ANCA in diseases other than systemic vasculitis.
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Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
Biomedical subjects
A Rump
Publications and source records attributed to A Rump.
Tandem arrangement of tRNA(Asp)-encoding genes in Phytophthora spp.
We have cloned a region of repetitive DNA from the phytopathogenic fungus, Phytophthora parasitica. The cloned region consists of 17 highly homologous units arranged in tandem. The consensus sequence is 562 bp long and carries the information for a tRNA(Asp). All sequence motifs required for efficient RNA polymerase III transcription are present, and the tRNA derived from the nucleotide sequence is able to form a complete cloverleaf structure with high homology to previously characterized tRNA(Asp) molecules. The isolated tRNA(Asp) gene cluster is located at a distance of 20 kb from the TRP1 gene of P. parasitica. It comprises about 0.1% of the total genomic DNA. Similar clusters were detected in four other Phytophthora species.
Base Sequence↗
Nucleotide sequence of a 24,206-base-pair DNA fragment carrying the entire nitrogen fixation gene cluster of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The complete nucleotide sequence (24,206 base-pairs) of the Klebsiella pneumoniae gene region for nitrogen fixation (nif) is presented. Coding regions corresponding to the 19 known nif genes (including nifW and nifZ) could be identified. An additional open reading frame of 216 base-pairs, called nifT, was detected between nifK and nifY. Search for transcriptional signal structures revealed some unusual features: (1) several possible NifA-binding motifs are present in the intergenic regions between nifJ and nifH as well as between nifX and nifU; (2) a perfect NifA-binding motif, preceding the nifENX promoter, is located within an inverted repeat structure; (3) structures resembling the consensus nif promoter are found within the coding regions of nifW and nifZ and, together with a NifA-binding motif, in nifN. Typical rho-independent termination structures were detected only downstream from the nifHDKTY and the nifBQ operons. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed the presence of two Cys-X2-Cys-X2-Cys-X3-Cys-Pro clusters in the pyruvate-flavodoxin oxidoreductase NifJ. This arrangement of cysteine residues is normally present only in ferredoxins. A high degree of homology between the two gene products (NifE and NifN) involved in iron-molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis and the two nitrogenase component I structural proteins (NifD and NifK) was found. All four proteins are characterized by the conserved motif His-Gly-X2-Gly-Cys, which may play a role in binding the iron-molybdenum cofactor.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[173 cases of insulin-induced hypoglycemia admitted to the hospital].
From 1980 to 1985, 120 insulin-dependent diabetics were admitted to the emergency department of the Cantonal Hospital, Basle, for altogether 173 severe hypoglycemic attacks. Relating these numbers to a total of 700 insulin-dependent diabetics in Basle, this means an hypoglycemia incidence of 4.2 per 100 treatment years. The principal causes were: dietary error or increased physical activity (43.7%); increase in daily insulin dose by the patient or his doctor (14.6%); and other illnesses, mostly involving the gastrointestinal tract (10.9%). Age and duration of insulin treatment were risk factors for the occurrence of hypoglycemic episodes. Thus, comparing patients at the Cantonal Hospital with or without hypoglycemia, there were significantly more hypoglycemic attacks (p less than 0.05) in the group of patients aged over 60 years or who had been treated with insulin for more than ten years. Average daily dose of insulin was about the same in both groups (35.8 U daily with hypoglycemia; 39.6 U without). Regardless of the daily number of injections, hypoglycemia occurred most frequently between 10 and 13 h and before the evening meal between 17 and 19 h.
Adult↗
[The relatively frequent incidence of severe sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia in the last 25 years in Switzerland. Results of 2 surveys in Switzerland in 1969 and 1984].
In 1969 and 1984 all emergency wards in Switzerland were asked to report on the incidence of severe episodes of hypoglycemia (HE) during treatment with sulfonylureas. Each of the two surveys referred to a ten-year period (period A 1960-1969, period B 1975-1984). The number of HE reported was 78 for period A and 116 for period B. The number of diabetics treated with sulfonylurea preparations was established on the basis of tablet consumption, which amounted to 35,000 in period A and 47,500 in period B. The incidence of hypoglycemia in each period was comparable (period A 0.22, and period B 0.24 per 1000 patient years), but differed with regard to the sulfonylurea preparations used. In period A hypoglycemic episodes occurred more frequently under chlorpropamide than under tolbutamide and carbutamide. In period B the incidence of episodes under chlorpropamide and glibenclamide was comparable, but was significantly higher than under tolbutamide and glibornuride. The risk of hypoglycemia occurring is thus significantly higher under glibenclamide and chlorpropamide than under glibornuride and tolbutamide. 6.5% of HE were fatal in period A, compared with 4.3% in period B. Advanced age proved to be a risk factor in HE: 77% of patients with HE were over 69 years of age, whereas only 50% of all diabetics treated with sulfonylurea preparations were in this age group. Further risk factors were impaired renal function (21%) and possible drug interactions (27%). There was less likelihood of recurrence of a hypoglycemic episode in period B than in period A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Assay of bovine interferons in cultures of the porcine cell line IB-RS-2.
An assay for bovine interferons has been developed using the porcine cell line IB-RS-2 and a bovine enterovirus, CBV-D, as challenge virus. The method is based on estimation of cytopathic effect measured by uptake of neutral red. Teh assay is simple, sensitive, and reproducible. A comparative test of different viruses in IB-RS-2 cells and secondary calf kidney cells revealed that the sensitivity of a virus to interferon can vary up to 1,000-fold in the two cell systems. Vesicular stomatitis virus was found to be rather insensitive to interferon in IB-RS-2 cells.
Animals↗
Evaluation of an efavirenz-containing regimen: an open-label, multicenter study.
PURPOSE: Efavirenz (EFV) has been shown to be a highly effective HIV therapy in antiretroviral-naïve patients when used with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. METHOD: The study participants were 314 patients, 45 of whom had not been previously treated with any antiretroviral medication. The other patients were heavily pretreated for about 3 years (1,047 days); 34 with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 147 with triple therapy, and 88 with a quadruple regimen. RESULTS: Suppression of plasma HIV-1 RNA to <50 copies/mL and <500 copies/mL was achieved in 56% and 72% of the pretreated patients and in 82% and 91% of the naïve patients, respectively, at week 80 (intention-to-treat analysis: noncompleters = failure: 10% and 15% and 20% and 22%, respectively). The viral load reduction at week 80 was 0.7 log(10) for the pretreated patients and 2.6 log(10) for the naïve patients. CD4 cell counts increased from 386 to 474 cells/microL at week 80 in the pretreated group and from 264 to 431 in the naïve patients. 118 patients discontinued the treatment due to adverse events (37 patients due to nervous system symptoms and 15 patients because of exanthema). There were no AIDS-defining events in the group of antiretroviral-treated patients. CONCLUSION: EFV in combination with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors as antiretroviral therapy was potent and effective in reducing viral load, mainly in treating therapy-naïve patients and in preventing AIDS-defining events.
Alkynes↗