Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Pampaloni.
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Splenic cysts are rare in pediatric surgery. Congenital epidermoid cysts are exceptional representing only 2.5% of all splenic cysts in childhood. Nowadays, considering the short- and long-term complications of splenectomy in children, the management of epidermoid cyst consists of partial splenectomy or decapsulation of the cystic wall. To our knowledge, the case reported in this article describes the first successful laparoscopic decapsulation of an epidermoid splenic cyst in an 10-year-old child using the UltraCision LaparoSonic Coagulating Shears (LCS). Follow-up at six months confirms no recurrence. Laparoscopic splenic decapsulation provides minimal access and small surgical trauma for treating the cyst while preserving splenic function. The use of UltraCision LCS makes the laparoscopy safely, expeditiously, with minimal blood loss and short hospital stay.
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The authors take an interest in the study of the intestinal infections during continuous enteral elemental feeding by jejunum in infants. They discuss the pathogenesis and indicate the measures in order to prevent that complications. The Authors report 9 cases of infants on whom an enteral (jejunal) elemental feeding was made up: on the basis of their experiences they consider that the occurrence of intestinal infections does not compromise the employing of the enteral feeding in front of other methods of artificial nutrition.
In Pediatric Surgery "A. Meyer's" Hospital of Florence in the period 1973-1982 a people of 140.000 children is recovered. The AA report a case of double omental cyst, that is arrived in Hospital only for an increase of the abdomen. The omental cyst are uncommon in pediatric age and presents etiopathogenetic aspects still controverted.
The burn injury is a typical pathology in which there is a possibility of opportunistic infections because the patients have a severe derangement in their defense. The authors examine etiology, pathogenesis, simptomatology, diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy of these infections. The authors also report their own experience about these infections based on study of a group of burned children hospitalized in the pediatric surgery unit of A. Meyer hospital in Florence.
In the last five years, in the Surgery Pediatric Department and in the Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Service of the Florence University, have been observed 13 patients with cystic renal diseases. In every single case, for the diagnosis we have considered the age of the patients and the examinations made to them. We payed attention mostly to the echography considered the main diagnostic examination, even in prenatal age.
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The Authors present 362 cases of hypospadias, during 10 years, considering genetical aspects of the malformation. The mean frequency rate of hypospadias is 0.32%. In 60 of the examined patients (17.1%) there was another subject with hypospadias and in 12 cases (4.3%) there was a third subject with the malformation. In 32 cases (9.1%) the relationship was between brothers and in 15 cases (4.2%) the fathers were concerned. Thus, each group had a clean increasing risk in comparison with the mean frequency rate. From the analysis of the results appears a not mendelian inheritance and not even sex linked or single locus linked, in the transmission of the characters. The Authors emphasize the role of some hereditary predisposition in concomitance of environmental conditions, to date not well known. The hypospadias, thus, to fit in the "mid-line pathology", a recent chapter of genetics, characterized by a lack of coalescence, just in the mid-line of embryonal development, during organogenesis.
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The Authors present their experience about 457 consecutive cases of acute scrotum, occurring from 1980 to 1990, at their Pediatric Surgery Unit. The condition is caused by torsion of the appendage of the testis (78.1%), torsion of the funicle (9.6%), acute idiopathic oedema of the scrotum (2.87%), and also tumours (1.17%). Also in their experience, the surgical approach is the correct treatment for the acute scrotum in order to prevent the irreversible damage of the testis. The surgical treatment present no problem and all the post-operatives were uneventful. In children under 2 years, the interventions were performed by inguinal incision, above 2 years by scrotal incision. The contralateral orchiopexy, in case of torsion of the funicle, was performed in the same session, or performed later, because of the anesthetic consideration.
The Authors report their experience about two cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood. The clinical history, diagnostic procedures and surgical treatment are described. The xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare form of chronic inflammatory disease of the kidney, in which pre-operative differential diagnosis with renal cancer or with extra renal neoplastic and inflammatory diseases is very difficult. The signs and symptoms are not characteristic, such as renal tumour, recurrent UTI, abdominal pain, fever. Also non characteristic are the findings, performed with diagnostic ultra sound and computed tomography. The surgical treatment is always effective in the xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. About 500 cases are described in adults and about 80 cases in children, from the first description in 1963. The first of our cases, occurring in a boy 6 years old, was treated with nephrectomy, because of the pre-operatory aspect was like tumour. In the second of the cases described, occurring in a girl 11 years old, the nephrectomy was performed because the chronic purulent inflammatory process had involved all the kidney. In the post-operative, in the first case was performed a relaparotomy for intestinal occlusion in 12th day, in the second case the post-operative was uneventful. The Authors emphasize the importance of the xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in the differential diagnosis in children with recurrent UTI, renal masses, fever, in the clinical history.
Arachnoid cysts are a pathological condition in which an arachnoid-lined cavity is filled with a CSF-like fluid, often creating a disturbance in intracranial dynamics, due to shift and displacement of surrounding structures, and intracranial hypertension. Primary or congenital arachnoid cysts are maldevelopmental anomalies and contain clear CSF-like fluid. Acquired cysts may result from a variety of aethiologies such as traumas and infections. In these cases the intracystic fluid may be emosiderin-stained or may contain inflammatory cells. A general survey of this peculiar pathological finding in the pediatric age group is reported by the Authors in this paper.