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Biomedical subjects

A Rolland

Publications and source records attributed to A Rolland.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The evolution of ocular onchocerciasis in the Volta River Basin Area over a period of five years of vector control.

The results of an ophthalmological evaluation conducted in seven West African savannah villages before and after 5 years of vector control, were analysed to determine the effect of an interrupted or greatly reduced transmission of Onchocerca volvulus on the evolution of ocular onchocerciasis. Cross-sectional data showed a significant reduction of the prevalence of ocular onchocerciasis in five of the villages, and the rates of irreversible ocular lesions and blindness were generally lower after 5 years of vector control. A longitudinal study of a defined population showed that the ocular status of most patients with ocular onchocerciasis remained stable or improved over the 5 year period, particularly in lightly infected cases. The evolution of ocular onchocerciasis showed a deterioration in a minor proportion, restricted to cases of already existing severe lesions, resulting in blindness. A comparison of ophthalmic data from adjacent areas without vector control, indicates that a five year period of vector control may reduce the risk of developing eye lesions or blindness due to onchocerciasis by 50%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Necrotizing sialometaplasia. A rare diagnostic pitfall].

Concerning an observation of necrotizing sialometaplasia the authors make a literary survey, paying particular attention to the clinical and anatomopathological descriptions of the lesion. They insist on its deceptive aspect which led in some cases to important quite useless exeresis, since the lesion heals spontaneously. At last the different etiopathogenical hypothesis are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Early patchy hepatic necrosis. Its appearance after bile-duct ligation in rats with a portacaval shunt.

We incidentally observed that rats with portacaval shunts (PCS) had patchy hepatic necrosis after bile-duct ligation (BDL). Rats with two weeks of PCS underwent BDL, then were killed after 0,5 or 20 hours, or two or four days; rats undergoing sham PCS were used as controls. Patchy hepatic necrosis distributed at random within the acinus was mainly lytic after five and 20 hours, then displayed inflammatory features after two days. The inflammation tends to disappear by four days, with a differentiation of new hepatocytes into neo-bile ducts. These necrotic areas were 60 times more severe after five hours, and 20 times more severe after 20 hours in rats undergoing PCS than in those undergoing sham PCS. In the former group, necrosis after five hours represented 1.92% of the total area examined. Histological characteristics and the high incidence with PCA suggest that necroses have vascular origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Epidemiology of hypothyroidism due to congenital malformation of the gland: athyreosis or ectopic thyroid (author's transl)].

The neonatal characteristics of 322 cases of hypothyroidism due to congenital malformation of the gland --athyreosis or ectopic thyroid--were compared with a national sample of births (N = 11,373), and a sample of births in public hospitals in Paris (N = 12, 895), in order to see if genetic factors were involved in the etiology of the disease. The hypothesis of multifactorial inheritance has been especially studied. Factors which appeared compatible with a multifactorial etiology were: marked excess of females (74%); higher frequency of twins (3.4%), of maternal familial thyropathy (9.2% among the mothers), of familial cases of thyroid malformations (11 cases); higher frequency of associated malformations of multifactorial origin (5.4%). But this type of malformation was not more frequent among siblings and relatives of the studied cases; it is thus not possible to accept the hypothesis of multifactorial inheritance without reservation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Microfilaruria and ocular onchocerciasis (author's transl)].

A study of the relationship between microfilaruria and onchocercal eye lesions has been carried out among 619 persons in 5 villages of North Benin. There is evidence of a significant relationship between microfilaruria and irreversible eye lesions in men aged 15-34 years. The association of microfilaruria with high numbers of microfilariae in the anterior segment of the eye occurs more in older men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Facial wounds. Statistical and aetiological study of 1488 cases (author's transl)].

Study of 1,488 cases of facial injuries treated in the Department of Maxillofacial surgery of the Montpellier Teaching Hospital Centre, led the authors to draw certain conclusions with regard to causes one the one hand and secondly the individuals involved. Road accidents were by far the largest cause, accounting for 70.2% of facial wounds. Domestic accidents took second place at 13%, followed by brawls and attacks as well as work accidents (each approximately 5%).

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1979

[Aspects of the development of ocular onchocerciasis in West-Africa after three years of simulium control (authors transl)].

In four rural West-African communities with different degrees of ocular affection the development of ocular onchocerciasis has been evaluated after three years of vector control. In the area of a successful disruption of the transmission the population with a slight degree of ocular onchocerciasis before control operations started, did not show an aggravation of the lesions. In those groups severely affected at the beginning of vector control the lesions showed no progression in the majority of the cases. The diminuition of the ocular parasite load, resulting from the reduced transmission, appears to be an important factor in the change of the incidence of blindness and severe ocular lesions attributable to onchocerciasis. Contrary to this the aggravation of ocular lesions was found to be more severe in a community situated in the area reinvaded by the vector than in those that did not experience a reinvasion of the fly.

Adolescent↗