Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Roness

Publications and source records attributed to A Roness.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Attention profile in schizophrenia compared with depression: differential effects of processing speed, selective attention and vigilance.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to investigate whether subjects with schizophrenia and major depression display attention deficits for different reasons. METHOD: Subjects with schizophrenia (n = 53), recurrent major depression (n = 50) and normal controls (n = 50) were administered with 11 measures of processing speed, selective attention and vigilance. Indices of basal speed, speeded attention, non-speeded attention and vigilance were computed. RESULTS: Both clinical groups were impaired on all chronometric tests. The schizophrenic subjects were also more impaired on speeded attention compared with basal processing speed. Only the schizophrenics were impaired on the non-speeded measures of selective attention. Compared with the schizophrenics, the depressives showed a decrement in vigilance. CONCLUSION: Reduced performance on attention tests in major depression is because of a non-specific speed reduction and loss of vigilance consistent with lack of effort. In addition to generally impaired processing speed, the schizophrenic subjects exposed a deficit in selective attention, indicating executive dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Honig's model of working memory and brain activation: an fMRI study.

The present study investigated changes in neuronal activation with fMRI related to Honig's model of working memory, which is much less studied compared with other working memory models. In contrast to other studies which have applied recognition procedures, the primary aim with the present study was to examine brain activation when subjects had to continuously recall and forget items held in working memory. The results showed that the mid-ventrolateral frontal cortex was particularly activated in the left hemisphere, whereas the mid-dorsolateral frontal cortex was particularly activated in the right hemisphere during execution of the working memory task. The findings are discussed in relation to process- and domain-specific accounts of working memory.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Health personnel and teachers admitted to psychiatric institutions].

During the period 1985-89, 124 physicians were hospitalized in Norwegian psychiatric institutions. The physicians were compared with 91 nurses, 88 enrolled nurses and 110 teachers from three counties who were hospitalized during the same period. The overall rate of admission to psychiatric institutions seemed to be highest for the enrolled nurses and lowest for the teachers. There were few diagnostic differences between the groups. Relatively more of the female teachers were recruited from the middle age group (41-55 years), while the nurses and the enrolled nurses belonged most often to the youngest group (< or = 40 years). The results are discussed with regard to circumstances in the working situation which could possibly explain the differences between the professions as regards the number of admissions.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Psychiatric disorders among nurses admitted to a psychiatric clinic].

During 1985-89, 82 female and 13 male nurses were hospitalized in a psychiatric clinic, Modum Bads Nervesanatorium. The frequency of personality disorders and of drug and alcohol abuse, seems to be higher among male than among female nurses. The female nurses have been compared with a sample of assistant nurses and teachers of the same sex. There were no significant differences between the three groups as regards various demographical and clinical factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A shipwreck and organization of the psychosocial support work].

During recent years attention has been drawn to the importance of psychosocial support to victims of accidents and disasters. Post-traumatic stress disorder seems to be more frequent than earlier believed, and early psychosocial assistance is thought to reduce the psychological effects of the traumatic experience. The authors describe the psychosocial work, as it was organized at Haukeland Hospital, after a shipwreck. Experiences with mobile medical teams with stress competence are also discussed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1991

[Mental disorders among physicians hospitalized in a psychiatric clinic].

149 physicians were hospitalized in a psychiatric clinic, Modum Bads Nerve Sanatorium, during the period 1958-89. 122 of the physicians were men and 27 were women. The material is selected but is representative of non-psychotic voluntarily hospitalized physicians. More than 1/3 of the physicians had abuse problems, mainly drug abuse. The average age of the physicians was 46, and they had been practising for an average of 17 years at the time of hospitalization. 60% of them worked outside institutions. About 1/3 of them were specialists.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Physicians hospitalized in psychiatric institutions in Norway].

In the period 1985-89, 124 physicians were hospitalized in Norwegian psychiatric institutions. 20-30 physicians are hospitalized every year. The overall rate of admission to psychiatric institutions seems to be relatively higher among other groups of the adult population than among physicians. The physicians suffer from schizophrenia less frequently than others do, and suffer more frequently from affective and other psychoses. Drug abuse is also a typical disorder among hospitalized physicians. 1/4 of the physicians were hospitalized in Modum Bads Nerve Sanatorium, and the author compares the material from this institution with that from the other 33 psychiatric institutions in Norway.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The development of clinical research in a psychiatric institution.

The author describes the development of the research activity at a psychiatric clinic near Oslo, Modum Bads Nervesanatorium, a psychotherpeutic-oriented institution treating patients with neuroses, substance abuse and character disorders. In 1985 an institute for clinical research was built as an independent unit within the hospital, and the influence of its activities upon the treatment is described in the article.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1977

The prognosis of psychiatric treatment in military service.

The author discusses the outcome of psychiatric treament in the Military. He served as a military psychiatrist in Norway for one year. During this time he personally examined and treated 215 soldiers with psychiatric disorders. The diagnostic composition of the patient group and the treatment given are described. The patient material was again examined at the end of the military service period, when one-third of the patients had been found unfit for service. The remainder were still fit for service. The patients did not differ from soldiers in general from a disciplinary point of view. However, they did not achieve as good grades in personal conduct and military efficiency as the other soldiers. The patient's clinical picture at the follow-up examination had improved when compared to the initial psychiatric examination. The author concludes that psychiatric treatment in the Military is both possible and desirable.

Humans↗