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Biomedical subjects

A Perry

Publications and source records attributed to A Perry.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Encephalitis caused by a Sarcocystis-like organism in a steer.

Sarcocystis spp can cause poor growth, anorexia, fever, anemia, muscular weakness, nervousness, abortion, and even death in cattle. Lesions in the CNS of cattle infected with Sarcocystis spp are microscopic and relatively minor, compared with those in other organs. We report extensive encephalitis in a steer attributable to a Sarcocystis-like organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin for treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in patients who have failed thiotepa and/or mitomycin C.

Thirty patients with stage Ta carcinoma in situ or T1 superficial bladder cancer received 6 weeks of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin. All patients had persistent or recurrent tumor despite thiotepa and/or mitomycin C. Response was determined by the results of endoscopy, bladder wash cytology and biopsy performed 4 weeks after the last dose of bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Of the 30 patients 15 (50 per cent) had a complete response. The likelihood of a complete response was better for those with initial Ta lesions (62 per cent) and carcinoma in situ (56 per cent) than for patients with an initial T1 lesion (25 per cent). Although the longest followup is only 36 months (mean 16 months) patients with a complete response have a much better prognosis in terms of subsequent tumor, need for cystectomy and death of bladder cancer.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1987

A British experience of surgical voice restoration techniques as a secondary procedure following total laryngectomy.

An earlier paper (Cheesman et al., 1985) described assessment procedures for 'failed' oesophageal speakers who were referred to Charing Cross Hospital for possible Surgical Voice Restoration in 1983-4. This paper presents the results of surgical voice restoration in the first fifty laryngectomized patients referred and analyses the reasons for failure in those where surgical voice restoration was unsuccessful. 94 per cent of patients who underwent secondary voice restoration were successful at two weeks post-surgery, but this success rate dropped to 73 per cent at three months. Reasons for this are explained and the pre-requisites for a successful surgical voice restoration are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Aerosol anesthesia increases hypercapnic ventilation and breathlessness in laryngectomized humans.

The effect of local anesthetic aerosol inhalation on the ventilatory response and the sensation of breathlessness to CO2 rebreathing was studied in seven healthy male subjects with permanent tracheal stomas after laryngectomy for carcinoma. Inhalation of bupivacaine aerosol sufficient to abolish the cough reflex to mechanical probing below the carina increased the ventilatory response to CO2 in six of seven subjects compared with saline control. This was achieved by an increase in both respiratory frequency (f) and tidal volume (VT) in four subjects, f in one subject, and VT in one subject. All subjects reported that they were more breathless on rebreathing after bupivacaine aerosol. The six subjects who recorded breathlessness with a visual analog scale (VAS) indicated its onset at a lower minute ventilation (VE) and gave higher VAS scores for equivalent levels of VE after threshold. We conclude that the enhanced CO2 sensitivity and breathlessness on rebreathing after airway anesthesia results from altered lower airway receptor discharge.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Tracheo-oesophageal 'puncture speech'. An assessment technique for failed oesophageal speakers.

We describe the assessment procedures used at Charing-Cross Hospital to investigate laryngectomees who failed to develop oesophageal voice and give the results of assessment in 50 patients. Anatomical or physiological abnormalities in the reconstructed pharynx were found in all patients, and we feel these significantly contributed to the failure of achieving an oesophageal voice. The four cases of failure were due to hypotonicity of the pharyngo-oesophageal muscles, hypertonicity, frank spasm and stricture. This distinction can be used as a functional classification of failure as treatment for each group has to be different if successful surgical voice restoration is to be achieved. Patients with hypotonicity need to use external pressure; those with mild hypertonicity are able to use a low pressure tracheo-oesophageal voice prosthesis; those with spasm need a pharyngo-oesophageal myotomy prior to "puncture", while those with stricture need surgical correction.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1985

Issues in the therapy of hearing children with deaf parents.

The psychiatric literature on deaf children is sparse. Even less attention has been paid to the more common situation of the hearing child raised by deaf parents. Such a child is deprived of the parents' hearing and often the parents' speech. The oldest hearing child in the family often takes on the role of family interpreter which may be a source of both pride and resentment. This can contribute to role reversal leading to a frustration of the child's dependency needs and bitter sibling rivalry. Other problems may result from the parents' ambivalence towards their child. The available literature is surveyed and case illustrations are provided. Suggestions to therapists working with similar families are made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Hypnotic susceptibility: a lateral predisposition and altered cerebral asymmetry under hypnosis.

