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Biomedical subjects

A S Frankel

Publications and source records attributed to A S Frankel.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Behavioral responses of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to full-scale ATOC signals.

Loud (195 dB re 1 microPa at 1 m) 75-Hz signals were broadcast with an ATOC projector to measure ocean temperature. Respiratory and movement behaviors of humpback whales off North Kauai, Hawaii, were examined for potential changes in response to these transmissions and to vessels. Few vessel effects were observed, but there were fewer vessels operating during this study than in previous years. No overt responses to ATOC were observed for received levels of 98-109 dB re 1 microPa. An analysis of covariance, using the no-sound behavioral rate as a covariate to control for interpod variation, found that the distance and time between successive surfacings of humpbacks increased slightly with an increase in estimated received ATOC sound level. These responses are very similar to those observed in response to scaled-amplitude playbacks of ATOC signals [Frankel and Clark, Can. J. Zool. 76, 521-535 (1998)]. These similar results were obtained with different sound projectors, in different years and locations, and at different ranges creating a different sound field. The repeatability of the findings for these two different studies indicates that these effects, while small, are robust. This suggests that at least for the ATOC signal, the received sound level is a good predictor of response.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Botox for rejuvenation of the periorbital region.

Botulinum toxin (Botox) has become accepted as a unique and effective agent for treating various aesthetic concerns. The periorbital anatomy is particularly well suited for Botox treatments and is the most frequent site to benefit from the cosmetic application of the toxin. Therapy is aimed at paralyzing specific muscles in order to reverse their effects on the overlying skin. Cosmetic benefits of Botox treatment include smoother, line-free skin, improved brow contour, and optimal post surgical healing in certain circumstances. Botox therapy is simple, effective, and forgiving, making it very popular among physicians and patients alike. This chapter provides a review of botulinum toxin and practical information regarding its use for aesthetic application in the periorbital region.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed1998

Chemical browlift.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the medial brow can be elevated following administration of botulinum toxin type A (Botox, Allergan, Irvine, Calif). DESIGN: A before-after interventional study comparing pretreatment and posttreatment brow height. Objective measurements and subjective comparisons of pretreatment and posttreatment slides were made by 7 independent observers unaware of treatment status. All measurements and observations were based on standardized photographs taken with identical lens settings. SETTING: Private facial plastic surgery practice. All injections were performed in office examination rooms without anesthesia or sedation. PATIENTS: Thirty adult patients electively seeking improvement of glabellar frown lines or low-positioned medial brows (angry appearance). INTERVENTION: Twenty units of botulinum toxin type A was injected into the corrugator supercilli and procerus muscles. An electromyographic needle was used for the initial 10 injections, and a 30-gauge needle was used for the remainder. OUTCOME MEASURES: In the objective arm, change in brow height was measured from the medial canthus and midpupil directly vertical to the brow hairs; the change in interbrow distance was also measured. In the subjective arm, the number of patients who were found to have an elevated medial brow by the independent observers was noted. Objective and subjective findings were correlated. RESULTS: Objective measurements yielded a raise in the medial brow in 8 (32%) of 25 patients from the medial canthus and in 12 (48%) of 25 from the midpupil and an increase in interbrow distance in 17 (59%) of 29 patients. Subjective comparison found 18 (62%) of the 29 patients to have higher medial brows after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Botulinum toxin type A treatment can create a chemical browlift. Further studies with more specific selection criteria are needed to better evaluate this effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

SMAS rhytidectomy versus deep plane rhytidectomy: an objective comparison.

Although there are a multitude of techniques currently used for performing face lifts, there is no general agreement as to which, if any, of these techniques is most effective. There may never be a definitive answer to this issue because of the highly subjective nature of aesthetics, variability among surgeons, differences in patient anatomy, and specific patient desires. In an attempt to evaluate face lift techniques objectively, this study compares the rate of patients undergoing a tuck procedure after traditional SMAS (superficial musculoaponeurotic system) rhytidectomy to that of patients after deep plane rhytidectomy. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent a tuck procedure following a face lift by the senior author (Kamer) between July of 1990 and January of 1997. There were 634 patients who electively underwent either a SMAS or deep plane type of rhytidectomy during the 6.5-year period; 48 patients subsequently underwent tuck operations, and adequate information was available on 44 patients. Of these, 43 were women and the average age was 57 years. The overall tuck rate from July of 1990 to January of 1997 was 7.5 percent. The tuck rate following SMAS rhytidectomy was 11.4 percent, and that following deep plane rhytidectomy was 3.3 percent. Therefore, a tuck was required 71 percent less frequently after a deep plane lift than after a SMAS lift. This was found to be a statistically significant difference with a p value of .0001 (Fisher's exact test, 2-tail). If the assumption is made that the need for a tuck procedure implies a less than optimal face lift, then the data of this study suggest that the deep plane technique is more effective than the SMAS technique.

