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Biomedical subjects

A Pauli

Publications and source records attributed to A Pauli.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Anticandidal low molecular compounds from higher plants with special reference to compounds from essential oils.

The most active low molecular weight compounds from higher plants against Candida species are compiled from a database of antimicrobials (Amicbase) to find out new hints on their mechanism of action. The selected compounds possess strong inhibitory activities in vitro against Candida species either in the agar diffusion test, bioautography, agar dilution test, serial dilution test, or activity in the vapour phase. The test conditions are listed thoroughly and aspects of the different methods and recent developments in the testing of anticandidal drugs are discussed. The anticandidal spectra of drugs, antiseptics, and disinfectants licensed on the major markets are given for comparison of activities with compounds from natural sources. So far known mechanisms of action are described and some new structure-activity relationships are deduced from relationships between biological activities and chemical and physical parameters. Main specific targets of natural anticandidals are the ergosterol pathway, respiratory chain, and chitin biosynthesis.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2004

Conservation of DNA methylation in dipteran insects.

DNA methylation is a central mechanism of epigenetic regulation. Whereas vertebrate DNA methylation requires at least four different DNA methyltransferases, Drosophila melanogaster only utilizes a single, Dnmt2-like enzyme. This profound difference has raised the question of the evolutionary significance of the Drosophila methylation system. We have now identified Dnmt2-like open reading frames in the genome sequences of Drosophila pseudoobscura and Anopheles gambiae. These genes represent the only candidate DNA methyltransferases in their respective genomes. Consistent with a catalytic activity of Dnmt2 proteins, we could also demonstrate low but significant levels of DNA methylation in genomic DNA from these species. Lastly, we were also able to detect highly conserved Dnmt2-like open reading frames and concomitant DNA methylation in several additional Drosophila species, which suggests that Dnmt2-mediated DNA methylation has been conserved over a considerable evolutionary distance.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Inhibitory effects of essential oil components on growth of food-contaminating fungi.

The antifungal activity of several components of essential oils were evaluated using a paper-disk method. The substances investigated are structurally related to eugenol. Equimolar amounts were tested on more than ten fungal strains known to contaminate food. Iso-eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, eugenol and thymol revealed the strongest antifungal activity. The most resistant strain appeared to be Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium, and the most sensitive was P. viridicatum. Some of the structural effects were considered, including a free hydroxyl group in connection with an alkyl substituent which seemed to represent an especially active configuration of phenolic compounds and which rendered antimicrobial activity.

Food Contamination↗
PubMed1982

[Familial pelvi-scapulary dysplasia with anomalies of the epiphyses, dwarfism and dysmorphy: a new syndrome? (author's transl)].

A North African brother and his sister, whose parents were first cousins, presented with the same disorder. It consisted of congenital dwarfism, facial dysmorphy and several skeletal anomalies including bilateral agenesis of the ala of scapula and hypoplasia of the ala of ilium and acetabulum, responsible for hip dislocation. No similar case was found in the literature. A recessive autosomal transmission of the disease is suggested.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1976

Canine exocrine pancreatic secretory changes induced by calcium or ethanol plus calcium intraduodenal infusion.

In dogs provided with chronic gastric and pancreatic fistulas (Thomas cannula), an 80-minute intraduodenal CaCl2 (0.6 mM/kg.) infusion against a background of secretin perfusion (GIH, 1.0 CU/kg./hr.) elicits a complex "pancreon" response consisting of both excitatory and inhibitory effects on the protein and alkaline components, respectively, of pancreatic secretion. It is postulated that these pancreatic secretion changes are the result of the interplay of released CCK and calcitonin. The lack of pancreatic secretion modifications when ethanol (0.7 mg./kg.) was added to the intraduodenal CaCl2 infusion suggests that the former counteracts the effects of the latter on the nerves and/or the endocrine cells of the gut. Ca++ concentration and output in pancreatic secretion did not change significantly either with the intraduodenal CaCl2 alone or associated with ethanol. Fasting blood Ca++ levels were not modified either by the secretin perfusion or by the intraduodenal CaCl2 infusion, either given alone or associated with ethanol.

Alkalies↗
PubMed1975

Physical studies of the interaction between the Escherichia coli DNA binding protein and nucleic acids.

The interaction of nucleic acid with the Escherichia coli DNA-binding protein has been studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy and sedimentation velocity analysis. The protein binds to single-strand DNA with an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant of 2 X 10(-9). It binds to the homopolymers poly (dA) and poly (dT) slightly more tightly, but has a larger apparent equilibrium dissociation constant to poly (dC). The protein also binds tightly to ribohomopolymers and to tRNA, but not to duplex DNA. By the use of defined-length oligonucleotides, it has been shown that the protein binds to DNA in a highly cooperative manner. The extent of cooperativity is seen as the difference in binding between an isolated monomeric protein molecule bound to DNA and two or more molecules binding to contiguous sites.

Bacterial Proteins↗