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Biomedical subjects

A Pearson

Publications and source records attributed to A Pearson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

A comparison of quality of care using Phaneuf's Nursing Audit.

The quality of nursing care delivered to two groups of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus was examined. Using Phaneuf's Nursing Audit, a retrospective audit of the nursing documentation regarding the care of all patients was carried out, and a comparison made of the numeric scores obtained. The nursing care of the group of patients from the Professional Nursing Unit (PNU) obtained mean scores which were 26.4% higher than those obtained by the group from the general hospital wards. There are major variations in scores in specific areas. These give rise to some questions regarding the value to nurses of the caring and nurturing component of nursing work, and how this is affected by differing philosophies and environments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The 5' noncoding region sequence of the Choristoneura biennis entomopoxvirus spheroidin gene functions as an efficient late promoter in the mammalian vaccinia expression system.

About 100 nucleotides of DNA sequence at the 5' noncoding region of the Choristoneura biennis entomopoxvirus spheroidin gene was chemically synthesized and inserted into a vaccinia expression vector, interrupting the vaccinia thymidine kinase gene. When the bacterial beta-galactosidase gene was introduced downstream of this sequence and a recombinant vaccinia virus containing these inserts was obtained by homologous recombination, beta-galactosidase was shown to be expressed at a high level late in the vaccinia infection cycle. The level of beta-galactosidase expression was four- to fivefold higher with this spheroidin-vaccinia recombinant virus than with a similar recombinant in which the beta-galactosidase gene was under the control of the vaccinia 7.5-kDa promoter. Primer extension and S1 mapping of the 5' terminus of the beta-galactosidase transcript located the transcription initiation site within the spheroidin DNA sequence, confirming the promoter nature of this DNA sequence in the vaccinia system. Dot blot analysis indicated that the difference in beta-galactosidase expression with these two recombinant viruses can be attributed to the difference in their transcript levels. We also demonstrated that full promoter activity encoded in the spheroidin 5' noncoding sequence was contained within a 38-nucleotide DNA fragment.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hemodynamic and echocardiographic assessment of the effects of diltiazem during transient occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

The effects of diltiazem during transient myocardial ischemia were studied in 17 patients (age 58 +/- 11 years, 12 men, 5 women) undergoing 1-vessel left anterior descending percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). After hemodynamic, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic data were obtained during the control ischemic periods, diltiazem (10 mg intravenous bolus with 500 micrograms/min infusion) was given and 15 minutes later ischemia reinduced. Diltiazem reduced mean arterial pressure (113 +/- 16 to 95 +/- 15 mm Hg, p less than 0.05) and heart rate-pressure product (p less than 0.05) with no change in heart rate, pulmonary pressures or coronary (sinus, thermodilution technique) blood flow at rest. After diltiazem, times to ischemia-induced 1.0 mm ST-segment elevation (28 +/- 10 to 42 +/- 17 seconds, p less than 0.05) and new left ventricular wall motion abnormalities (by 2-dimensional echocardiography, 24 +/- 8 to 36 +/- 12 seconds, p less than 0.001) were prolonged without significant augmentation of great cardiac vein flow during coronary occlusion. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction decreased from 51 +/- 7 to 41 +/- 12% (p less than 0.05) during control ischemia, but declined less after diltiazem (54 +/- 12 to 47 +/- 14%, difference not significant; 47 +/- 14 vs 41 +/- 12%, p less than 0.01). Diltiazem can attenuate, but not abolish, some of the effects of myocardial ischemia on LV function during transient coronary artery occlusion. These data support the use of diltiazem as a beneficial adjunct that may be used acutely and safely during routine PTCA.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Determining quality in a unit where nursing is the primary intervention.

Determining quality in a unit where nursing is the primary intervention This paper discusses the use of a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods of measuring quality in a nursing unit. It reports the result of comparing the quality of nursing care between patients admitted to the nursing unit concerned (in Oxford, England) following admission to an acute ward, with patients who spent the whole of their hospitalization in an acute ward. The findings suggest that quality can be best assessed by using a number of methods, and the quality of nursing care delivered in a unit which focuses on therapeutic nursing is significantly and consistently higher than that delivered in acute hospital wards.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Nitrofurans in the treatment of gastritis associated with Campylobacter pylori. The Gastrointestinal Physiology Working Group of Cayetano Heredia and The Johns Hopkins Universities.

We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized treatment study in Peruvian adults with antral gastritis associated with Campylobacter pylori. Patients received either 400 mg of furazolidone (n = 14), 400 mg of nitrofurantoin (n = 24), or a placebo (n = 31) for 14 days. Endoscopy was carried out at baseline, 1 day after ceasing therapy, and 6 wk after the end of treatment to verify colonization by C. pylori and determine the extent of gastric inflammation. Treatment with nitrofurantoin or furazolidone markedly reduced or, in some cases, cleared C. pylori from the antrum (p less than 0.0005 compared with placebo). Resolution of acute gastric inflammation, as evidenced by decreased polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration and regeneration of the mucus layer, paralleled the reduction in bacterial colonization (p less than 0.005 compared with placebo). A high percentage of patients experienced relapse (recolonization by C. pylori and return to pretreatment levels of gastritis) within 6 wk after cessation of treatment. Significant relief of dyspeptic symptoms was not evident during the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

An outbreak of gastroenteritis on a passenger cruise ship.

In an outbreak of gastroenteritis on board a cruise ship 251 passengers and 51 crew were affected and consulted the ship's surgeon during a 14-day period. There was a significant association between consumption of cabin tap water and reported illness in passengers. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were isolated from passengers and crew and coliforms were found in the main water storage tank. Contamination of inadequately chlorinated water by sewage was the most likely source of infection. A low level of reported illness and late recognition of the outbreak delayed investigation of what was probably the latest in a series of outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness on board this ship. There is a need for a national surveillance programme which would monitor the extent of illness on board passenger cruise ships as well as a standard approach to the action taken when levels of reported illness rise above a defined level.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1985

The self concept of adolescents with spina bifida.

A study of the children's self concepts was conducted as part of the twelve year follow-up phase of the Greater London Council's Spina Bifida Survey. On the three measures used, there were few significant differences between the spina bifida children and controls, nor between the spina bifida children divided according to such variables as disability level or school type. It was hypothesised that, at twelve years, the children had not yet developed sufficient self-awareness or ability to appreciate the wider implications of their disability, therefore a further sample of spina bifida teenagers was tested. The results from both spina bifida groups showed few significant differences, suggesting that the self concepts of young people with spina bifida in early and later adolescence are neither markedly different from those of their peers, nor associated with degree of disability level or type of school attended. Early hospitalisation was negatively correlated with self concept at twelve years (equivalent data were not available for the teenagers) and this finding is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Consumer-oriented groups: a new approach to interdisciplinary teaching.

Difficulties in the development of primary health care teams have been demonstrated by a number of authors. The important place of interdisciplinary teaching in this development had been stressed. This paper describes an experimental series in which emphasis has been placed on the patient's view of the input of different team members. The value of this approach is discussed.

Humans↗