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Biomedical subjects

A Rodallec

Publications and source records attributed to A Rodallec.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Congenital anophthalmos. Control of osteogenesis with an expanding intraorbital prosthesis].

Both congenital anophthalmia and severe microphthalmia lead to micro-orbit with early appearance of craniofacial hemiatrophy. There is simultaneous lack of development of the lids (which remain small but complete) and of the conjunctival sac. Use of esthetic ocular prosthesis is thus impossible. The conjunctival sac can be dilated with conformators of increasing size but this technique has no effect on the orbit. The results of repeated plastic surgery are unsatisfactory. Stimulation of ocular growth by an expandable prosthesis in early infancy would appear to be the most logical and effective therapy. The authors propose a "new" technique for the expansion of the orbital cavity of the congenital anophthalmia. They have deviced a silicone prosthesis which is progressively expanded in size. The device has now been in use for over eighteen months with really encouraging results (17 cases).

Anophthalmos↗
PubMed1983

[The chondromucosal graft. Its use in the correction of entropion caused by tarsoconjunctival cicatrix, trichiasis and distichiasis].

The use of chondromucosal grafts is the classical treatment for reconstruction of the eyelids, whereas these grafts are less employed for correction of tarso-conjunctival scars due to either disease or surgery. The ideal nasal graft is the triangular cartilage, as its mucosa is more delicate and more adhesive than that of the septum, and it separation and positioning do not involve any problems if certain rules are followed. The technique appears attractive to us, as it is simple to perform, there is a lack of postoperative complications and it is logical (replacing a pathological tissue or a missing tissue by an identical one, keeping the lids framework). It appears to be not enough employed in trachomatous entropion (both eyelids being generally affected). However, the technique is useful: during first intention surgery (whether associated or not with tarsectomy); in all cases of recurrence, where it appears to be the only worthwhile treatment (trachomatous eyelids already operated upon by another method, tarsectomy alone).

Cartilage↗
PubMed1982

[Conjunctival sac of anophthalmic orbits].

Reconstruction of the conjunctival sac is never a simple procedure. It is a question of positioning a prosthesis in the orbital cavity which will have no anatomic support, as the eye has been enucleated, reduced to a stump (microphthalmos) or has been replaced by an implant that has just been expelled. All described techniques consist in enlarging the existing conjunctival sac, and then positioning a mucosal or dermo-epidermical graft in the orbital cavity maintained by a conformer. In order to limit the effects of the inevitable retraction during the first weeks following surgery, operative enlargement beyond the needs of the conjunctival sac is essential. The conformer should be supported by tarsorraphy until the phenomenon of retraction has reached an end (4 to 6 months). The problem of the "orbital cavity" must be understood so that indications for surgical remodelling of the conjunctival sac can be established. This is simple after enucleation, but more complex in the case of a microphthalmos, an injury, or an exenteration of the orbit where remodelling represents only the last operative stage after bone remodelling, or lids remodelling and sometimes transposition of the temporalis muscle in the socket.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Eyelid burns].

Reconstruction of eyelids following burns has two fold objective: functional and esthetic. Except in the must severe forms (carbonization) eyelids' burns usually involve only superficial lesions. Surgery, by means of a skin graft only, may be required after initial medical treatment. The choice of a graft among those considered standard, (full-thickness skin graft for the lower lid, thinner graft for the upper lid) should be guided by anatomophysiological considerations. Treatment in each case varies according to the anatomic type and the stage of evolution of the burn; whether the orbicularis muscle has been affected or not, should determine the choice of the graft. Certain points of this surgical technique have to be emphasized: the need for respecting esthetic unity; for careful dissection sparing the orbicularis; for fixation of the graft on the medial canthus, and lastly, the necessity of performing surgery of upper and lower lids in two stages so that the lid is "in surocclusion" during each operative procedure. Treatment of eyelids' burns as described above, is well established. It is very different from that for total facial burns, which requires total operative strategy.

Burns↗
PubMed1979

[Eye burns].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of the optic nerve: part I. Normal results.

In vivo visualization of the optic nerve (ON) by computed tomography (CT) has important clinical applications, both realized and potential. An accurate CT analysis of the ON is, however, hampered by a number of technical limitations. Sinuosity and gaze-shift-related motility of the ON tend to increase the difficulties of demonstrating in a consistently satisfactory fashion this anatomical structure. Nevertheless, if rigid imaging criteria are followed, adequate visualization of the ON may be attained in the majority of patients. Simultaneous visualization of the ON and the eyeball permits establishment of a neuroocular index for clinical use.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of the optic nerve: part II. Size and shape modifications in papilledema.

Increase in the caliber and course tortuosity of the optic nerve (ON) can be demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) in cases of papilledema due to intracranial tumors, hydrocephalus, pseudotumor cerebri, and other conditions causing increased intracranial pressure. The enlargement of the ON in these conditions is generally bilateral, although one of the nerves, usually of the side of the tumoral pathology, may be thicker. Enlargement on the ON may also be demonstrated by CT in papilledema due to optic neuritis. Occasionally, the thickened ON also display increased attenuation coefficient values.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Action potential changes induced by a polyflavane on normal or hypoxic guinea pig myocardial strips].

On normal isolated or stimulated Guinea-Pig myocardial strips, a polyflavane extracted from Poterium spinosum (Rosaceae) increased the duration of the action potential plateau phase. Such a modification was also elicited on hypoxic strips; in this case it did not depend on the glucose concentration in the medium; it could be related to an effect on the slow calcium-sodium channel.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1975

[Electrophysiological analysis of the effects of 4-amino-pyridine in the isolated heart ventricle of the guniea pig].

The effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on guinea pig myocardial ventricular isolated strips were studied by means of intracellular microelectrodes. 4-AP increased the maximal depolarization velocity and decreased the effects of quinidine. In contrast to adrenaline, 4-AP antagonized the effects of MnCl1, but was ineffective against the alterations induced by a sodium poor solution. These findings support the suggestion that 4-AP modifies the electrophysiological membrane properties probably by increasing the Na+ inward current.

Action Potentials↗