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Biomedical subjects

A Ruffino-Netto

Publications and source records attributed to A Ruffino-Netto.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Surveillance and active search of suspected cases of hemorrhagic dengue in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo].

A clinical-epidemiological case study was carried out to evaluate a surveillance and active search system for suspect cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) during a dengue epidemic in the Ribeirão Preto municipality, State of São Paulo, Brazil, between November 1990 and March 199. This was the first dengue epidemic ever recorded in this region. Although dengue is a growing public health problem in Brazil, and DHF/DSS has been reported to be evolving in the Americas, health officials have shown a passive attitude towards the disease, partly due to lack of experience. Reporting dengue occurrences, both of isolated cases and of epidemics, is essential to reduce mortality. The data analyzed were collected through the official epidemiological surveillance system during the 1990-1991 epidemic. Out of 2,521 confirmed cases of dengue, 34 cases of febrile acute illness with hemorrhagic manifestations were identified as possible cases of DHF/DSS, as well as two deaths associated to dengue. From these 36 cases, 12 cases were confirmed by laboratory exams as dengue with hemorrhagic manifestations. Examinations of clinical and laboratory data, and results of the autopsies suggested that the two deaths were cases of primary DHF/DSS. The difficulty of the health system in establishing the clinical suspicion of DHF/DSS was confirmed in the study. This resulted in delayed and inadequate clinical procedure. The present study also confirmed the need for a permanent active epidemiological surveillance system for the early identification of DHF/DSS suspect cases thus enabling quick and adequate control actions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of the excess of cases of tuberculosis due to HIV/AIDS infection: a preliminary assay].

An exercise for the estimation of the percentage risk of cases of tuberculosis attributable to co-infection HIV/AIDS, using the following formula, is propounded: RA%=p[m2r(hR-h)] + (1-p)[m3r (hR-h)]/p[m1+m2r (hR+1-h)] + (1-p)[m3r (hR+1-h)] x 100 where: p= proportion of BK infected, r= risk of tuberculosis infection, h= proportion of persons infected with HIV, m1= breakdown rate of endogenous tuberculosis, m2= breakdown rate of exogenous tuberculosis, m3= breakdown rate of primary tuberculosis, R= relative risk of morbidity among persons infected with HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

[Dengue in a urban locality of southeastern Brazil: epidemiological aspects].

A dengue fever epidemic which occurred in Ribeirão Preto County, S. Paulo State, Brazil, during the period November, 1990 to March, 1991 has been analysed elsewhere. The general aspects of dengue epidemiology and control have been reviewed in this article. Emphasis is given to the analysis of some factors involved in the risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever and ecological aspects of the vector, as well as to the appropriateness of strategies for dengue eradication or control. Epidemiological characteristics of dengue, mainly those related to its occurrence in different geographical areas and periods of time are described. The Ribeirão Preto epidemic has thus, been set within the context of the spread of the disease at global level, in the Americas, and particularly in Brazil and S. Paulo State.

Brazil↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiological study of Brazilian purpuric fever. Epidemic in a locality of São Paulo state (Brazil), 1986].

A case control model was used in the study of an outbreak of Brazilian purpuric fever BPF which occurred in Serrana, S. Paulo State, Brazil, in 1986. Three hypotheses were raised: 1--purulent conjunctivitis is associated with BPF; 2--a cluster effect occurs in BPF; 3--respiratory symptoms may be a variation of the clinical picture of the disease. Numerical values were attributed to different findings, as follows: fever = 5; diarrhea and/or vomiting = 1; haemorrhagic findings = 3; thrombocytopenia and/or leukopenia = 3; Haemophilus aegyptius positive hemoculture and/or Haemophilus aegyptius positive cerebrospinal fluid culture and/or H. a. oropharynx culture = 7; Waterhouse Friedrichsen syndrome = 7. Those cases for which the sum total of points reached or exceeded 13 were considered as confirmed and those obtaining between 8 and 12 were considered as suspect. Children with a score below 5 were taken as control cases. Cases and controls were matched according to sex, age and socioeconomic level. The total groups studied included 14 confirmed cases, 38 suspect cases and 78 controls. It was concluded that purpuric fever is strongly associated with previous and/or present purulent conjunctivities; a cluster effect seems to occur; respiratory symptoms such as coughing and/or coryza were not associated with BPF.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Association of abreugraphic findings of the respiratory tract and clinical manifestations].

A retrospective study of hospital charts was conducted for the purpose of analysing the association of roent-genphotographs obtained routinely at the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, since 1967, with the records of respiratory symptoms and pneumopathic diagnosis found in the medical case histories as from the patients' first clinical out-patient consultation at that hospital. For this purpose, 997 patients with abnormal pulmonary roentgenphotography findings were matched according to sex and age with the same number of controls (normal roentgenphotography). It was observed that in one third of the medical histories there was no record of any anamnesis of the respiratory system. A greater proportion of respiratory symptoms and pneumopathic diagnoses was registered in the case group. The same finding separated the patients into two groups according to the severity of the lesions. Hemoptysis and thoracic pain were the symptoms that better differentiated sick from normal patients. A selective utilization of roentgenphotography is recommended, with the method being applied only to patients presenting hemoptysis, thoracic pain and cough/expectoration, either alone or in combination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A double-blind controlled trial of pipotiazine, haloperidol and placebo in recently-hospitalized acute schizophrenic patients.

Ninety recently-admitted acute schizophrenic patients, aged 18 to 40 years (mean age: 29) were stratified by schizophrenic subgroups, distributed at random among three groups (pipotiazine, haloperidol and placebo), and evaluated for 27 days by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). All groups received 20 mg of haloperidol and 50 mg of chlorpromazine im during the first 3 days, followed by wash-out for 2 days and then oral pipotiazine, haloperidol or placebo for the following 21 days. The dosage was adjusted to the clinical response of the patients and the mean dose was 21.4 mg for pipotiazine and 11.5 mg for haloperidol. At the end of the trial on the 27th day there was no significant difference between pipotiazine and haloperidol, but the effect of both active drugs was significantly different from that of the placebo. In the period corresponding to the 6th to 27th day, extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) occurred to the same extent in the pipotiazine and haloperidol groups, with predominance of Parkinsonian reactions, and no EPS were observed in the placebo group. Our data for a Brazilian population confirm the only other double-blind study of these drugs reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