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Biomedical subjects

A Pesce

Publications and source records attributed to A Pesce.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bone localizations disclosing Hodgkin's disease. Apropos of 11 cases].

The authors report 11 cases of Hodgkin's disease in which the first sign was due to bone involvement. Such observations are rare and raise diagnosis delays (Means: 5, 6 months in this series). Modern medical imaging techniques (scintigraphy, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful to an earlier diagnosis which will be better confirmed by lymph node biopsy given the poor information yielded by osseous cytology and/or histology. The elective localisation in bones belonging to the axial skeleton seems to support the hypothesis of a contiguous osseous involvement from lymphoïd organs in contact with bones. Evolution with chemotherapy and radiotherapy is very similar to that observed in patients without bone involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Heparin-like anticoagulant in small cell bronchial carcinoma].

Acquired circulating heparin-like anticoagulants may have different causes, the most frequent being plasmocyte proliferation. The authors report an exceptional case of association between an heparin-like inhibitor and a small-cell anaplastic lung carcinoma, and they review the pathogenesis, laboratory diagnostic methods and treatment of the anticoagulant.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Systemic complications of beta-blocking eyedrops. Apropos of 6 cases].

Six cases of systemic reactions to topical treatment with beta-blocking eyedrops are reported, bradycardia and faintness due to an overdosage of ophthalmic timolol; decompensated heart failure one month after the prescription of carteolol eyedrops: bronchospasm after two weeks of treatment with metipranolol eyedrops; crippling Raynaud's phenomenon of otherwise unknown origin, which had begun with timolol eyedrops, continued with carteolol eyedrops and regressed after discontinuation of ophthalmic beta-blockers; aggravation of an anaphylactoid shock in a patient treated with ophthalmic timolol, and myocardial infarction possibly due to the abrupt withdrawal of timolol eyedrops. It cannot be overstressed that the rules governing the prescription of oral beta-blockers also apply to ophthalmic preparations of these drugs: respect of contra-indications, strict adherence to the dosage recommended, gradual drug withdrawal and regular supervision. Only controlled studies and long-term follow-up will be able to demonstrate differences in safety between the five beta-blockers commercialized as eyedrops in this country.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nerve globins in invertebrates.

The expression of nerve hemoglobins in invertebrates is a well-established fact, but this occurrence is uncommon. In the species where nerve globins occur, they probably function as an oxygen store for sustaining activity of the nerves during anoxic conditions. Although invertebrate nerve globins are functionally similar with respect to O2 affinity, they are by no means uniform in structure and can differ in size, cellular localization and heme-coordination. The best-studied nerve globin is the mini-globin of Cerebratulus lacteus, which belongs to a class of globins containing the polar TyrB10/GlnE7 pair in the distal pocket. The amide and phenol side chains normally cause low rates of O2 dissociation and ultra-high O2 affinity by forming strong hydrogen bonds with bound ligands. Cerebratulus hemoglobin, however, has a moderate O2 affinity, due to the presence of a third polar amino-acid in its active site, ThrE11, which inhibits hydrogen bonding to bound oxygen by the B10 tyrosine side chain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro activity of rifaximin, metronidazole and vancomycin against Clostridium difficile and the rate of selection of spontaneously resistant mutants against representative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, including ammonia-producing species.

