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Biomedical subjects

A S Ametov

Publications and source records attributed to A S Ametov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[An AT-II blocker in patients with type II diabetes and arterial hypertension].

The subjects of the study were 30 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and mild or moderate arterial hypertension. Clinical-and-hemodinamic organoprotective effects of eprosartan, a new angiotensin II blocker, was evaluated in these patients within 16 weeks. The study found a good hypotensive effect of monotherapy with eprosartan in a mean therapeutic dose of 600 mg/day--the target blood pressure levels were achieved in 63.3% of the patients. Fasting insulin level and insulin resistance decreased, which improved hydrocarbonate and lipid exchange parameters. Eprosartan was significantly effective as an organoprotective agent: the patients displayed improvement of eye ground vessel condition, decrease of microalbuminuria, improvement of cardiodynamic parameters i.e. decrease of the thickness of left ventricular (LV) back wall and intravenricular septum, as well as reduction of myocardial mass index. 70% of the patients demonstrated improvement of LV diastolic function.

Acrylates↗
PubMed2006

[Current options of insulin resistence correction in patients with metabolic syndrome].

AIM: To study thiasolidindion drug pioglitazone for efficacy in metabolic syndrome (MS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients with MS were examined at baseline and after 12 week therapy with pioglitazone. The examination included estimation of fasting and postprandial glycemia, insulin resistance index, HOMA-IR index, HbAlc, lipid profile, microalbuminuria (MAU), blood pressure, endothelium-related vasodilation. RESULTS: Pioglitazone therapy for 12 weeks significantly reduced HbAlc, fasting and postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, HOMA-IR, improved blood lipid spectrum, reduced visceral obesity. CONCLUSION: Positive effects were also achieved on blood pressure, MAU and endothelium-related vasodilation.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed2006

[The role of fat tissue in development of metabolic disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity].

AIM: To specify changes in clinicolaboratory parameters in reduction of obesity in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Antropometry, densitometry of fat tissue (FT) were made and parameters of fat and carbohydrate metabolism (lipidogram, glycated hemoglobin, immunoreactive insulin), FT secretory activity (leptin, adiponectin, TNF-alpha) were studied in 75 obese DM-2 patients. After the above primary examination all the patients were randomized into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 55) received xenical (120 mg 3 times a day) and kept moderate hypocaloric diet; group 2 (n = 20) received only the above diet therapy. Active treatment lasted 24 weeks. RESULTS: In addition to symptoms of metabolic syndrome (MS) the patients were found to have secretory disturbances of FT activity: elevation of leptin and TNF-alpha levels, subnormal adiponectin. These alterations directly correlated with body mass, FT mass gain, increase in waist circumference. Hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypoadiponectinemia were considered as markers of insulin resistance (IR) and related conditions. Xenical promoted a significant weight loss resulting in a positive trend in the parameters of adipokines, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, in reduction of IR. CONCLUSION: Xenical is beneficial for patients with DM-2 and obesity because it improves metabolic processes.

Adiponectin↗
PubMed2006

[Metabolic and hemodynamic effects of pioglitazone in obese patients with type 2 diabetes].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pioglitazon, a hypoglycemizing preparation belonging to the group of thiazolidinediones, in treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. Twenty DM type 2 patients were included in the study. The use of pioglitazon during 12 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin, fasting glycemia, and postprandial reduction in insulinemia and insulinoresistance index HOMA-IR, as well as an improvement of lipid blood spectrum and the lessening of visceral obesity. Besides, a positive effect on arterial pressure was noted. The study revealed no significant adverse effects; good tolerance to treatment was noted in 90% of the patients.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed2005

[NO synthesis in the vascular endothelium of patients with type II diabetes].

The subjects of the study were 30 patients with type II diabetes and arterial hypertension. The purpose of the study was comparative clinical characterization of type II diabetes patients with and without microalbuminuria (MAU), and evaluation of effects of 16-week therapy aimed at stimulation of NO synthesis by vascular endothelium, on the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The results show that patients with MAU, unlike those without it, are characterized by longer course of diabetes, more pronounced lipid exchange disorder, more variable arterial pressure, higher pressure load index, elevated activity of lipid peroxidation (LP) processes, prominent disorder of NO-producing endothelial function. After 16 weeks of treatment, both groups demonstrated significant increase of NO basal secretion, prominent reduction of arterial hypertension, significant improvement of important carbohydrate and lipid exchange parameters, reduction of LP activity, and thus reduction of MAU. The listed changes were more significant in patients with MAU.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed2005

[Effect of metabolic factors on the vasorelaxation endothelial function in patients with type II diabetes and arterial hypertension].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional condition of the endothelium in patients with type II diabetes and arterial hypertension, depending on various metabolic factors. 85 patients aged 54.69 +/- 7.08 years were under dynamic observation. The patients had had diabetes and arterial hypertension (AH) for 5.99 +/- 4.37 and 8.65 +/- 5.52 years, respectively. The average HbAlc level was 7.91 +/- 1.73 mmol/ 1, total cholesterol level--6.35 +/- 1.81 mmol/l, body weight index--32.98 +/- 5.14 kg/m2. The average systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were 162 +/- 7.6 and 97 +/- 3.4 mmHg, respectively. Carbohydrate and lipid exchange parameters, the extent of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, and lipid peroxidation activity were evaluated. The functional condition of the endothelium was evaluated by D. Celermajer non-invasive measurement of flow-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) of the brachial artery (BA) using high-resolution ultrasound. 87% of the patients with type II diabetes and AH had endothelial dysfunction (ED), revealed by reactive hyperemia test; 30% of the patients had significant disorder of vasoreactivity (no BA artery diameter increase, but paradoxical vasoconstriction in response to reactive hyperemia). The presence and length of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in the patients with type II diabetes and AH depended on the length of diabetes, the length and extent of AH, and presence of long-term macro- and microvascular complications (coronary heart disease, diabetic retino- and nephropathy). The study did not found any dependence of the vasorelaxing endothelial function on glycosylated hemoglobin level, atherogenic blood lipid spectrum fractions, or lipid peroxidation activity. EDVD positively correlated with ApoA-1 protein level, reflecting the antiatherogenic potential of blood lipid spectrum.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Differential diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in adults: assessment of immunogenetic markers of insulin dependence].