Esthetics↗
PubMed1997

Isolated submentoplasty. A limited approach to the aging neck.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application of a limited submentoplasty for improving the aesthetics of the cervical region. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Private facial plastic surgery practice. All procedures were performed at an ambulatory surgical facility on an outpatient basis. PATIENTS: Forty patients (36 women and 4 men) ranging from 37 to 68 years of age with a mean age of 52 years. Surgical procedures were performed over a 4-year period and follow-up ranged from 3 months to 3.5 years with a mean follow-up of 1.2 years. INTERVENTION: Isolated submentoplasty operations performed by the senior surgeon (F.M.K.) over a 4-year period. OUTCOME MEASURES: Aesthetic appearance of the neck as determined by comparison of preoperative and postoperative physical examinations and photographs, subjective patient responses, and chart reviews to determine complications. RESULTS: Eighty percent success rate and 10% complication rate, with these complications being minor and easily correctable. CONCLUSION: Isolated submentoplasty is a viable option for correction of cervical deformities in selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The effect of blepharoplasty on eyebrow position.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if upper eyelid blepharoplasty causes eyebrow position to drop in a cosmetic surgery population. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational study. A treatment group that underwent upper eyelid blepharoplasty was compared with a matched control group that did not undergo the surgery. SETTING: Private facial plastic surgery practice. All surgery was performed at an ambulatory surgical facility on an outpatient basis. PATIENTS: A total of 82 patients (164 eyes) were included in this study: 54 (8 men and 46 women; average age, 46.8 years) in the treatment group and 28 (6 men and 22 women; average age, 43.8 years) in the control group. The treatment group was chosen in a retrospective fashion to include only those patients (1) for whom preoperative and postoperative photographs were available and (2) who had undergone upper eyelid blepharoplasty by the senior author (F.M.K). These patients underwent no other procedures, either before or during the time span between the photographs, that could affect eyebrow position. The control group consisted of patients who had an available set of matching photographs taken over time. These patients did not undergo blepharoplasty or any other procedure that could alter eyebrow position between their initial and final photographs. INTERVENTION: Upper eyelid blepharoplasty performed by the senior surgeon (F.M.K.). The surgical technique was identical in all cases. OUTCOME MEASURE: The change in eyebrow height reflected as a percentage of the pretreatment height. Results are based on measurements taken from standardized photographs. RESULTS: Original treatment and control groups of 108 and 56 eyes, respectively, were restricted to a smaller number to create similar populations for comparison. Therefore, 40 eyes in the treatment group were matched with 28 eyes in the control group to control for the duration between measurements. A t test found no significant difference (P = .94) in eyebrow height between patients who had a blepharoplasty and those who had not. CONCLUSION: In a cosmetic surgery population, upper eyelid blepharoplasty does not cause a lowering of the eyebrow.

Eyebrows↗
PubMed1989

Rhabdomyolysis, renal failure and schizophrenia.

Rhabdomyolysis appears to be a complication that psychiatrists need to be aware of. A case is reported here of a patient who developed rhabdomyolysis and renal failure as a result of intense activity during a psychotic episode.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

Air embolism during posterior spinal fusion.

A 12-year-old healthy girl underwent a 13-level posterior spinal fusion with Harrington rod, Luque instrumentation and Drummond spinous process wires for scoliosis repair. Her anaesthetic induction and initial intraoperative course were completely uneventful until a precipitous blood pressure drop occurred accompanied by a significant decrease in heart rate. The Harrington rod was being manipulated at the same time as bone chips were being removed from the iliac crest. Although more common intraoperative events were presumed and treatment initiated, venous air embolism (VAE) was considered the aetiology of these events when a transient decrease in the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and an increase in the end-tidal nitrogen (ETN2) was noted by mass spectrometry. This transient episode resolved within a relatively narrow window of time, and the case proceeded without further incident, including a wake-up test, to the conclusion of surgery.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Elimination of the sarcoma genome from murine sarcoma virus transformed cat cells.

Cat cells transformed by Moloney murine sarcoma virus contain virus-specific sequences in their RNA and DNA. Cloned, spontaneous revertant cell lines derived from clones of these cells had no evidence of the sarcoma genome in the cell RNA or DNA as judged by RNA-complementary DNA or DNA-complementary DNA hybridizations. ?This is apparently the first report of loss of a transforming genome in a revertant cell line.

Cell Line↗