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Biomedical subjects

A Pilin

Publications and source records attributed to A Pilin.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Age-related post-translational modification of proteins in human tissue and its use determination of age in forensic medicine. Review].

This article deals with some of posttranslational modification of proteins which are, or could be useful to work out objective and standard methods for age estimation in forensic medicine. From many posttranslational modifications other than racemization, the evaluation of pentosidine, one of the products of nonenzymatic glycosylation, seems to be promising. The enlargement of menu of methods for age estimation is important mainly for forensic sciences when determination of the age of an unknown dead body is necessary. Morphological methods are quite often subjective and charged with errors.

Aging↗
PubMed2003

Oral health status of drug addicts in the Czech Republic.

Over the last decade, illicit drug use has become a very pronounced problem in the Czech Republic. Some branches of medicine such as psychiatry, internal medicine and neurology have tried to confront the situation by joint treatment of addicted patients. Dentistry has so far remained outside this multi-disciplinary care despite the fact that the status of dental and other tissues in the oral cavity influences general health and vice versa. The aim of the survey on the oral health of drug addicts that was conducted in the Czech Republic from 2000 to 2002 was to collect data to help dental professionals contribute to the complex care of drug addicts. The number of addicted persons examined was 400 and the subgroup of drug addicts consisted of 217 subjects (mean age 23.87 yrs, SD 6.70), all being treated in long term hospitals. Among other oral health features observed, the DMFT and CPITN indices are presented in this paper. The results show severe dental and periodontal tissue destruction in young addicts and two case reports are included. The above survey indicates that dental treatment should become a part of standard care for addicted patients in long-term hospitals. Furthermore, if severe oral tissue impairment in young persons whether in dental practice or during autopsy is encountered a drug addiction should be suspected. If so, the treatment of the person or examination of the dead body should accordingly be adjusted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Age determination using peptide mapping of non-collagenous proteins in human dentin].

The submitted paper deals with possibilities of assessment of human age based on findings of stereospecific breakdown of proteins containing D-forms of aspartic acid. The stereospecificity of enzymatic breakdown assumes that after enzymatic hydrolysis peptide breakdown products with different molecular weights--the so-called peptide map--will be formed, depending how many D-aspartyl residues the protein contains. The authors proved in the submitted preliminary study in subjects of different age the formation of breakdown products of different size in non-collagenous proteins of human dentin which was hydrolyzed by protease V8 from Staphylococcus aureus.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Determination of the D-and L-forms of aspartic acid in intervertebral disk tissue as an indicator of age].

Assessment of age according to racemization coefficient of aspartic acid in dentin is considered a reliable method. Proteins which are isolated from dentin are non-collagenous proteins or collagen. As collagen is one of the most frequent proteins in the human body, the question arises whether the D-form of aspartic acid can be assessed also in other tissues and the racemization coefficient used for assessment of age. In the submitted work the author assessed to use the racemization coefficient in the tissue of the intervertebral disk. A lyophilized portion of the annulus fibrosus was hydrolyzed and the amino acids of the hydrolysate were estimated after derivation by gas chromatography on a chiral capillary column. The values of the racemization coefficient indicate limited possibilities to assess age from thus prepared tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Determination of D- and L- forms of aspartic acid in Achilles tendon tissue as an indicator of age].

The presence of the D-form of aspartic acid was detected in collagen of dentin and the intervertebral disk before and assessment of its racemization coefficient was used for assessment of the age of subjects. Another tissue formed almost solely by collagen type I are tendons. Tendon tissue was not investigated so far with regard to the racemization coefficient and therefore the authors assessed the D-form of aspartic acid in the Achilles tendon. They used lyophilized tendon excisions which were hydrolyzed. Amino acids in the hydrolysate were derived to N-TFA isopropyl esters which were assessed by gas chromatography on a chiral capillary column. In all samples the D-form of aspartic acid was detected. The values of the racemization coefficient suggest the possible use of thus processed tissue with certain limitations.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed2001

The use of the D-, L- aspartic ratio in decalcified collagen from human dentin as an estimator of human age.

Among the methods dealing with the age estimation, the evaluation of the ratio of the D-, L- form of the aspartic acid in tissues with a low metabolic turnover is considered to be the most precise. We introduced demineralization of the dentin with 0.5 M EDTA adjusted to pH = 7.4. The advantage of such a procedure is that after demineralization we obtained pure insoluble protein (collagen) and soluble noncollagenous proteins in one step. In this study we analyzed insoluble collagen. The amino acids obtained after the hydrolysis were derivatized into TFA isopropyl esters and analyzed by gas chromatography on Chirasil L-Val capillary column. We analyzed human dentin from the lower canines. The correlation coefficient was 0.93 for our set of 71 persons. The result concurred with those of other scientists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

A rare case of evisceration.

A case of homicide is described where the body of a young woman was found in the countryside in a state of advanced decomposition. The autopsy revealed that almost all the internal organs were missing, but not due to putrefaction. The thoracic cavity was opened in the professional manner normally used during an autopsy. The remains of the small intestine were tied with strands of hair braided into a thin cord.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1999

Determination of the size of a foreign body in the eye using image analysis of its roentgenogram.

The case of a computer-enhanced image analysis of X-ray pictures of a pellet in the orbit of a man who sustained a shotgun injury to his right eyeball is presented. The man was shot accidentally during a pheasant hunt. Two hunters were shooting simultaneously but they were using three different sizes of pellet--3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 mm. One of the pellets hit a third man in the eye. He sustained serious injury with a resultant loss of sight in this eye despite immediate medical treatment. Unfortunately the pellet could not be removed from the orbit, but it was necessary to establish who was responsible for the injury. The problem lay in determining the specification and size of the pellet at that moment. The problem was solved using computer-enhanced video image analysis of the X-ray pictures of the pellets. The image processor LUCIA G (http(/)/www.lim.cz) was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Present possibilities of age determination in forensic medicine with emphasis on the importance of measurement of D- and L- forms of aspartic acid. I. An overview].

Evaluation of age of unknown deceased persons belongs to the most important ways to identification. For the time being, morphological methods are used, namely evaluation of age according to Gustafson's method from tooth grindings or by macroscopical estimation of abrasion, transparency of root dentine, alveolar atrophy and number of missing teeth. Evaluation of the data can be influenced by an individual failure and experience showed an age related decrease of precision. Recently, some papers occurred estimating a relation of D, L-forms of aspartic acid which depends on the age with a significant precision.

Age Determination by Teeth↗
PubMed1982

[Age determination by teeth].

The aim of our work was to find out to what extent atrophy of the alveolus, transparence of the root dentin, number of missing teeth, abrasion and the mineral content may be indicators of the age of an unknown person. In all these factors we found statistically significant dependence on age (P less than 0.05), with the exception of the sodium and magnesium content. The estimate of age can be made with relatively good reliability according to the atrophy of the alveolus, transparence of the dentin, abrasion and the number of missing teeth. The best results are achieved when a summary estimate of age is made.

Adolescent↗