To assess immunogenetic markers of insulin dependence (IMID), 117 patients with diabetes mellitus of the adults (DMA) were examined. Of them, 97 patients (77 females and 20 males, 41 and 10 obese, respectively) were insulin dependent and 20 (8 males and 12 females) had classic diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. All the analysed immunogenetic markers (genotype SS/SS, alleles 04*, 0301 in HLA-DQ*A2, haplotype A1*0301-B1*0302) were associated most often with insulin-dependent DMA. The following conclusions were made: both DMA variants can be definitely differentiated only by clinico-anamnestic screening; there were no differences in distribution of the alleles 0301 in DQ*A1 and 0302 in DQ*B1 in different variants of DMA; alleles 04* and 0301 DQ*A1 significantly more frequently occur in DM type 1 than DM type 2; 0301 allele was more frequent in patients with insulin-dependent DM type 2 vs DM type 2; an expectant genetic marker of insulin-dependence (haplotype 0301/0302) occurs significantly more frequently in insulin-dependent DMA than in healthy subjects and DM type 2.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed2004

[Complex assessment of metabolic parameters in obese patients treated with xenical].

AIM: To study effects of xenical combined with moderately hypocaloric diet on fat tissue mass, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 patients with body mass index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2, mild and moderate arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. The patients were divided into two groups. 30 patients of group 1 received xenical in a dose 120 mg 3 times a day for 24 weeks. 30 patients of the control group received only the above diet for 24 weeks. The examination included 24-h monitoring of arterial pressure, anthropometric measurements, tests for glycemia, C-peptide, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), LDLP, HDLP. RESULTS: Group 1 patients reduced their weight by 10.8 +/- 7.5 kg and fat tissue mass by 9.4 +/- 9.2 kg. This was in correlation with improvement of fatty, carbohydrate metabolism, arterial pressure. After 24 weeks of therapy xenical lowered cholesterol by 15%, LDLP cholesterol by 20%, TG by 28%, systolic and diastolic pressure by 5 and 4%. CONCLUSION: Combination of xenical with hypocaloric diet can be used in therapy of patients with metabolic syndrome.

Anti-Obesity Agents↗
PubMed2004

[Results of surgical treatment of coronary heart disease in patients with type II diabetes mellitus].

One hundred and twenty-eight patients after aorto-coronary bypass were studied, 75 of them had coronary heart disease in combination with type II diabetes mellitus (study group), 53 - coronary heart disease only (control group). The patients with diabetes were transferred on insulin before surgery, this therapy was continued during 2 weeks after surgery. Number of myocardial infarctions, degree of coronary arteries lesion, rate of complications in early postoperative period were compared in both groups. There were no significant differences. It is concluded that type II diabetes is not contraindication to aorto-coronary bypass.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Insulin therapy in patients with myocardial ischemia and type II diabetes before and after myocardial revascularization].

Fifty-two patients with coronary heart disease and type II diabetes have undergone myocardial revascularization. Correction of glycemia with insulin was carried out before, during and after surgery by standard schemes. Lethality and early postoperative purulent complications were compared. There were no significant differences in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Good compensation of diabetes mellitus to recommend aorto-coronary bypass surgery in patients with type II diabetes on the same indications as for non-diabetic patients.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed2004

[The role of hypersympathycotony in development of arterial hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome: potential of pathogenetically sound therapy].

AIM: To assess hypotensive efficacy and metabolic neutrality of moxonidine (physiotenz)--a selective agonist of imidasoline receptors--in patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension (AH) associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Follow-up and treatment were conducted in 30 hypertensive diabetics (mean age 52.43 +/- 4.65 years). Mean duration of DM and AH was 4.77 +/- 2.69 and 6.93 +/- 2.98 years, respectively. The study was made of lipid exchange, glycemia, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (GH), fasting and postprandial immunoreactive insulin. Hypotensive efficacy was examined by 24-h monitoring of arterial pressure after 16 weeks of therapy. RESULTS: Mean 24-h systolic arterial pressure fell by 8.02%, diastolic arterial pressure--by 6.47%. The drug had a good effect on a 24-h profile of arterial pressure: a significant decrease of day and night pressure load index, lowering of initially high 24-h variability of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, normalization of two-phase profile of arterial pressure. Carbohydrate metabolism improved also: GH, glycemia, immunoreactive insulin decreased. There was a significant trend to a change in qualitative composition of blood lipid--a decrease in lipoproteins atherogenic fractions and a rise in HDLP. CONCLUSION: Physiotens is a highly effective hypotensive drug for use in mild and moderate AH in DM of type 2.

Antihypertensive Agents↗