Psychophysiological and behavioural evidence is reported of altered cerebral asymmetry under hypnosis in favour of the right hemisphere. This occurred in Susceptible as distinct from Unsusceptible subjects. Measures included bilateral electrodermal responses to tones and bimanual processing times for sorting letters and numbers with eyes closed. Subjects listened to a tape recording of a procedure for inducing relaxation under hypnosis. Susceptible subjects, unlike Unsusceptibles, showed lateral asymmetries in baseline conditions in favour of the left hemisphere. Electrodermal responses were larger on the left than the right hand and haptic processing times were faster with the right than the left hand. Under hypnosis there was a reduction in electrodermal orienting responses coupled with faster habituation and a reversal in lateral asymmetries. Haptic processing revealed a slowing in right hand processing times whereas left hand times were reduced as was the case with bilateral processing times in both Unsusceptible subjects and controls who experienced no hypnosis. Unlike earlier reports left hemisphere dynamic processes were fundamental to the induction of hypnosis. A neuropsychological model is proposed whereby susceptibility is associated both with a left bias prior to hypnosis and left hemisphere inhibition under hypnosis. Unsusceptibles retain a right hemisphere orientation without undergoing left hemisphere inhibition. Thus hypnosis involves an inhibition of left-sided processes which permits the ascendancy of the right hemisphere through the attenuation of left hemisphere control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of blood clearance and hepatic tissue binding of Escherichia coli by liver lectin-specific sugars and glycoproteins.

The effects of sugars and glycoproteins that are known to bind to lectins of liver tissue on the clearance of cells of Escherichia coli from mouse blood was investigated. The administration of 100 mg per mouse of methyl-alpha-D-mannoside, methyl-alpha-D-glucoside, or methyl-alpha-D-fucoside, but not of methyl-alpha-D-galactoside or L-rhamnose, markedly inhibited the blood clearance of cells of E. coli 346. Clearance was similarly inhibited by 0.1 and 1.0 mg per mouse of asialofetuin or ovalbumin, respectively, whereas fetuin had no effect. The inhibitory effects of the sugars on blood clearance was abolished by pretreating the E. coli cells with antibodies against whole organisms. All of these effects were equal for fimbriated and nonfimbriated phenotypes of E. coli 346. Homogenates of mouse liver tissue coaggregated with nonfimbriated cells of E. coli. The aggregation was blocked by 100 mM solutions of methyl-alpha-D-mannoside, or methyl-alpha-D-glucoside, 1 mg of bacterial lipopolysaccharide per ml, or 10 mM EDTA but not by L-rhamnose. These results suggest that the mannose-N-acetylglucosamine hepatic lectin recognizes specific sugars on the surface of E. coli and may be centrally involved in the nonimmune clearance of nonfimbriated E. coli from the blood of the infected host.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Phase I-II trial of high-dose calcium leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced colorectal cancer.

Twenty-six patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma were entered into a Phase I-II study of 5-fluorouracil (5-FUra)-high-dose leucovorin (CF). The starting dose of 5-FUra was 300 mg/sq m with escalation to 750 mg/sq m/week in 6 doses given by rapid i.v. injection midway during a 2-hr infusion of CF, 500 mg/sq m. Partial responses were seen in 9 of 23 patients (6 of 12 who had had previous 5-FUra). Complete normalization of liver enzymes was seen in two of these patients. Side effects were seen sporadically with 5-FUra doses up to 600 mg/sq m. At a 600-mg/sq m 5-FUra dose, 8 of 18 patients had diarrhea, and 2 of 18 had white blood cell counts less than 3000/microliter. At a 750-mg/sq m dose of 5-FUra, 6 of 11 patients had severe diarrhea and 6 of 11 had white blood cell counts less than 3000/microliter. Other toxicities were mild conjunctivitis and lacrimation, thinning of the nails, and alopecia. In bioavailability studies of CF p.o., no plasma CF could be detected. After CF i.v., mean plasma peak was 111.3 +/- 40.3 (S.D.) microM. 5-FUra-CF appears to be effective in patients clinically resistant to 5-FUra. This study is being extended to randomized trial of 5-FUra-CF versus 5-FUra alone.

Adult↗