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Biomedical subjects

A Rahman

Publications and source records attributed to A Rahman.

339 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Transgene transmission and expression in rainbow trout and tilapia.

We describe the production of transgenic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by microneedle injection of fertilized eggs with cloned copies of novel gene constructs. Two aspects of the work with transgenic trout are presented; namely, patterns of inheritance of transgenes by the F1 generation following in vitro fertilization of gametes from transgenic and nontransgenic fish, and the degree of DNA methylation of transgenes in different fish and in different tissues of the same fish. Work with transgenic tilapia has been only of short duration, and evidence is presented simply to indicate their transgenic status. Transient expression studies using the bacterial gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase when driven by fish-derived promoters are also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liposomal amphotericin B for treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis in a heart transplant patient.

Pulmonary aspergillosis developed in a 52-year-old man 2 months after heart transplantation for ischemic cardiomyopathy. Conventional amphotericin B therapy caused marked deterioration of his already compromised kidney function after only 10% of the projected total dose. Conversion to liposomal encapsulated amphotericin B was associated with reversal of the kidney dysfunction and clearing of the pulmonary infiltrate. It is now 16 months since completion of therapy, and there is no evidence of recurrent infection.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rice-based oral rehydration solution shown to be better than glucose-ORS as treatment of non-dysenteric diarrhoea in children in rural Bangladesh.

Mothers living in rural Bangladesh were provided with either rice-based oral rehydration solution (rice-ORS) (Group A) or glucose-ORS (Group B) for treating non-dysenteric diarrhoea in their children aged under 5. Mothers living in a third area (Group C) were advised to use locally available treatment facilities, mainly unregistered medical practitioners. The incidence and duration of diarrhoea was recorded in all children over a two-year period. The outcome of each episode was recorded either as a success if the mother reported her child had recovered or as a failure if the child died or was admitted to hospital. Mothers in Group A used rice-ORS as the only treatment for 71% of episodes of non-dysenteric diarrhoea, mothers in Group B used glucose-ORS as the sole treatment in 60% of episodes, while mothers in Group C used drugs alone in 55% of episodes. Almost all children recovered successfully but the duration of diarrhoea differed significantly between groups: in the group treated with rice-ORS, 60% of children recovered within 3 days and less than 1% had diarrhoea which lasted for more than 14 days. By the criteria of early recovery and low rate of prolongation of diarrhoea, rice-ORS was found to be better than glucose-ORS.

Bangladesh↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aging: changes in distribution of diazepam and metabolites in the rat.

The brain levels of diazepam and its metabolites after a single iv injection of diazepam were measured over a 2-hr time period in young (3-4-month-old), mature (12-15-month-old), and senescent (29-31-month-old) male Fischer 344 rats. The areas under the brain level time curves were used as an index of exposure. Senescent rats were exposed to significantly more diazepam, N-desmethyldiazepam, and oxydiazepam between 0 and 120 min after an injection of 180 micrograms/kg of diazepam than the young or mature animals. The unbound plasma level failed to adequately account for the age-related increase in brain exposure to diazepam. Mechanisms other than the unbound diazepam in plasma are probably involved in eliciting the age-associated increase in brain levels of diazepam and its metabolites.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enteropathogenicity of plesiomonas shigelloides by oral inoculation in adult conditioned rabbits.

To study presumptive diarrhoeagenic and invasive properties of Plesiomonas shigelloides, adult conditioned rabbits (n = 75) were fed 10(10) CFU of 3 isolates (2 from diarrhoea patients and one from river water) of the organism, and one isolate of Shigella sonnei (from a dysentery patient as positive control) or brain-heart infusion broth (as negative control). Each rabbit received in succession i.v. cimetidine (50 mg/kg body weight), two 15 ml oral doses of 5% NaHCO3 at 15 and 30 minutes respectively, prompt bacterial or sham inoculum followed 30 minutes by 2 ml of i.p. tincture of opium. Rabbits fed with P. shigelloides did not die or develop diarrhoea, but in a majority of them, histopathological examinations of the intestine revealed mild acute inflammation of the mucosa, mainly in the ileum. There was no serum antibody response by indirect haemagglutination against the lipopolysaccharide of the homologous strains of P. shigelloides. The culture filtrates of the organism also did not show any cytotoxic morphological changes on CHO and Y1 adrenal cell cultures. By contrast, rabbits fed with S. sonnei developed clinical diarrhoea, small to widespread severe acute inflammation of the gut mucosa, and all died on day 7. It may be concluded that P. shigelloides are able to provoke a mild inflammatory lesions of the gut mucosa in this rabbit model; but there is little prospect of using this model to assess easily the virulence of the organism.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sorbent removal of adriamycin in vitro and in vivo.

Adriamycin adsorption to four sorbents, uncoated activated charcoal, acrylic hydrogel-coated activated charcoal, a polystyrene non-ionic resin, and a pyrolized resin, was determined in vitro in aqueous and plasma solutions. Uncoated charcoal and pyrolized resin were most efficient in removing Adriamycin from these solutions. Four hours after an iv bolus of Adriamycin (2.5 mg/kg) to beagle dogs, acrylic hydrogel-coated activated charcoal hemoperfusion was performed. Extraction of Adriamycin averaged 43% throughout the 3-hour hemoperfusion period and resulted in a 20-fold increase in total body elimination of Adriamycin but plasma drug concentrations returned towards control values following hemoperfusion. Pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma Adriamycin profiles suggested that reduction of tissue concentrations of Adriamycin could be attained if hemoperfusion periods were extended. It is suggested that hemoperfusion may be useful in reducing blood levels of Adriamycin in patients with hepatic disease or accidental overdosage, but that reduction of tissue levels of Adriamycin would require extended or repeated hemoperfusion treatments.

Adsorption↗