Bromocriptine-responsive idiopathic edema.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
A Porath
Publications and source records attributed to A Porath.
Vitamin D metabolism during recovery from severe osteitis fibrosa cystica of primary hyperparathyroidism.
Serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D] and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone were measured before and for 7 months after the removal of a 15-g parathyroid adenoma from a 44-yr-old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism and severe osteitis fibrosa cystica. Despite the fall in parathyroid hormone levels from preoperative levels of 20 to 1--2 ng/ml after surgery (normal, up to 1.2 ng/ml), serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentrations remained markedly elevated (156 pg/ml) preoperatively; 124 pg/ml 17 weeks postoperative), approaching the normal range (18--56 pg/ml) only after 5 months (65 pg/ml). Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia persisted despite oral 1,25-(OH)2D3 (1 and 2 micrograms/day) and large doses of (oral and iv) calcium gluconate (up to 30 g/day). Healing of the skeletal lesions, reversal of the myopathy, and return of 1,25-(OH)2D circulating levels to normal corresponded to the time when serum phosphate became normal. The stimulus for the persistently elevated serum 1,25-(OH)2D levels may have been hypocalcemia per se, low serum phosphate, or an unidentified signal that paralleled serum phosphate, as serum PTH levels remained in the upper normal range throughout the recovery period.
Adenoma↗
Passive electrical properties of Halobacterium species. I. Low-frequency range.
The electrical conductivity of suspensions of two species of Halobacterium was measured at low A. C. frequency. The results obtained from Halobacterium halobium suspensions show that the bacteria act as non-conducting particles. In contrast, the cells of a Halobacterium obtained from the Dead Sea (Halobacterium marismortui) had an apparently high conductivity which can be explained partly in terms of the cell-membrane being pierced by pores through which ions can move freely and partly in terms of highly concentrated cell ions, all of which are mobile.
Cell Count↗
Prenatal diagnosis of Meckel syndrome: alpha-feto protein and beta-trace protein in amniotic fluid.
Meckel syndrome was diagnosed prenatally by alpha-feto protein and beta-trace protein determinations in amniotic fluid. No central nervous system anomalies were detected in the affected fetus, who presented with large polycystic kidneys and polydactyly. An excessive synthesis of these fetal proteins by the dysplastic kidneys is suggested, allowing for the possibility of prenatal diagnosis of polycystic kidneys in families at risk for this disease. The present family emphasized the importance of amniocentesis in pregnancies at risk for Meckel syndrome, regardless of the presence of a defect in neural tube closure.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Chlamydia pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia: a review of 62 hospitalized adult patients.
In a prospective study, Chlamydia pneumoniae was identified as the etiological agent in 62 (17.9%) of 346 adult patients hospitalized over the course of one year for community-acquired pneumonia at the Soroka Medical Center in Beer-Sheva, Israel. The diagnosis of C. pneumoniae infection was based on serological testing of antibodies by the MIF technique. In 43 of these patients (69.4%), at least one other etiological agent, in addition to C. pneumoniae for community-acquired pneumonia was identified. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified in 34 patients with C. pneumoniae (54.8%), as an additional causative factor in infection. Community-acquired pneumonia patients with C. pneumoniae were significantly older than non-C. pneumoniae patients (p = 0.03), had a higher APACHE II score on admission (p < 0.05), a higher rate of positive blood cultures (p = 0.02), and longer periods of hospitalization (p = 0.022). Seven patients with pure C. pneumoniae infection recovered, despite treatment which is not considered to be specific for C. pneumoniae. It was concluded that C. pneumoniae is a common etiological agent for community-acquired pneumonia in our region, particularly in the elderly, and is characterized by a high rate of concomitant infections with other pulmonary pathogens. No specific clinical or radiological pattern was discerned that could distinguish between C. pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia and non-C. pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia.
Adolescent↗
IL-1beta and IL-6 in community-acquired pneumonia: bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia versus Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.
Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in 20 patients with bacteremic Streptococcus pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were compared with these cytokine levels in 20 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae CAP. All 40 patients survived hospitalization and underwent a follow-up examination one month later. Serum IL-1beta and IL-6 levels were determined by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method using commercial kits. In the acute phase of CAP, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the S. pneumoniae group (p = 0.014), while IL-1beta levels were higher in the M. pneumoniae group (p = 0.046). In the convalescence phase, the two cytokines were detected in a considerable number of patients in both groups. In this phase, only the level of IL-1beta was significantly higher in the M. pneumoniae group than in the S. pneumoniae group (p = 0.03). We conclude that the levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 are different between patients with S. pneumoniae-CAP and M. pneumoniae-CAP during the acute phase. In the convalescence phase, cytokine levels remain high in some of the CAP patients, but a significant difference between the groups exists only for IL-1beta. Further studies are required.
Adult↗
Effectiveness and cost benefit of a proposed live cytomegalovirus vaccine in the prevention of congenital disease.
Congenital infection by human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is presently the leading infectious cause of mental retardation and congenital deafness in the United States. Live CMV vaccines in healthy adults have been shown to be safe and to induce immune responses similar to those that occur with natural CMV infection. Yet, only recently has a live CMV vaccine been tested for its protective ability. To evaluate the cost benefit and effectiveness of the proposed live CMV vaccine, we compared the following strategies: routine immunization, selective immunization of those women screened and found to be seronegative, and no immunization. Our results show that, when direct costs alone are considered, routine immunization of healthy women aged 15-25 years is cost beneficial even in populations with CMV seroprevalence as high as 87%. In populations with lower seroprevalence (55%-70%), for every 100,000 women immunized, more than 24 cases of symptomatic congenital CMV infection at birth and a similar number of cases with late sequelae (mainly deafness) would be prevented yearly. Such immunization would result in a net annual saving of $2.5 million.
Adolescent↗
Serum cholinesterase in tetanus.
This paper describes the correlation between serum cholinesterase levels and the severity and course of tetanus in a young patient. The diagnostic and prognostic value and significance of this enzyme as well as the therapeutic value of cholinesterase-restoring agents in tetanus are discussed.
Child↗
Spermatozoa activity comparator.
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Chemotaxis↗
Density differences in the spermatozoa of normozoospermic, asthenozoospermic and oligo-asthenozoospermic males.
The spermatozoa densities of the ejaculates obtained daily for five days from infertile males were compared to the spermatozoa densities of the ejaculates obtained from normozoospermic donors. The density distribution of the spermatozoa was established on Percoll columns of discontinuous densities. The density dispersion patterns of five consecutive days from each donor within a donor group were used to establish the main, daily density dispersion patterns. The five, daily, mean dispersion patterns were used to create 3-dimensional graphs of density dispersion variations. The 3-dimensional graphs from the infertile male groups show negligible daily variations as compared to that of the healthy males. The absence of wide daily variations is suggested to be considered as a sign of faulty epididymal functioning.
Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
Cost-effectiveness of streptokinase for acute myocardial infarction: A combined meta-analysis and decision analysis of the effects of infarct location and of likelihood of infarction.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of infarct location and of the likelihood of infarction on the cost-effectiveness of intravenous streptokinase (IVSK) for suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI). DESIGN: A meta-analysis of short-term survival was combined with a simple decision tree to determine marginal cost-effectiveness ratios for different infarct locations and different likelihoods of AMI (pMI). SETTING: Six randomized trials comparing IVSK with conservative treatment. PATIENTS: 31,940 patients with onset of symptoms of AMI from four to 24 hours earlier and, with the exception of one trial, electrocardiographic abnormalities. Patients with contraindications to thrombolytic treatment such as uncontrolled hypertension were excluded. MAIN RESULTS: If AMI is certain, treatment with IVSK has marginal cost-effectiveness ratios for each additional life saved of $9,900, $56,600, and $28,400, respectively, for patients with anterior, inferior, and other locations of AMI. If pMI is 50% treatment with IVSK has marginal cost-effectiveness ratios for each additional life saved of $22,700, $131,800, and $63,100, respectively, for patients with anterior, inferior, and other locations of AMI. CONCLUSIONS: The marginal cost-effectiveness ratio for IVSK therapy of inferior infarction is six times that for anterior infarction and rises steeply as the presence of AMI becomes less certain. Assuming society is willing to pay $250,000 per life saved, IVSK therapy should be given if the chance of acute anterior infarction exceeds 7%, if the chance of inferior infarction exceeds 32%, or if the chance of infarction in other locations exceeds 17%. In patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction, IVSK saves lives and is a reasonable use of societal resources.
Boston↗