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Biomedical subjects

A Qureshi

Publications and source records attributed to A Qureshi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

n-Butyl cyanoacrylate adhesive for skin closure of abdominal wounds: preliminary results.

Tissue adhesives offer significant potential advantages over traditional methods of wound closure. A new n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate adhesive formulation was utilised for the closure of abdominal wounds after general and laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery. One hundred and two patients with 240 wounds were recruited. Wounds were classified as > 10 cm, n = 39; 5-9 cm, n = 27; and < 5 cm, n = 176. Complications included one small seroma and two partial superficial dehiscences. There were no incidences of wound infection. This preliminary study indicates that this tissue adhesive can safely and effectively be utilised for general abdominal wound closure. It should now be subjected to the rigorous of a randomised controlled trial to compare its performance against the more traditional methods of wound closure.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1996

Chromosome 9 related aberrations and deletions of the CDKN2 and MTS2 putative tumor suppressor genes in human chondrosarcomas.

Deletions on the short arm of chromosome 9 (9p21 region) have been reported in a number of hematopoietic and solid tumors. These aberrations on 9p have been previously associated with the loss of the interferon gene cluster and the gene for methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), localized to the 9p21-22 region. Recently, two putative tumor suppressor gene(s) CDKN2 and MTS2 have been mapped to the 9p21 region, and shown to be deleted in a large number of tumors including leukemias, melanomas, bladder cancers and brain tumors. We have previously reported a similar 9p21 abnormality and deletions of the CDKN2 and MTS2 genes in a myxoid chondrosarcoma cell line and its subclones. In this study we report consistent abnormalities of chromosome 9 in additional chondrosarcomas examined by a detailed cytogenetic and molecular analysis. Seven chondrosarcoma cell lines, one primary chondrosarcoma, and a benign chondroma were examined. Four of the seven tumor cell lines examined showed grossly visible aberrations of chromosome 9. Molecular analysis of these chondrosarcoma cell lines revealed hemizygous deletions of the interferon genes, and the absence of the MTAP gene, protein or activity. In addition, four of the seven chondrosarcoma cell lines also showed deletions of the CDKN2 and/or MTS2 putative tumor suppressor genes, or the absence of the CDKN2 protein product. No such chromosome 9 related aberrations were detected in the benign chondroma. These data suggest that chromosome 9p21 abnormality, and deletions of the CDKN2 and MTS2 tumor suppressor genes may be a significant event in the development of chondrosarcomas.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Inhibition of atherosclerosis in CD4 T-cell-ablated and nude (nu/nu) C57BL/6 hyperlipidemic mice.

T lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages are prominent components of atherosclerotic lesions, and many of these cells are activated and secreting cytokines. To determine the role of these cells in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we studied its development in T-cell-deficient mice fed a high fat atherogenic diet. Depleting euthymic mice of their CD4+ lymphocytes by 20 weekly injections of CD4 monoclonal antibodies reduced the mean area of their aortic lesions by approximately 70%. Similarly, the mean lesion area of T-cell-deficient nude (nu/nu) mice was 10% of the size of that of their heterozygote (nu/+) litter mates. Flow cytometric studies of splenic T cells and analyses of serum total and HDL cholesterol of these mice indicated that the differences in mean lesion areas among the experimental groups were most closely correlated with differences in splenic T cells content. These studies suggest that in these two models T lymphocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of early atherosclerotic lesions and that a further understanding of this phenomenon may provide future approaches toward the prevention and treatment of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Role of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in post-tuberculous meningitic hydrocephalous.

Thirty-two patients with post-tuberculous meningitic hydrocephalous were admitted. Thirty were subjected to ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Diagnosis was based on CSF analysis and CT scan. Five patients at a Glasgow Coma Score of 3-7 underwent an external ventricular drainage as an initial procedure followed by shunt in 3 patients when condition improved, 17 patients who were conscious at the time of admission made good recovery as compared to 13 patients with altered consciousness who either died (5 patients), or were disabled (8 patients) even after surgery. A mortality of 22% was noted. An early detection and referral is desired to improve the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Intracranial space occupying lesions--review of 386 cases.

An analysis of 386 cases of Intracranial Space Occupying Lesions (SOL) including neoplastic and inflammatory masses diagnosed and treated at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi over a period of 2 years is presented. C.T. Scan and MRI were used for the diagnosis of midline, multiple and very small lesions. S.O.L. were more common in males in the age group 11-20 years. Gliomas comprised 32.1% of the total cases followed by meningiomas 13.7%, abscesses 13.2% and pituitary tumours 13.2%. Tuberculomas constituted 5.5% and therefore, should always be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Oxygen free radical activity in experimental colonic carcinoma.

