Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Pop.
The prevalence of primary liver cancer (PLC), unlike that of the other digestive carcinomas, is constantly increasing. Epidemiologic data have revealed the risk factors for PLC. New methods of detection allow to define the cases at high risk for PLC, and an active follow-up permits the early disease detection, when the tumor can still be operated on. The diagnostic value of each method is analysed.
The authors carried out a study on 100 cases with broncho-pulmonary infections in two different periods: 1963--1964 and 1973--1974. Changes in the microbial flora were investigated, as well as the sensitivity of germs to antibiotics. An increase was noted in the number of chronic bronchitis and a decrease in the number of pneumonia cases. In the microbial flora there was a constant proportion of staphylococcus, streptococcus and coli strains. The proportion of micrococci decreased with time and pneumococci practically disappeared, being replaced by klebsiella germs. Sensitivity to penicilin remained almost identical while that to chloramphenicol decreased significantly, as well as sensitivity to tetracycline and neomycine. The practical conclusion is that in some cases the application of penicilin treatment, before the results of the antibiogram are available appears to be justified.
The frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the meat provided by two abattoirs, as well as the pathogenicity of the isolated strains were studied. The parasite carriage was investigated on 299 pools of diaphragmatic muscle (1 pool = 10 animals) from 740 swine, 910 cattle and 1340 sheep: the methods used were bioassays on mice and the precocious identification of the tachyzoites in the peritoneal exudate and after 30 days the cerebral cysts. There were obtained 27 positive results (9.01%), in the examined pools of meat, without significant differences as concerns the frequency in relation to the animal species. Out of these strains two were virulent for mice and rabbits.
The cases of cochleovestibular syndromes admitted into the O.R.L. ward during one year are statistically processed. 81 cases of hypoacusis of perception and vertiginous syndromes were admitted between January 1 and December 31, 1987. 42 of them were males and 29 females. 31 were pure cochlear syndromes, 32 vestibular syndromes without affecting the cochlea, and 15 were cochleovestibular syndromes. The paper surveys the available ways of investigation, by which a topographic and etiologic diagnosis can be determined, within certain limits and an adequate treatment can be recommended.
On the basis of data published in the specialized literature the authors have experimented the effects of five substances currently used for the disinfection of prostheses. These included: Denclen (a British product), Super Quick's (made in the FRG), and Leodent also a West German product), as well as two general disinfectants of the buccal cavity: perogen and bromocet, on the acrylic resins used for the dental prostheses: Superpont (made in Czechoslovakia) and Romacryl (a Romanian product). The study showed that these substances, both the special ones and the general disinfectants are not completely passive when in contact with the acrylic prostheses. They should be used with care, and in accordance with the indications concerning concentration and duration of application.
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The reactivity of thyroid cancer cells treated with estradiol (E) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) in the presence of other hormones (TSH, STH, insulin), myopeptide and some pesticides (aminotriazole--ATA, atrazine--ATZ, prometryne--P and ATC) proved to be active in the culture medium. Protein synthesis in sclerosing folliculo-papillary cancer cells under the treatment applied is more markedly inhibited by DHA than by E in the culture medium is compared to the control lots. Tg1 and T3 release into the culture medium under the action of T4 and TSH decreases progressively going from the control to the treated lots, in the presence of E and DHA. STH inhibits Tg1 and T3 secretion in thyroid follicular carcinoma, whether or not E or DHA are present in the culture medium.
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In 15 patients with a total of 22 breast macrocysts serum and intracystic T4 and T3 and intracysts TSH were concomitantly radioimmunoassayed (using a technique with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for T3, T4, and a double antibody technique for TSH). While in most cysts (17/22) the T4 values were under those in the serum, in 21 cysts T3 was 2-18 times above the serum values. Intracystic TSH was at the lower limit of the normal serum TSH values whereas prolactin (PRL) and thyroglobulin (TGL) assayed in several cysts were not different from their serum value. It suggests that breast macrocysts are able to concentrate or even produce triiodothyronine.
