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Biomedical subjects

A Rattan

Publications and source records attributed to A Rattan.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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Spirochetal dysentery: a case report and review of literature.

Spiral shaped bacteria have frequently been demonstrated from human faeces. Their role in causation of disease is, however, controversial; as they have been found to colonise the lower gastrointestinal tracts of both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Here we report a case in which spiral shaped motile, gram negative and nonflagellated bacteria, probably belonging to the genus Borrelia, were demonstrated and associated with acute bloody diarrhea in a cardiac patient. The condition could successfully be treated with short course of Metronidazole. The relevant and up to date literature on this problem is also reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for wound infection following elective cholecystectomy.

A study of risk factors for wound infection among patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy was undertaken. Over a 2-Year period 177 patients who underwent elective cholecystectomy for symptomatic gall stone disease were randomized into groups, one receiving antibiotics (96 patients) and the other not receiving antibiotics (81 patients). Gall bladder bile and wound swab were cultured to detect bacterial growth. Duration of preoperative hospital stay, type of skin incision and operating time were noted for each patient. Postoperatively wound infection developed in 22/177 (12%) patients. The infection rate was lower in the antibiotic group 3/96 (3%) as compared to the non-antibiotic group 19/81 (23.5%). Wound sepsis occurred in 11/37 (23%) of patients with bactibilia as compared to 11/140 (7.8%) patients with sterile bile. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that bactibilia and use of prophylactic antibiotics were the most significant predictors of wound infection in low risk patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Legionella as a lower respiratory pathogen in north India.

One hundred patients of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) were prospectively studied over 2 years to find out if Legionella is a causative agent in these patients. In addition, 50 environmental samples and 50 age and sex matched controls were studied. Culture and direct fluorescent antibody testing (DFA) of respiratory tract secretions, and serodiagnosis by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and ELISA, were employed to detect Legionella. Respiratory tract secretions from all patients were negative for Legionella on culture and DFA. Low antibody titters to Legionella were observed in 21 patients and these could be attributed to cross reaction with other gram-negative bacteria. All environmental samples and controls tested negative for Legionella. Legionella does not seem to be an important lower respiratory tract pathogen in this part of the country and empirical addition of erythromycin to treatment regimens for pneumonia is not warranted in our setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A pilot programme of MRSA surveillance in India. (MRSA Surveillance Study Group).

This surveillance study was conducted simultaneously at three centres across India. A total of 13,610 test samples from various sites were obtained. Microbiological methods employed were similar at the three centres. Identification of S aureus was based on the recognition of the production of coagulase with positive isolates being recorded as S aureus. Both tube coagulase tests and slide coagulase test were performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolated strains of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis to various antimicrobial discs were carried out according to standardized disk diffusion method recommended by NCCLS. Of the total 739 cultures of S aureus, 235 (32%) were found to be multiply resistant with the individual figures for resistance being 27% (Bombay), 42.5% (Delhi) and 47% (Bangalore). MRSA is emerging to be a significant problem pathogen in the surgical setting with vancomycin probably the only reliable choice for these infections.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibodies to Cag A protein are not predictive of serious gastroduodenal disease in Indian patients.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at assessing the predictive utility of anti-Cag A antibodies in differentiating patients of duodenal ulcer (DU) and non ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) from asymptomatic controls in a developing country. METHODS: Sera from 120 subjects were tested for antibodies to Cag A using the immunodominant portion of a recombinant 37.5 kDa fusion protein by ELISA, in endoscopically proven cases of DU and NUD and healthy controls. RESULTS: The observed optical density (OD) in DU and NUD patients was 1,947 and 1,960 respectively, which was higher than that observed in controls (p < 0.01), but there was no difference in the anti-Cag A antibody titers between DU and NUD patients. CONCLUSION: Anti-Cag A antibodies do not seem to discriminate duodenal ulcer patients from non ulcer dyspepsia in the Indian population.

Adult↗