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Biomedical subjects

A Reggio

Publications and source records attributed to A Reggio.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy: a door-to-door survey in a Sicilian municipality.

INTRODUCTION: Because of the limited information on cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, we conducted a door-to-door two-phase survey in a Sicilian municipality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We first screened for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy among the inhabitants of the municipality: (N = 7653, as of the prevalence day, November 1, 1987). Study neurologists then investigated those subjects suspected to have had a cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Diagnoses were bases on specified criteria. RESULTS: We found 27 subjects affected by CSR (17 definite, 10 possible). Prevalence (cases per 1000 population) was 3.5 in the total population; it increased to a peak at age 50-59 years, and decreased thereafter. The age-specific prevalence was consistently higher in women. CONCLUSIONS: Comparison with other prevalence studies shows similar age-specific patterns, but different magnitudes, which may partly reflect methodologic differences across studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lifetime prevalence of Bell's palsy in rural Bolivia: a door-to-door survey.

We carried out a door-to-door survey in rural areas of the Cordillera Province, Bolivia, to determine the prevalence of the most common neurological diseases in a sample of about 10,000 inhabitants. A team of non-doctor health workers administered a standard screening instrument for neurological diseases, a slightly modified version of the World Health Organization protocol. All subjects found positive at the screening phase underwent a complete neurological examination. On screening, we found 1,130 positive subjects, of whom 909 were aged 15 years and above. After the neurological examination, we found 52 cases who had experienced Bell's palsy during their life in the population aged 15 years and above. The lifetime prevalence on November 1, 1994 was 11.1/1,000 (95% confidence interval 7.8-14.5) for the population aged 15 years and above. The prevalence was higher in women than in men (13.7 and 8.7/1,000, respectively) and increased with age, reaching a peak in the group aged 65 years or more (31.7/1,000). Only 3 cases (5.8%) had received medical therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurogenic dysphagia: physiology, physiopathology and rehabilitative treatment].

Swallowing is both a voluntary than a reflex function. It consist in transporting feeding from mouth to the stomach. Swallowing function occurs with very frequency during the day and needs complex neuromuscular coordination. Several neurologic diseases determine swallowing disorders. Dysphagia, is the difficulty in swallowing. In slight disorders, swallowing function is sufficiently compensated, symptoms are few or absent. Sometimes the patient is able to compensate and obtains a safe deglutition. Rehabilitation of swallowing disorders is based on the assessment of all symptoms and troubles causing dysphagia and on the improvement of the specific disabilities. Rehabilitation is aimed to make patient able for a safe oral feeding. We can use classic specific physiotherapy, compensatory movements of head and neck, electrostimulation, and the chemical myotomia by botulinum toxin injection.

Botulinum Toxins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuroprotective effects of topiramate].

Topiramate (TPM) is a new anti-convulsant drug, prescribed in epileptic seizure. Pharmacological actions of TPM are: a) a positive modulation of GABA receptors; b) inhibition of the kainite and aminohydroxymethylisoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptor sub-types; c) a use-dependent Na+ channel blocker. Recent studies suggest that TPM can have anti-excitotoxic properties, because it protects against motor neuron degeneration. Moreover, TPM enhances neuroprotection and reduces hemorrhagic incidence in focal cerebral ischemia.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Symptomatic management in multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease, characyerized by demylinization of white matter of Central Nervous System (CNS). Its etiology is still unknown. In the world, about 2.000.000 of people are affected by MS, with higher prevalence in North-America and North-Europe. Two are the essential features of the therapeutical management in MS: 1) immunomodulating therapy, which consists of "disease modifing drugs"; 2) symptomatic treatment. Only some patients can benefit of immunomodulating therapy, whereas symptomatic treatment can be helpfull to everbody. In the following pages the authors will review the medical options used in the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic management of MS.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

May there exist specific MRI findings predictive of dementia in multiple sclerosis patients?

Cognitive deficits are present in a substantial number of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients, particularly in those with the chronic-progressive type of the disorder. We assessed cognitive decline and its relationship with T2-weighted images on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We submitted a group of 26 patients with progressive MS to both MRI and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Cognitive impairment did not correlate with duration of illness or severity of neurological disability, but rather with the presence of extensive periventricular demyelination on MRI, evaluated as area of confluent lesions. These results suggest that cognitive deficits in MS represent a symptom of disease and not a parallel occurrence.

Adult↗