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Biomedical subjects

A Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to A Rogers.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Randomised trial of clomiphene citrate treatment and vitamin C for male infertility.

A prospective randomised trial was carried out to assess the effect of 6 months' treatment with either clomiphene citrate or vitamin C in 179 men complaining of infertile marriage. There was no significant difference in the wife's pregnancy rates between the 2 treatment groups. In order to detect a subgroup that might respond to clomiphene the results were analysed according to pre-treatment FSH and sperm density, with allowance being made for the result of the wife's tests, but still there was no significant difference in treatment response Vitamin C would seem a preferable and cheaper alternative treatment for male infertility.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Relative analgesic potency of intramuscular heroin and morphine in cancer patients with postoperative pain and chronic pain due to cancer.

Heroin hydrochloride is approximately twice as potent as morphine sulfate, and acts slightly faster but for a shorter duration than morphine. Although patients with chronic pain due to advanced cancer differ from cancer patients with postoperative pain in terms of their degree of tolerance to the analgesic effects of morphine and heroin and their reports of various elements of mood, there is, thus far, no indication that heroin has any unique advantage over morphine in terms of side effect occurrence or effects on mood at equianalgesic doses. Both drugs improve mood provided they are administered in doses which result in analgesia. While there appears to be some slight difference in the spectrum of side effects observed after heroin as compared to morphine, heroin and morphine share the most common side effects. The incidence of side effects following both drugs appear to be highest among those effects which are primarily somatic and undesirable. The use of visual analog scales concurrent with categorical pain and pain relief scores provides a means for the finer estimation of relative analgesic potency and time action. The results of these studies are in general agreement with those of other investigators. Where apparent differences exist they can usually be explained on the bases of differences in methods and subject populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Relative analgesic potency of oral zomepirac and intramuscular morphine in cancer patients with postoperative pain.

A twin crossover assay of oral zomepirac and intramuscular morphine was completed in 159 cancer patients with postoperative pain. Zomepirac was a surprisingly effective oral analgesic in these patients, 100 mg orally being roughly equivalent to 16 mg intramuscular morphine. Time-effect data indicate that the peak effect for oral zomepirac may occur slightly later than that for morphine but that zomepirac is relatively rapidly effective after oral administration. Side effect occurrence was roughly in the same range for both drugs, with drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth, and feelings of weakness being observed after both drugs while sweating was observed more frequently after zomepirac. The assay further provided a demonstration of the effectiveness of the twin crossover design as a clinical assay method, providing increased sensitivity of crossover data in a patient population available for only a limited number of study treatments.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Effects of cholera toxin on ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse skin.

The subcutaneous injection of cholera toxin into adult mice resulted in a sustained increase in cyclic AMP levels in mouse epidermis after a lag period of about 2 hr. An increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity occurred between 7 and 10 hr, which was maintained for at least 10 hr. The increase in decarboxylase activity was localized to the area of epidermis visually affected by cholera toxin and was unaffected by hypophysectomy, suggesting a direct effect of the toxin on the epidermal cells. The subcutaneous injection of cholera toxin also led to an increase in cyclic AMP levels in newborn mouse skin. In contrast to adult mice, newborn mouse skin contained high basal activities of ornithine decarboxylase in both the epidermal and dermal fractions. The activity in both fractions was markedly decreased following cholera toxin injection. The ability of cholera toxin to induce both epidermal and dermal ornithine decarboxylase activity developed between 10 and 21 days after birth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Migration, urbanization, resources and development.

The author adopts "Coale's scenario-building approach to focus on some of the demoeconomic consequences of rapid urbanization....[He describes] the construction and evolution of four alternative population scenarios and then [examines] the implications that these alternative trends in migration and fertility would have for Coale's three important population characteristics: the dependency burden, the growth rate of labor force 'eligibles,' and the density of the population."

Demography↗
PubMed1980

Doctor on the air.

This paper reviews the number of medical programmes in local radio broadcasting and analyses the problems presented by 158 callers on a regular medical, open-line programme in Plymouth, Devon. The problems are similar to those presenting in general medical practice. Most callers are referred back to their own doctor, usually with an explanation or medical advice. Local radio medical broadcasting may prove to be a useful preventive and educational tool as well as providing popular entertainment. General practitioners are appropriate providers of such a service.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Relative analgesic potency of intramuscular heroin and morphine in cancer patients with postoperative pain: a preliminary report.

The results of this study in postoperative patients have, thus far, revealed little that was not expected from a review of the literature. Heroin hydrochloride appears to be about two to three times more potent than morphine sulfate as an analgesic, to act more promptly and to have a slightly shorter duration of action. There is a suggestion that heroin may have a somewhat different spectrum of side effects and mood effects compared to morphine, but the effects of both drugs on mood were inversely correlated with the patients' feelings at the time of drug administration. Regardless, as a group, patients responded to both drugs with significantly improved moods. A lag time between the peak intensity of analgesic and mood effects of both heroin and morphine suggest a dissociation between these effects. Whether or not these early impressions will be reinforced as this study proceeds, and whether or not the effects of the drugs in patients with chronic pain due to advanced cancer will be any different than in these patients with postoperative pain, remains to be seen.

Affect↗
PubMed1979

Clinical analgesic assay of oral zomepirac and intramuscular morphine.

Zomepirac appears to be an unexpectedly effective oral, non-opioid analgesic. The relative potency of oral zomepirac is roughly 1/5 to 1/8 that of intramuscular morphine. Visual analogues of pain relief offer a reliable alternative to verbal categorical scales, and may provide some advantages in assays of peak drug effect, and in relatively small patient populations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Calcium-dependent protein modulator of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases from mouse epidermis.

1. A heat-stable modulator protein was partially purified from mouse epidermis. The protein stimulated modulator-depleted cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from bovine brain in the presence of Ca2+. 2. DEAE-cellulose chromatography of epidermal extracts demonstrated the presence of two main phosphodiesterase activities that hydrolysed both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. A minor peak was eluted between 0.1 and 0.3 M-sodium acetate and a major peak was eluted between 0.3 and 0.45 M-sodium acetate. 3. Cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity eluted at low salt concentrations was markedly activated by the epidermal modulator protein in the presence of Ca2+. Storage of the enzyme led to a decrease in its sensitivity to the protein modulator. 4. Treatment of mouse skin with the tumour promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, which leads to an increase in epidermal cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, did not alter the amount of modulator present in soluble epidermal extracts. The tumour promoter decreased the amount of modulator extractable from particulate epidermal preparations with Triton X-100.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