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The influence of aminotriazole (ATA), atrazine (ATZ), prometryne (P) and ATC on T4 to T3 conversion in kidney and liver cell cultures in the presence or absence of cysteine was studied. The experiment was carried out on cell cultures (rat renal cells and human embryo cells) and organotypic cultures (rat liver cells), treated with the above mentioned pesticides in 2 doses each, in the presence of 1 microgram and 10 micrograms T4 in the culture medium. This experiment was reproduced in the same conditions supplementing the culture medium with 30 mg cysteine per 100 ml culture medium. T3 and T4 in the culture medium were measured by RIA. The proteins in the monolayer cultures were also assayed. Cysteine proved to stimulate T4 to T3 conversion at the level of human and rat kidney cells with little variation depending on the pesticide and the dose applied. Between the activities of the human and the rat cells in the presence of the same pesticide, there were clear differences. The latter are also expressed in the values of proteic synthesis taking place in the renal human embryo cells and rat renal cell cultures under the same influences.
The authors have studied the reactivity of cold thyroid nodule cells (CN) by comparison with the reactivity of normal thyroid cells (Ty), hot nodules cells (N), Graves' disease cells (G) and cells from the area proximal to cold nodules (TyC), under the influence of increased amounts of T3, TSH, STH, insulin, estradiol and KI present in the culture medium. The experiment lasted for 9-10 days. The study was carried out on monolayer cultures of cells obtained by tripsinization and on organocultures. Proteic synthesis, cytochemical and cytoenzymatic activities in the culture under the influence of the above substances were examined comparatively. After interruption of the treatment, the monolayer cultures were stained with Giemsa and examined by light microscopy. Proteic synthesis and release of Tg, T3 and T4 into the culture medium, were also examined. The organocultures were used in evaluating 125I uptake from the medium under the influence of the treatment. The results showed variation in relation to the tissue and hormone dose applied. It was especially found that TSH and estradiol cause enlargement of CN cell nuclei and an increased number of mitoses and polyploidia which might be premises for possible malignization.
LH and FSH of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were radioimmunologically measured. Samples were obtained simultaneously from 116 subjects of the following groups: A. 22 patients with non-endocrine diseases, B. 18 patients with cranial diabetes insipidus (DI) of whom 4 with metastatic carcinomas, C. 5 patients with primary empty sella syndrome, D. one with hydatiform mole, and E. 70 patients with pituitary adenomas, i.e. growth hormone--or prolactin-secreting or "non-secreting" adenomas, of whom 38 patients with invasive and 32 with enclosed adenomas. LH and FSH are normal constituents of CSF and their CSF levels poorly correlates with the serum ones (LH r = 0.477 p less than 0.01). Enclosed adenomas with SSE showed low levels of LH in CSF. High CSF-gonadotropins concentrations (above 4.0 mIU/ml) with a low serum/CSF ratio (below 3) was frequently, but not constantly found in patients with invasive adenomas and are not indicative per se of this diagnosis. Some patients with brain metastasis from breast carcinoma and DI, or with non-tumoral diseases and DI showed similar high patterns of CSF gonadotropins though the serum levels were within normal range. This suggests that local vascular mechanisms, including the retrograde circulation of gonadotropins from the pituitary to the hypothalamus, influence the blood-brain barrier much more than the release of gonadotropins into the systemic blood circulation.
Growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and gonadotropins (LH and FSH) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were radioimmunologically measured in basal condition in 75 cases and during the stimulation with releasing hormones in 24 of cases, i.e. with TRH plus LRH i.v. Samples were obtained from 75 patients of the following groups: A. control group of 9 patients without endocrine diseases; B. 8 patients with nontumoral diseases, of whom 4 with organic cranial diabetes insipidus and 4 with empty sella syndromes; C. 36 patients with invasive tumors i.e. 6 hypothalamic metastatic carcinomas and 300 invasive pituitary adenomas; D. 22 patients with enclosed tumors, i.e. 1 suprasellar dermoid cyst and 21 enclosed pituitary adenomas. Minimum 3 pituitary hormones were measured in each analyzed sample, and only those hormones, not secreted by the tumoral cells, were analyzed for their differential penetration into the CSF. An increase of the permeability of the blood-CSF barrier (BCB) was frequently observed in the group of invasive tumors and occasionally in the other tumoral or non-tumoral groups. The serum/CSF ratios of gonadotropins become significantly lower than the ratios of GH and PRL in the invasive groups (p less than 0.02), and here the CSF level was correlated to the increases of the serum levels during LRH plus TRH i.v. test only for gonadotropins. These data suggest that the specificity of BCB is not lost, but altered by the tumors of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal region, with an increase of the permeability for gonadotropins more than for GH or PRL.