Oxygen free radical activity has been implicated in carcinogenesis through DNA lysis. This study measured chemiluminescence and superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibition as an index of oxygen free radical activity in azoxymethane-induced colonic carcinoma. After 3 weeks of acclimatization, ten Fisher 344 rats were injected with azoxymethane (7 mg kg-1 week-1) over 10 weeks. All animals were killed at 37 weeks and colonic mucosa (5-25 mg wet weight) was sampled from sites of histologically confirmed gross tumour and sites 3-5 cm distant from tumour as well as from ten paired normal controls. The samples were processed in buffered luminol and chemiluminescence was measured in a luminometer. Each sample was then placed in a solution of SOD for 3 min before a second chemiluminescence estimation. Mean(s.e.m.) chemiluminescence from control mucosal samples decreased from 8.1(1.0) to 3.9(1.1) mV per 100 mg tissue (P < 0.05) after incubation in SOD, suggesting that oxygen free radical activity was being measured. There was an increase to 20.2(0.9) mV per 100 mg in azoxymethane-treated colon remote from tumour and to 53.9(2.1) mV per 100 mg at tumour sites; both were reduced significantly after incubation with SOD to 6.7(0.7) and 11.0(0.8) mV per 100 mg respectively (P < 0.001). Chemiluminescence was significantly increased in azoxymethane-induced colonic carcinoma, both remote from and maximally at the tumour site, suggesting a field change in carcinogenesis associated with oxygen free radical activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Violence against physicians.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the incidence of violence against internists. SETTING: A county-operated tertiary care center in Nassau County, New York. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Questionnaires were distributed to 100 internal medicine residents and attending physicians. They were asked to report: whether they had ever been assaulted or battered either by patients or by relatives of patients; the point in their medical training at which such episodes had occurred; the nature and severity of the violent episodes; and the circumstances surrounding such episodes. RESULTS: Questionnaires were returned by 63 physicians (response rate, 63%). Ten physicians (16% of the respondents) reported that they had been battered, three (5%) on multiple occasions. Twenty-six physicians (41%) reported that they had been assaulted, 15 (24%) on multiple occasions. The majority (54%) of violent episodes had been instigated either by intoxicated patients or by patients with psychiatric histories. In this small sample, no injury was reported. CONCLUSIONS: Violence against medical residents and attending physicians exists and is most commonly associated with patients who are intoxicated or who have psychiatric histories.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Selective cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now the method of choice for removing the diseased gallbladder. Asymptomatic common bile duct stones occur in approximately 6 per cent of patients. Controversy exists, however, as to whether selective or routine peroperative cholangiography should be performed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Over a 21-month period 300 consecutive laparoscopic cholecystectomies without routine cholangiography were attempted. There were 28 conversions. In all, 229 patients did not undergo cholangiography and in this group there were two common duct injuries. These were both identified and dealt with by open operation. Five patients underwent peroperative cholangiography, none of whom was found to have common duct pathology. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed in 38 patients. Of 27 who had this investigation performed before operation, common duct stones were diagnosed in seven (26 per cent). Two common duct stones were discovered in 11 patients who underwent the investigation after operation. Thus only two of 240 patients (0.8 per cent) who did not undergo preoperative or peroperative cholangiography subsequently had symptomatic duct stones. Peroperative cholangiography may be indicated in selected patients who have had symptoms of common bile duct stones or in those in whom the biliary anatomy is unclear. However, routine preoperative or peroperative cholangiography is unnecessary during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Field bioassays of permethrin-treated uniforms and a new extended duration repellent against mosquitoes in Pakistan.

Field bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment combinations of permethrin-impregnated clothing and a new extended duration repellent formulation of deet against natural populations of mosquitoes in Islamabad, Pakistan. Tests were initiated 2-2 1/2 hours prior to sunset and volunteers who wore the topical repellent applied it 8 hours earlier. The most effective treatment was a combination of wearing both the permethrin-impregnated clothing and the repellent on exposed skin. This combination provided 100% protection from bites whereas volunteers wearing only treated clothing received 57% protection. Those wearing only repellent received 89% protection, but, under the biting pressure observed, this was not significantly different from the treated clothing-repellent combination.

Animals↗