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Biomedical subjects

A Reigstad

Publications and source records attributed to A Reigstad.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Rearthroplasty after conventional total hip prosthesis and double-cup prosthesis. A comparative study.

Revision of 19 Müller total hip prostheses and 9 ICLH double-cup prostheses is compared. In the Müller group the mean operation time was 186 min, the amount of blood transfused 3526 ml, and the hospital stay 34.9 days. The corresponding figures for the ICLH group were 94 min, 1389 ml, and 25.7 days. Revision of the conventional hip prostheses involved technical difficulties and complications such as femoral fractures and postoperative dislocations, which were not seen in the ICLH group, in which the revision was as easy to perform as the primary operation. The clinical result 6 months after revision was significantly better in the ICLH group. Thus, the double-cup prosthesis provides another possibility for revision. However, a relatively high incidence of early loosening indicates that it should not be used in older patients in whom one would expect a follow-up shorter than the lifetime of a conventional hip prosthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Osteoarthritis of the hip treated by intertrochanteric osteotomy. A long-term follow-up.

We reviewed the early and late results of 103 consecutive intertrochanteric osteotomies of the hip. One year postoperatively, 70 per cent of the operations had had a good effect; 11 per cent, some effect; and 19 per cent, no effect. After five years 51 per cent of the hips still showed benefit from the operation and after ten years 30 per cent still showed benefit, whereas after five years 24 per cent had had a total hip replacement or an arthrodesis and after ten years 42 per cent had done so. Regression of the osteoarthritis was seen radiographically in 12 per cent of the hips. Hips that had had a broken Shenton line before the osteotomy had a significantly better five-year outcome compared with those that did not. Other preoperative factors, such as sex, age, pain, walking ability, range of hip motion, radiographic grade and localization of the osteoarthritis, presence of pseudocysts, femoral neck-shaft angle, and width of the central joint space, did not correlate with the five-year results. Osteotomies with medial displacement of twenty millimeters or more that were fixed with a Wainright implant showed significantly better results than those with less displacement. The investigation showed that the clinical effect of an intertrochanteric osteotomy is unpredictable and not as long-lasting as was previously believed. Thus, the operation should be carried out only in younger patients, as the pain relief and functional results compare unfavorably with those of total hip replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Conversion of hips with cup arthroplasty to ICLH double cup prosthesis.

This study reports the results of 7 hips converted from a cup arthroplasty to total hip replacement using ICLH double cup. The operation was performed on the average of 37 months after the cup arthroplasty. The follow-up time ranged from 17 to 37 months with an average of 25 months. The femoral head prosthesis loosened after 15 months in 1 patient. The clinical result is excellent in the remaining 6 patients and X-rays show no signs of loosening or migration of the prosthesis.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Femoral neck angles: a specimen study with special regard to bilateral differences.

The femoral neck angles were determined in 48 pairs of normal specimens from cadavers of elderly Norwegians, 24 males and 24 females. The anteversion angle was found to average 10.4 degrees +/- 6.7 degrees and the neck-shaft 127.7 degrees +/- 7.6 degrees. There were no significant differences between the sexes. The bilateral differences were analysed. The 95 per cent confidence limits of the anteversion and head-neck-shaft angles were calculated to be 11.8 and 13.8 degrees, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The bending stability of cemented femoral neck osteotomies. An experimental study.

Stabilization by bone cement in combination with a nail improves significantly the bending stability of experimental femoral neck osteotomies compared with fixation by a simple Thornton's nail. The stability achieved by a cemented nail in cases of femoral neck fractures, seems to be sufficient for the dynamic forces acting upon the femoral head during carefully walking with full weight-bearing. However, there are still many unanswered questions concerning clinical use of bone cement in femoral neck fractures.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

Bending and rotational stability of femoral neck osteotomies. An experimental study.

The bending and rotational stability of experimental cadaveric femoral neck osteotomies fixed by Thornton's triflanged nail. McLaughlin's nail and plate and the Ullevål hip compression screw are reported. The bending stability of the three implants tested is statistically equal whereas the rotational stability of the Thornton nail is lower. However, the rotational stability of all three implants tested is sufficient under normal clinical circumstances. The bending stability achieved by the three implants is insufficient for the forces acting upon the femoral head in vivo and is the most obvious reason for the high rate of nonunion in femoral neck fractures.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

Volkmann's ischaemic contracture of the forearm.

Twenty-three patients with established contractures of the forearm, which were treated by excision of all irreparably damaged muscles, lengthening of the tendons and neurolysis of the median and ulnar nerves, are reported. Fourteen patients were children. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus, all treated by plaster-of-Paris, were associated with 10 contractures. Twelve patients achieved good or normal function of the hand after treatment; 5 had obvious functional disability, 4 achieved only a support function and 2 required forearm amputations. Early treatment improved the functional result. Treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures by traction seemed to be an important prophylactic procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Traumatic dislocation of the hip.

Analysis of 57 traumatic dislocations of the hip, excluding central dislocations, is reported. No anterior dislocations occurred. Road accidents caused most of the dislocations and several patients, most of them young men, had additional serious injuries. Grading the dislocations according to Stewart and Milford (15) is useful for the prognosis, and should to a greater extent be used as a therapeutic guide. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the hip (7) and avascular necrosis of the head of femur were seen in 9.1 and 5.5% of the patients, respectively. The clinical results were excellent for 83.6% of the patients, and none had poor results.

Accidents, Traffic↗