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Biomedical subjects

A Raskin

Publications and source records attributed to A Raskin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Meniscal ossicles: two case reports and a review of the literature.

Intrameniscal ossicles of the knee are rare lesions. We present two cases. The first case occurred in a male soccer player who had knee trauma, with radiographic findings of a meniscal ossicle. Meniscal motions were normal, and symptoms resolved with conservative measures. The second case was found in a male athlete with acute medial compartment instability and complex meniscal tears. His medial meniscus, containing the ossicle, was removed. Initial conservative management is recommended for all cases of meniscal ossicle, and arthroscopic resection of the ossicle is recommended for symptomatic cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Partial lateral meniscectomy in athletes.

Arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomies performed for isolated meniscal tears, without associated ligamentous injury, in 41 athletes between August 1, 1988 and June 1, 1991 were reviewed for clinical and functional outcome. The study population was composed of 27 males and 14 females, with an average age of 26 years (range 17-40). Thirty-seven patients (90%) reported previous trauma to the knee. At an average follow-up of 3 years (range 2-5), 85% of the patients had excellent/good results, and 98% of the athletes returned to full sports activities after an average of 55 days. Patients' prognoses depended on (a) type of meniscal tear and (b) presence/absence of an articular cartilaginous lesion. Athletes who had isolated, longitudinal type tears of the lateral meniscus had the best outcome: 100% achieved excellent/good results and averaged 41 days to return to full sports activities. Athletes with complex meniscal tears and tears associated with articular cartilaginous lesions had the poorest results, achieving 79% and 64% excellent/good results, respectively, and averaging 64 and 78 days, respectively, for return to full sports activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Negative symptom assessment of chronic schizophrenia patients.

A new scale for assessing negative symptoms in schizophrenia, the Negative Symptom Assessment (NSA), was administered to 101 male chronic, inpatient schizophrenia patients. Factor analysis of the NSA yielded seven factors, but most of the explained variance resided in Factor 1, Restricted Affect/Emotion. The factors that emerged from this study closely resembled NSA factors derived from an earlier study of outpatient schizophrenia patients, which indicates the factor structure of the NSA is robust. A constellation of variables reflecting long-term or chronic illness were significantly related to six of the seven factors. These results suggest that "institutionalism" may play a role in the evolution of some negative symptoms.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Psychosocial factors associated with urban adolescent female suicide attempts.

This study identified psychosocial factors that differentiated 19 adolescent female suicide attempters from 21 demographically similar nonattempters in a low income, urban area. Adolescents and their parents independently completed questionnaires and participated in structured and semistructured interviews. Attempters expressed significantly higher levels of suicidal ideation and were described by their parents as displaying higher levels of depressed mood and delinquent behavior problems than nonattempters. Attempters also identified fewer support persons, were less likely to be living with their mothers, were less likely to describe confiding relationships with parents/guardians, and had less active and affectionate relationships with mother figures than nonattempters. Finally, attempters reported more undesirable life stresses than nonattempters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Arteriosclerosis, infarcts, and dementia.

A study was made of 343 elderly mental-hospital patients whose mental disorder had begun late in life. Of the 31 brains examined at autopsy, 14 showed cerebral infarcts without senile brain disease and ten showed senile brain disease without infarcts. The amounts of arteriosclerosis in the two groups were compared. The microscopic evidence was not treated statistically, but the macroscopic evidence was subjected to Fisher's exact test and chi square for comparison of the amounts of arteriosclerosis noted at the base of the brain and the number of plaques on the named arteries within the brain. The results showed an overwhelming preponderance of arteriosclerosis in the infarct patients compared with the senile brain disease patients. It is concluded that in elderly patients with mental disorders, brain infarcts occur in close and causal relationship with cerebral arteriosclerosis. The bearing of this observation upon the concept of multi-infarct dementia is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Parent-child relationships and adult depression.

Reports of early parental behavior provided by 714 hospitalized depressed patients were compared with those provided by 387 normal adults. The 2 groups were also compared on ratings of parental behavior along the acceptance-rejection and autonomy-control dimensions, based on reports of other informants. Differences between the groups suggest that depression in adult life may be related to parental rejection and control through techniques such as derision, negative evaluation, and withdrawal of affection during childhood. Maternal rejection was found more closely associated with depression in female than in male children, and the effect was essentially the same among black and white subjects. Paternal rejection, on the other hand, appeared more closely associated with depression in males than females among blacks, while among whites paternal rejection was related to depression in females rather than males. It is suggested that the thoughts of personal worthlessness and inferiority seen in depression and theorized by Beck to be of principal etiologic significance in the disorder may have their origin in the early parent-child relationships.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The effects of hyperbaric and normobaric oxygen on cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Eighty-two elderly subjects with significant cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to treatment with either hyperbaric oxygen, hyperbaric air, normobaric oxygen, or normobaric air. Treatment consisted of two 90-minute sessions a day for 15 consecutive days. Subjects were evaluated on measures of memory and intellectual capacity, as well as on psychiatric symptom rating scales. Results immediately after treatment and at one, two, three, and eight weeks following treatment did not show enhanced cognitive functioning or significantly greater symptom reduction in experimental subjects who received either normobaric or hyperbaric oxygen as compared to controls who received hyperbaric or normobaric air. There was also no evidence of differential treatment effects as a function of initial severity of illness, sex, response to a CO2 loading test, or presumed evidence of cerebrovascular disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The effect of methylphenidate on test performance in the cognitively impaired aged.

It was hypothesized that a central nervous system stimulant with relatively weak peripheral effects would facilitate test performance in the cognitively impaired aged. Twelve elderly subjects participated in a counter-balanced, crossover comparison of 10 mg methylphenidate, 30 mg methylphenidate and placebo. All treatments were administered double-blind as a single dose of oral medication. Neither dosage of active medication was found to effect psychomotor or psychological test performance, subjective report, heart rate or blood pressure. A subsequent open trial of 45 mg methylphenidate resulted in heart rate, blood pressure and subjective changes in two of eight subjects but no effects on test performance. The results suggest that cognitive performance in the moderately impaired aged is unimproved following administration of methylphenidate, and perhaps similar sympathomimetic amines, below a dosage level associated with clinically significant peripheral effects.

Aged↗