to depend upon histology and stage of Hodgkin's disease. They were nearly normal in patients with stage III, mixed cellular disease, B-symptoms and signs of biologic activity of tumor. A direct correlation was established between the level of leucotriene B4 omega oxidation in neutrophils and that of ceruloplasmin in blood serum of patients with various stages of Hodgkin's disease.
Computerized multifactorial analysis of 56 cytologic features was performed in 135 cases suffering glandular and atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma (45 patients in each group). The established regularities enabled students to differentiate between hyperplasia and cancer in 95% of cases in classes and in 73-83% at examination.
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The main variants of epitheliocytes have been studied, cambial cells have been distinguished. Existence of peculiar columnar cells of epidermal proliferative units have been demonstrated in the mammary gland. They determine honeycomb-shaped organization of the epithelial stratum of the glandular tree of the organ.
Cataplasia staging was carried out with the aid of a morphometric study of cell ultrastructure of 45 infiltrative breast cancers. A coefficient describing the free polyribosome structure proved to be of the greatest predictive value, its magnitude and cataplasia degree being connected by a direct relationship. Many theoretical errors may be avoided due to application of quantitative methods of electron microscopy.
An electron-microscopic study was made of carcinoids, malignant carcinoids and small-cell lung cancer. These neoplasms are shown to represent one histogenetic group--neuroendocrine tumours (apudomas) of the lung. One can distinguish 3 main structural forms among them, i.e. epithelioid, sarcoma-like and symplastic. According to the ultrastructural criteria the neoplasms mentioned can be classified by their differentiation degree, as well, intermediately and poorly differentiated variants. This classification correlates well enough with the catamnesis of patients and may serve for prognosis of the disease.
The paper deals with the electron microscopic analysis of samples of 40 lung tumors histologically diagnosed as carcinoid or malignant carcinoid. The study group was shown to include tumors differing in cell ultrastructure and histological patterns. Three basic tissue patterns formed by 3 specific cellular types were identified: epithelioid, sarcomatoid and symplastic one. Tumors usually showed a combination of the said types with the predominance of one of them. Tumors exhibiting only one morphologic pattern of neurosecretory granules were much more rare. All the neoplasms studied were of neuroendocrine nature.
The research was concerned with electron microscopic analysis of 34 lung tumors histologically identified as small cell lung cancer. It was shown that ultrastructural studies can reliably identify histologic pattern of small cell lung cancer. In most cases, this type of cancer was represented by one of the following histologic patterns: epidermoid, glandular or neuroendocrine, the latter being predominant. An ultrastructural classification of small cell lung cancer is not advisable until a clinico-morphological analysis has been carried out.