BACKGROUND: Rifaximin is a rifamycin derivative characterized by a wide antibacterial activity. This drug is neither absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract nor inactivated by gastric juices, and exerts its action entirely within the intestinal lumen. METHODS: In this study, the activity of this antibiotic was compared with that of metronidazole and vancomycin against 93 Clostridium difficile isolates. The rate of emergence of bacteria spontaneously resistant to the new compound was also evaluated in relation to representative gram-positive and gram-negative strains. In terms of MIC(50) values, rifaximin showed an intrinsic activity superior to that of the other agents. The emergence of spontaneously resistant strains was assessed with 46 aerobic (staphylococci, enterococci, Proteus spp., Citrobacter freundii, Providencia rettgeri, enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive, enterotoxigenic and entero- hemorrhagic Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enteritidis) and anaerobic (Clostridium spp., Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum and Peptococcus spp.) pathogens, most of them also ammonium producers. Two different methods, broth and agar dilution, were employed. RESULTS: When liquid medium was employed, bacteria capable of sustained growth in 100 microg/ml of rifaximin were obtained after 2-5 transfers with gram-positive aerobic cocci, 2-3 transfers with gram-negative aerobic strains and 2-5 transfers with anaerobic species. At the highest dose used with the agar dilution method (8 x MIC), the frequency of emergence of spontaneously resistant mutants ranged from <1 x 10(-9) to 1.6 x 10(-8) with gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic cocci, while with aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative bacteria, this value ranged from <1 x 10(-9) to 1.7 x 10(-7). C. difficile showed a particularly low incidence of spontaneously resistant mutants (<1 x 10(-9)). The low incidence of resistant subpopulations selected by levels of 8 x MIC of rifaximin suggests that the high levels of the drug which were reached in the gastrointestinal lumen may further prevent the selection of mutants. CONCLUSION: The low toxicity, broad antibacterial activity and very poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tract of rifaximin suggest a potential therapeutic use for this drug in gastrointestinal diseases, as well as in the management of patients with cirrhosis and chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy.

Ammonia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bactericidal activity, morphological alterations, and synergistic interactions of rufloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, alone and in combination with its N-desmethylate D derivative (MF 922).

The in vitro activity of rufloxacin, alone and in combination with its metabolite (MF 922) against common respiratory and urinary tract pathogens and anaerobes was assessed. No synergistic interaction between rufloxacin and MF 922 was observed by the checkerboard technique against aerobic bacteria. When the time-kill system was employed, 24 synergistic interactions were noted out of 30 tests performed (80%), of which 14 (100%) were with Enterobacteriaceae isolates, 2 with Moraxella catarrhalis (50%), 4 with Haemophilus influenzae (100%), 2 with Staphylococcus aureus (50%) and 2 with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes (50%). Synergism was found with all Bacteroides fragilis irrespectively of the method used. Rufloxacin alone or in combination with MF 922, at concentrations achieved in vivo, induced morphological alterations in all the pathogens analyzed with the exception of M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae. Towards S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae, the same levels of rufloxacin and MF 922 were capable of inducing only bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal effect, followed by reversible morphological modifications. The presence of 50% human serum in the test media did not affect the results.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phlebologic management of seropositive patients].

There appears to be an increase in the number of HIV-positive patients seeking treatment for varicose veins. This is due to the increase of the incidence of the disease in the population, its spread amongst non-marginalized people and because the patients known that although their long-term prognosis is poor, they do have a latency period during which they can live a normal life. Should HIV-positive varicose patients be considered in the same way as other varicose patients or should they be refused treatment unless this is really indispensable? This is the main pratical question, because many patients are refused treatment, whereas the authors make no distinction in principle. The authors ask what impact will this attitude have on the work of the consultation service and try to give some guidelines.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Polycythemia secondary to hepatic hemangioma. Demonstration of tumoral erythropoietin secretion].

We report the case of a 37-year old man with polycythemia related to hepatic tumor with elevated serum erythropoietin concentrations. Left hepatic lobectomy was performed 20 months after admission. Microscopic examination revealed a typical hemangioma. Erythropoietin in tumoral extract was elevated. Two months later, the hematocrit and the serum erythropoietin level were within normal range. To our know-ledge, this is the first report in literature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of recurrent common warts with one low dose of intralesional natural human leukocyte interferon alpha.

Nine patients with recurrent and long lasting common warts were treated with intralesional Hu-IFN-alpha. The schedule was a single dose per wart, ranged between 10(5) and 2 x 10(5) IU. Placebo was also administered in 3 of these patients. Complete remission was observed in 7 of the 9 patients. The pattern of warts involution and the possible interferon mechanism of action are discussed. A significant pain relief, produced by interferon injection was observed in the patients with plantar warts and in one patient with subungueal wart.

Adolescent↗