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Biomedical subjects

A Ruggiero

Publications and source records attributed to A Ruggiero.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Anesthesia in the diagnostic stages of cerebral arteriovenous malformations in children under 3 years of age].

From 1974 through 1989, 36 patients with arteriovenous malformations were treated in the neuroradiological unit of the Santobono Children's Hospital, in Naples, 7 of these patients were younger than 3 years of age. During such a time-span, dramatic improvements in diagnostic work-up were jelded by introduction of CT-scan and MRI; better angiographic techniques, progress in anaesthesia drugs, equipment and procedures and more rational surgical modalities. Anaesthesia must be tailored in each patient with special consideration of the clinical and neurological conditions of the patients as well of the neuroradiological procedure, specifically, with minimal side effects on cardiovascular and respiratory functions as well on intracranial pressure. The present paper discuss of equipment for cardiovascular assistance and drugs to be employed in the various steps of the diagnostic work-up of such patients.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1990

[Peroperative recovery in surgery of arteriovenous malformations in children under the age of 3 years].

From 1974 through 1989, 36 patients with arteriovenous malformations were studied in the neurosurgical department of the Santobono Children's Hospital in Naples; 7 of these patients were younger than three years of age: 5 underwent surgery. The remaining 2 patients presented, respectively, an aneurysm of the vein of Galen and an arteriovenous malformation of the brain stem. Improvements in surgical and anesthesiological techniques allow to treat lesions considered as not amenable to surgery until recent years, with minimal occurrence of preoperative and postoperative complication and a significant amelioration of prognosis.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1989

Critical density fluctuations in lipid bilayers detected by fluorescence lifetime heterogeneity.

The heterogeneity of the decay of the fluorescence of transparinaric acid in single-component lipid bilayers at temperatures above their gel/liquid crystalline phase transition is shown to be due to the presence of regions of higher local density and higher acyl chain order than the predominant fluid regions. This conclusion is based on selective excitation behavior and the observation of time-resolved fluorescence anisotropies that increase at long times. The fractional amplitude of the long lifetime component of the fluorescence shows a temperature variation that conforms to conventional descriptions of critical behavior. The critical exponent extracted from this variation is 1.1, close to the value of 1.0 that describes ultrasonic data. We therefore conclude that liquid crystalline lipid bilayers exhibit critical behavior with significant density and order fluctuations. This behavior must be taken into account in the interpretation of fluorescence and other spectroscopic measurements of the properties of bilayers.

Kinetics↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of the anisotropy decay of trans-parinaric acid in lipid bilayers.

An analysis is presented of the complex anisotropy behavior of trans-parinaric acid in single component DEPC lipid bilayers. It is shown that a model involving two species with distinct lifetime and motional behavior is required, and is adequate, to explain the observed data. In particular, the observed increase in the anisotropy at long times demonstrates the presence of a species with a long fluorescence lifetime that has a high anisotropy. The time dependence of the anisotropy for these two environments is treated using both a purely mathematical sum of exponentials and a constrained fit based on an approximate solution of the anisotropic diffusion problem. In this latter model the anisotropy is described in terms of the second and fourth rank order parameters, (P2) and (P4), and a single dynamical parameter, D1, the perpendicular diffusion coefficient for this uniaxial probe. The parameters of both models are accurately determined from the fits to the data when two environments coexist and an association is made between lifetime components and distinct rotational sites. The values of the parameters obtained demonstrate the "solid-like" and "fluidlike" nature of these two coexisting environments.

Fatty Acids, Unsaturated↗
PubMed1989

[An unusual case of atlanto-axial traumatic dislocation in a child].

The authors refer about a rare case of traumatic atlo-axial dislocation observed three months after the accident. The traumatic etiology was caused by an episode of violence within child's family. The characteristic of the lesion, the months intervened since the traumatic accident, the involved health of the patient and the importance of neurological damage imposed the surgical corrective treatment of the lesion. The authors report about the care of the patient, particularly about the anesthesiological techniques and intensive care during the surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Interesting changes in blood fibrinolysis following administration of acetylsalicylic acid in vascular diseases of the lower limbs].

After reference to the results of investigations reported in literature with regard to the effects of ingestion of acetylsalicylic acid on the blood biochemism in normal and pathological conditions, the Authors illustrate the results of their research on patients with chronic obstructive arteriopathy or with post-phlebitic syndrome of the lower limbs. An accurate evaluation was made of the variations induced in some important blood coagulation parameters by the said drug, which was found to cause a clear increase in fibrinolytic activity and which is moreover endowed with marked antithrombophilic therapeutic capacity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of interstitial lung involvement in patients with connective tissue diseases assessed with high-resolution computed tomography.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with different forms of connective tissue disease (CTD) using non-invasive procedures including high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and to evaluate the relationship between the imaging and functional status of the patients. METHODS: Eighty-one subjects with CTD (47 inpatients and 34 outpatients) were evaluated with pulmonary function tests (PFT) and radiological investigations. The extent and severity of lung disease was quantified with an HRCT scoring system previously used in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Interstitial lung involvement was defined as predominantly fibrotic or inflammatory based on HRCT abnormalities. RESULTS: HRCT abnormalities suggestive of ILD were observed in 69 patients (85.1%), whereas PFT and plain radiograph alterations occurred less frequently (40.7%). The most frequent HRCT abnormalities were septal/subpleural lines and ground-glass appearance whereas lesions consistent with advanced fibrosis were observed in a minority of patients. The HRCT score was higher in patients with abnormal PFT (p<0.001). Thirty-five patients had predominant fibrosis and 34 patients predominantly inflammatory abnormalities. A score of 10 points represented the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity in predicting functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of ILD was found based on HRCT abnormalities. However, HRCT scans characterized by minor abnormalities have poor specificity for clinically significant disease and functional findings should also be considered. The large number of patients with predominantly inflammatory HRCT abnormalities suggests that many cases of ILD may be diagnosed in a relatively early stage of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoid tumors of the appendix in children: two case reports and review of the literature.

Carcinoid is the most common tumor of the appendix. Reported incidence in pediatric population is 1 per 100,000 per annum. Clinical presentation like acute appendicitis is frequent, but carcinoid tumor can be an incidental finding during surgical procedures other than appendectomy. Size and depth of invasion are important prognostic criteria and tumors larger than 2 cm metastasize more frequently than smaller ones. Simple appendectomy is considered appropriate treatment, while right colectomy is indicated in tumor bigger than 2 cm. The authors report 2 cases of carcinoid tumors of the appendix in children, smaller than 2 cm treated with appendectomy alone, and disease free at follow-up.

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia complicating a postneonatal pertussis pneumonia.

The authors describe a 2-month-old female with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia complicating a pertussis pneumonia. The baby was admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for monitoring and treatment. Remission occurred without sequelae, but multiple hemotransfusions were needed in the acute phase. This represents the first reported case of such a complication in childhood.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